1

What Is COMPUTER NETWORK?

Describe different types of computer network and
network topology
 Computer Networks 2

This course is to provide students with an overview of the concepts and fundamentals
of data communication and computer networks.
 3

Computer Networks
• COMPUTER NETWORK
CONNECTS TWO OR MORE
COMPUTERS.
• THE COMPUTERS CAN BE
GEOGRAPHICALLY LOCATED
ANY WHERE
 Network Protocol 4

Network protocols are formal standards and policies comprised of rules, procedures

and formats that define communication between two or more devices over
a network.
 LAN, MAN & WAN 5

 Network in small geographical Area (Room,

Building or a Campus) is called LAN (Local
Area Network)

 Network in a City is call MAN (Metropolitan

Area Network)

 Network spread geographically (Country or

across Globe) is called WAN(Wide Area
Network)
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Historic Background of Computer 7

Networks
 ARPANET was the world's first operational network, and the predecessor of the
global Internet. It was developed by the U.S. Department of Defense. One theory
was that it was developed to survive a nuclear attack.
 The Internet was an Accident! The Internet was a result of an unsuccessful
military and academic research program! Short for “internetworking.
 The original Internet provided screens full of text . GUIs added some color and
layout, but still were not very interesting.
Historic Background of Computer 8

Networks
 The World Wide Web Saved the Internet. Hyperlinks were invented .
 Mosaic: The First Web Browser. Did not handle loading pictures very well.
 1994 – A Big Year for the WWW. Tim Berners Lee in develops the World Wide
Web Consortium to develop standards for the Web. Netscape is founded 
 1994 – 2000-The Internet exploded during this period. The first commercial site
was Amazon.com
 Course Objectives: 9

At the end of the course, the students will be able to:

 Build an understanding of the fundamental concepts of computer networking.

 Familiarize the student with the basic taxonomy and terminology of the computer networking
area.

 Introduce the student to advanced networking concepts, preparing the student for entry
Advanced courses in computer networking.
 Course Contents of Subject 10

 Introduction to Computer Networks

 Physical Layer
 Data Link Layer
 Network Layer
 Transport Layer
 Application Layer
 Physical (hardware)– Pen ,Pencil: this is how the letters actually get from point A to point 11
B.
 Data-link(data transfer between machines) -- The envelope: you can't just put a handwritten letter
in a mailbox and expect it to be sent somewhere.
 Network(data transfer between networks) -- The address: where to deliver the letter. This
establishes a connection between two residences.
 Transport (data transfer between applications)-- Your name on the envelope: once it gets inside
your house, it needs to be given to the correct person.
 Session(authentication between applications) -- The standard letter format:
this includes dating the letters, saying "dear so-and-so" and "yours truly.“
 Presentation(syntax/format of the data being sent) -- The body of the letter
itself: let's make sure both parties are writing in English.
 Application (where interception and handling of data takes place)-- The collection of letters
exchanged: the point of the previous six layers was to enable the pen pal relationship between two
people.
Essentials of the subject from engineering 12

point of view
This subject is important for learning the basic concepts of IP addresses and
connection between two systems.
Industrial Applications of Networks 13

Resource Sharing
 Hardware (computing resources, disks, printers)

Software (application software)

 Information Sharing

Easy accessibility from anywhere (files, databases)

 Search Capability (WWW)

Communication
 Email
 Message broadcast
Usefulness of the subject with respect to 14

job opportunities
 This subject opens up the scope for Computer Network Engineers or Network
Administrators.
 Network engineers design and maintain the systems that connect computers and
electronic devices.
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THANK YOU!
Submitted by
SANSKAR GUPTA
MBA-1-D