Spanish Period

(1565 – 1898)
Objective:
At the end of the presentation the students must be able to understand
how Literature started during the Spanish Period.
 Spanish colonization of the Philippines
started in 1565 during the time of Miguel
Lopez de Legazpi, the first Spanish governor-
general in the Philippines. Literature started to
flourish during his time. The spurt continued
unabated until the Cavite Revolt in 1872. The
Spaniards colonized the Philippines for more
than three centuries.
 SPANISH INFLUENCES ON
THE PHILIPPINE
LITERATURE
1. ALIBATA
2. Christian Doctrine
3. Spanish language became the literary
language this time
4. European legends and traditions
5. Ancient literature was collected and translated
to Tagalog
6. Grammar books were printed in Filipino
7. Religious tone
TYPES OF LITERATURE
DURING THE SPANISH
PERIOD
RELIGIOUS LITERATURE-religious lyrics written by ladino poets that
were included in early catechism and were used to teach Filipinos the
Spanish language.

SECULAR LITERATURE—Revolves around tales of valiance and

adventure
RELIGIOUS
LITERATURE
Pasyon— A Philippine epic narrative of the Passion, Death, and
Resurrection of Jesus Christ
Senakulo— A Lenten play that depicts events from the Old and New
Testaments related to the life, sufferings, and death of Christ
Komedya— A play in verse from the Philippines depicting the Christian
saints, real events, or imagi-nary kingdoms; also called Moro-moro,
dramatizes the conflict between medieval Christian kingdoms and the
Moorish
Panunuluyan— A traditional Filipino reenactment of Joseph and Mary’s
search for suitable place for Mary to give birth to Jesus
RELIGIOUS
LITERATURE
Salubong— A pre-dawn meeting of two processed images, one of the Risen
Christ, and the other of a still-mourning Mary—covered in a black dress
Karagatan— A poetic vehicle of a socio- religious nature celebrated during
the death of a person
Duplo— A poetic joust in speaking and reasoning
Tibag – The word tibag means to excavate; was brought here by the
Spaniard to remind the people about the search of St. Helena for the Cross
on which Jesus died.
Carillo (Shadow Play) - A form of dramatic entertainment performed on a
moonless night during a town fiesta or on dark nights after a harvest; are
drawn from a Corrido or Awit or some religious play interspersed with
songs.
RELIGIOUS
LITERATURE
Sarzuela— A form of Spanish or Spanish-derived musical theatre in
which the dramatic action is car-ried through an alternating
combination of song and speech
Sainete – A short musical comedy popular during the 18th century;
were exaggerated comedies shown between acts of long plays and
were mostly performed by characters from the lower classes; have
themes that were taken from everyday life scenarios.
SECULAR LITERATURE
Metrical Romances— are otherwise known as romantic poetry. The
poem tells a story in verse form and depicts the adventures of romantic
poetry. These texts highlighted chivalric periods in history fo-cusing
upon civility and manners. Examples of these types of work typically
show the heroic deeds of a single knight on a quest to win the favor of a
woman and the honor placed upon him by his king.
Awit – colorful tales of chivalry made for singing and chanting
Example: Ibong Adarna
Korido – metrical tale written in octosyllabic quatrains
Example: Florante at Laura
SECULAR LITERATURE
Balagtasan— is a poetic joust or a contest of skills in debate on a
particular topic or issue.
Prose Narratives— are easy to understand instructional materials that
in a literary light that teaches Filipinos on proper decorum. These are
written in a form of writing in which the work is written in prose,
instead of poetry, and tells a definitive story through actions;
Folk Songs— manifest the artistic feelings of the Filipinos. They show
the Filipinos’ innate apprecia-tion for and love of beauty.
Examples: Leron-leron Sinta, Pamulinawen, Dandansoy, Sarong Banggi,
and others
 RECREATIONAL PLAYS

There were many recreational plays

performed by Filipinos during the
Spanish times. Almost all of them were
in poetic form.
Examples or recreational plays:
1.Tibag
2.Lagaylay
3.The Cenaculo
4.Panunuluyan
5.The Salubong (or Panubong)
6.Carillo (Shadow Play)
7.The Zarzuela
8.The Sainete
 THE MORO-MORO

Like the Cenaculo, the Moro-Moro is

presented also on a special stage. This is
performed during town fiestas to
entertain the people and to remind them
of their Christian religion.
Example : “Prinsipe Rodante”
 KARAGATAN
This is a poetic vehicle of a socio-
religious nature celebrated during the
death of a person.
 DUPLO

The Duplo replaced the Karagatan.

This is a poetic joust in speaking and
reasoning.
 
 THE BALAGTASAN

This is a poetic joust or a contest of

skills in debate on a particular topic or
issue.
 THE DUNG-AW

This is a chant in free verse by a

bereaved person or his representative
beside the corpse of the dead.
 
 THE AWIT and the CORRIDO

Both referred to as narrative poetry.

Some use the two interchangeably
because the distinction is not clear.
 AWIT
• is in dodecasyllabic verse.
• are fabricated stories from writers’ imagination
although the setting and characters are European.
• refers to chanting.

Example:
Florante at Laura
by Francisco Balagtas
 CORRIDO
• is in octosyllabic verse.
• were usually on legends or stories from European
countries like France, Spain, Italy and Greece.
• refers to narration.

Example:
Ibong Adarna
by Jose de la Cruz
 SELECTION IN FOCUS

OUR NATIONAL ANTHEM

Lupang Hinirang
-originally a Spanish poem by Jose Palma
-was translated to Filipino after gaining
Independence.
Philippine Hymn- English translation
 Making Sense of Words and
Expressions in the Text
A. one use of the apostrophe is to indicate that a letter or letters are left out
in the word. Determine the letter that is omitted in each of the following
words. Write the full word on the blank.
1.Ne’er
2.O’er
3.‘tis
4.Mo’y
5.‘di
6.Niya’y
7.Luwalhati’t
8.Ligaya’y
 Determine the intensity of meaning
expressed in each word. Number the words
or expressions in each set with 1 having the
lowest and 3 having the highest intensity.

1. ______shining ______alight ______ glorious

2. ______ land of love ______land dear ______ land of light
3. ______ rapture ______ fervor ______ adoration
4. ______ dear ______ sacred ______ holy
 TEXT ANALYSIS

1. What does the pronoun “its” in the second to the last stanza
refer to?
2. To what extent is the translation true to the original text? In
what ways are they the same? In what ways are they different?
3. Which part of the anthem reflects the history of the
Philippines? State these lines and the historical event they
reflect or allude to?
4. Which version of the anthem do you like better? Why?
5. Which part of the anthem, whether the Filipino version or the
English translation, resonates with you as a Filipino? Why?