LESSON 3:

Sexual Behavior
 Sex Hormones and Sexual Motivition
Sex Hormones
• Are responsible for activating the reproduction related behaviors of sexually mature adults that
includes sexual drives and responses .
Estrandiol
• Is produced by the ovaries.
• Increase sexual desire in post-menopausal women (eg. Cappelletti and Wallen, 2016)
Testosterone
• Is produced by both the ovaries and adrenal glands.
• Plays important role in controlling and synchronizing male sexual desire and arousal.
Women’s Sexual Behavior
• Shown to differ from the primate mammal. Women are sexually receptive under any
hormonal condition and irrespective of their levels of sexual desire. (Wallen,2001)
• Women are more sexual interest during the time of their ovulation. And avoid sexual
intercourse during menstruation.
Men’s Sexual Behavior
• Influenced by external factors such as culture and social relationships.
• Some cultures and religions give more freedom for men to have multiple sexual
partners.
• Relationship problem such as poor communication, trust issues, unresolved
conflicts and loss of attraction affects one’s sexual desire.
Testosterone Therapy
• Used to improve low desire and erectile dysfunction. (Corona, Isidori, Aversa,
Burnett and Maggi, 2016)
 Erogenous Zones
Erogenous Zones
• Those areas in the human body that have heightened sensitivity.
• Can produce sexual responses including arousal, sexual thouths and/or
fantasies and orgasm.
• They are found all over the body and are quite complex and intricately
connected.
• Males and females appear to have effectively same distribution of erogenous
zones.
Body Parts Arousal Score (Highest First)
Females Males
• Clitoris • Penis
• Vagina • Mouth/lips
• Mouth/lips • Scrotum
• Nape of neck • Inner thigh
• Breast • Nape of neck
• Nipples • Nipples
• Inner thigh • Perineum
• Back of neck • Pubic hairline
• Ear • Back of neck
• Lower back • Ears
Female arousal score Male arousal score
 Sexual Response
Sexual Response
• Is typically higher in then in women. (van Andres, 2012)
• Men reported to be open to casual sex and multiple sex partners, while women
are more likely combined sex with romantic relationship. (Rathus, 2014)
Vasocongestion
• Refers to the swelling of the tissues due to increased blood flow that causes
erection of penis and swelling of the nipples and the surrounding area of vagina.
Myotonia
•Muscle contraction and tension that causes spasm of orgasm and spasm of
hand and feet.
•With adequate sexual stimulation, natural responses including erection,
vaginal lubrication and orgasm are achieved.
 Excitement Phase
Males
• Penis become erect, scrotal skin thickens, and less baggy and the testes
increase in size and become elevated.
Females
• Engorgement of the clitoris and the labia and the expansion of the inner parts of
the vagina.
• Vaginal lubrication also starts and increased heart rate and blood pressure.
 Plateau Phase
• Is an advanced state of arousal before the orgasm. Characterized by a somewhat
stable state in the cycle.
Male
• There is slight increase in the size of the circumference of the head of the penis
and the testes are elevated in preparation for ejaculation.
Female
• Further vasocongestion is seen in the swelling of the outer part of the vagina and
the full expansion of the inner vagina. The clitoris shortens as it withdraws
beneath the clitoral hood. Breathing becomes more rapid, heart rate increases
and blood pressure continues to rise.
 Orgasmic Phase
Male Orgasms
• Involves muscle contractions that propel semen from the body. Sensation of
pleasure tend to be related to the strength of the contractions and the volume of
the semenal fluid.
• Most intense are usually the first three to four contractions and take place at 0.8
second-interval (five contraction happening every four seconds). The succeeding
contraction appear more slowly.
Female Orgasms
• Involves rhythmic contraction of the vaginal wall, anal sphincter and
uterus. Same as male contractions occur at 0.8 second intervals.
• Pleasurable sensations are subjectively located in the different area of
the genital region.
 Resolution Phase
• In the post-orgasm phase, the body returns to its pre-aroused state.
Male
• Lose their erection and enter a refractory period during which cannot
experience another orgasm or ejaculate.
• The testes and scrotum also return to their normal size.
Female
• Do not experience a refractory period and therefore can become quickly
rearoused to the point of multiple orgasm if they want and if they continued
sexual stimulation.
 Love, Lust and Attachment
Lust
• Without any deep connection, partners engaging in sexual intercourse merely
satisfy their lust.
• Is enjoyment in the “here and now” with little to no consideration of longterm
commitment.
Love
• There are many perspective about romantic love and one is presented here that
is Robert Sternberg’s (1988) triangle model.
3 Essential Component of Triangle Model
Intimacy
• Refers to the couples sense of closeness and the presense of mutual concern and
the sharing of feelings and resources.
Passion
• Means romance and sexual feelings.
• Most crucial in short-term relationship while intimacy and commitment are more
important in enduring relationship.
Commitment
• Deciding to enhance and maintain the relationship.
How is attachment formed?
• There are two perspective that would provide explanations:
Biological
• Certain hormones such as oxytocin influence bonding in romantic relationship.
Psychological
• To influence the kind of attachment on adult forms with a partner.
• Securely attached adult are relaxed, open to interdependence and has
adequate trust on their partner.
• Anxious resistant are worried about abandonment, feel unsure about the
lovability and afraid to fully trust the partner.
• Anxious-avoidant are dismissive and uncomfortable of intimacy, valuing more
their independence.
 LESSON 4:

Sexual Health
•
What is Sexual Health?
Sexual health is the ability of women and men to
enjoy and express their sexuality and to do free
from the risk of sexually transmitted diseases,
unwanted pregnancy , coercion ,violence and
discrimination.
• Sexual health includes a sense of self-
steem,personal attractiveness and competence,as
well as freedom from sexual dysfunction,sexually
transmitted diseases and sexual assault/coercion.
Sexual health affirms sexuality as a positive
force, enhancing other dimensions of ones life.
WHY SEXUAL HEALTH IS IMPORTANT?
• Sexual health is important because this is a big
part of life. It can affect and is affected by other
aspects of health. This includes physical, mental,
emotional, and social health. Being in good
sexual health means you are well informed,
careful, and respectful to yourself and others.
 Sexual Health Dysfunction

• Desire disorders: lack of sexual desire or interest in

sex.
• Arousal disorders: inability to become physically
aroused or excited during sexual activity.
• Orgasm disorders: delay or absence of orgasm
(climax).
• Pain disorders: pain during intercourse.