SHADAN WOMEN’S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND

TECHNOLOGY
KHAIRTABAD, HYDERABAD-500 004

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

SEMINAR PRESENTATION
ACADEMIC YEAR:2022-2023

NIGHT VISION TECHNOLOGY

PRESENTED BY AFRAA ANWAR
ROLL NO.: 19L51AO401
BATCH:2019-2023
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 TYPES OF NIGHT VISION
 WORKING OF TECHNICAL NIGHT VISION
 NIGHT VISION DEVICES
 GENERATIONS
 APPLICATIONS
 CONCLUSIONS
 REFERENCE
 INTRODUCTION

• NIGHT VISION TECHNOLOGY, LITERALLY ALLOWS ONE TO SEE IN THE DARK.

• IT WAS ORIGINALLY DEVELOPED FOR MILITARY USE.
• HUMANS HAVE POOR NIGHT VISION COMPARED TO MANY OTHER ANIMALS.
• WITH PROPER NIGHT VISION EQUIPMENT, WE CAN SEE A PERSON STANDING
OVER 200 YARDS (IE. 183 M) AWAY ON A MOONLESS, CLOUDY NIGHT.
 TYPES OF NIGHT VISION

• BASICALLY THEY ARE CLASSIFIED INTO 2 TYPES.

1. BIOLOGICAL NIGHT VISION: IN THIS TYPE THE MOLECULES IN THE RODS OF
THE EYE UNDERGO A CHANGE IN SHAPE AS LIGHT FALLS ON THE EYE. THE
EYES ARE INSENSITIVE TO LIGHT.
2. TECHNICAL NIGHT VISION: IMAGE INTENSIFIER AND THERMAL IMAGING
 WORKING OF TECHNICAL NIGHT VISION

• THE TECHNICAL NIGHT VISION CAN WORK IN 2 WAYS AS DESCRIBED BELOW.

1. IMAGE INTENSIFIER:
• NIGHT VISION AMPLIFIES LIGHT TO ACHIEVE BETTER VISION.
• A CONVENTIONAL LENS, CAPTURES AMBIENT LIGHT.
• THE GATHERED LIGHT, IS SENT TO IMAGE-INTENSIFIER TUBE.
• THE FIGURE REPRESENTS HOW THE PROCESS TAKES PLACE.
FIGURE 1: IMAGE INTENSIFIER PROCESS
2. THERMAL IMAGING:
• ALL OBJECTS EMIT INFRARED ENERGY AS A FUNCTION OF THEIR TEMPERATURE.
• A LENS FOCUSES THE INFRARED LIGHT.
• THE FOCUSED LIGHT IS SCANNED AND CREATE TEMPERATURE PATTERN.
• THE PATTERN CREATED IS TRANSLATED INTO ELECTRIC IMPULSES.
• THE IMPULSES ARE SENT TO A CIRCUIT BOARD THAT TRANSLATES THE INFORMATION INTO
DATA FOR THE DISPLAY.
• THE SIGNAL-PROCESSING UNIT SENDS THE INFORMATION TO THE IS PLAY, AND APPEARS AS
VARIOUS COLORS.
• THERMAL IMAGES ARE BLACK AND WHITE IN NATURE.
FIGURE 2: THERMAL IMAGING PROCESS
 NIGHT VISION DEVICES

• THEY ARE BASICALLY DIVIDED INTO 3 TYPES. AS MENTIONED BELOW:

1. SCOPES: THEY ARE MONOCULAR NORMALLY HANDHELD OR MOUNTED ON A
WEAPON.
2. GOGGLES: THEY ARE BINOCULARS AND WORN ON HEAD.
3. CAMERAS: USED FOR TRANSMIISION OR RECORDING OF AN IMAGE.
 GENERATIONS
1. GENERATION 0: THE EARLIEST (1950S) PRODUCTS WERE BASED ON IMAGE
CONVERSION , RATHER THAN INTENSIFICATION.
2. GENERATION 1: VACUUM TUBE TECHNOLOGY, FULL MOON OPERATION,
AMPLIFICATION: 1,000 AND OPERATING LIFE: 2000 HOURS

FIGURE 3: GENERATION 1
NIGHT VISION DEVICE
3.GENERATION 2: FIRST MICRO CHANNEL PLATE APPLICATION, ONE-QUARTER
MOON OPERATION, AMPLIFICATION: 20,000 AND OPERATING LIFE:2,500 HOURS.
4. GENERATION 3: IMPROVED MICRO CHANNEL PLATE &
PHOTOCATHODE ,STARLIGHT OPERTION, AMPLIFICATION: 40,000 AND OPERATING
LIFE: 10,000 HOURS.
FIGURE 4: GENERATION 2
NIGHT VISION DEVICE
 APPLICATIONS

• MILITARY
• HUNTING
• WILDLIFE OBSERVATION
• SECURITY
• HIDDEN-OBJECT DETECTION
 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

• ADVANTAGES:
1. NO SKILL REQUIRED.
2. ACCIDENT CASE REDUCTION.
3. COMPACT SYSTEM.
4. 3X RANGE VISION
• DISADVANTAGES:
1. INITIAL COST IS HIGH
 CONCLUSION

• TODAY IN THE 21ST CENTURY WE HAVE COME A LONG WAY IN THE DEVELOPMENT
OF NIGHT VISION TECHNOLOGY, FROM THE EARLY 1940’S.
• NIGHT VISION DEVICES ARE BASICALLY DESIGNED FOR UTMOST DEFENSIVE
PURPOSES BUT THE APPLICATION WITHIN THE SCIENTIFIC OR THE CIVILIAN
RANGE IS OFTEN PROHIBITED BY LAW.
• IN PRESENT SCENARIO THE APPLICATIONS OF NIGHT VISION TECHNOLOGY IS
VERY ESSENTIAL TO COMBAT TERRORISM WHICH IS A MAJOR PROBLEM BEING
FACED BY MANKIND
 REFRENCES

• HTTP://WWW.GOOGLE.CO.IN
• HTTP://WWW.PHOTONIS.COM/NIGHTVISION/PRODUCTS/SUPERGEN/SUPERGEN_SP
ECIFICATIONS

• HTTP://WWW.IRINFO.ORG/ARTICLES/03_01_2007_GROSSMAN.HTML
• WWW.WIKIPEDIA.ORG
• WWW.MOROVISION.COM/HOW_THERMAL_IMAGING_WORKS.HTM
THANK YOU