Natural Disasters

TABLE OF CONTENTS
What are natural disasters… Page
Types of natural disasters….Page
Earthquakes… Page
Hurricanes… Page
Volanic Eruptions… Page
 What Are NATURAL DISASTERS

Natural disaster is a natural event such as a flood, earthquake, drought,

landslides, volcanic eruptions, hurricane,e.t.c. that causes great damage
or loss of life
Types Of Natural Disasters
Three types of natural disasters are:
1. Earthquakes
2. Hurricanes
3. Volanic Eruptions
Earthquakes
 earthquakes

What is an earthquake?
An earthquake is a sudden vibration or tremors on the surface of
the earth. Earthquakes can be both minor and major in intensity.
Major Earthquakes are the most dangerous, widespread and
destructive of all natural disasters.
 Earthquakes
What causes an earthquake?
An earthquake occurs when two large pieces of the
earth’s crust suddenly slip. When this slip happens
massive energy moves through the earth in the form
of waves, which we feel and call an earthquake.
 Earthquakes
What are the damages of an earthquake?
The ground shaking from an earthquake can cause buildings and brides
to collapse, disruption of gas, electricity and telephone service and
sometimes trigger landslides, avalanches, flash flood, fires and tsunami.
 Earthquakes
5 (five) countries/areas affected by earthquakes are:
1. Japan
2. Nepal
3. India
4. Ecuador
5. Philippines
 Earthquakes
How to survive an earthquake?
To survive an earthquake you must:
DROP, COVER AND HOLD ON!
Stay indoors until the shaking stops.
Stay away from windows.
If you’re in bed, hold on and stay there, protecting your head with a pillow.
If you’re outdoors, find a clear spot away from buildings, trees and power lines.
Then, drop to the ground.
• If you’re in a car, slow down and drive to a safe place. Stay in the car until the
shaking stops.
HurricaneS
Hurricanes

What is a hurricane?
A hurricane is a powerful spinning storm that forms
over warm oceans. In a hurrican strong winds move in
a circle and is often accompanied by heavy rain.
Hurricanes
What causes a hurricane?
A hurricane occurs when air over the ocean becomes
warm very quickly and moves upward.Then cooler air
rush and take its place. This moving fast air swirls
around in a circle to form a hurricane.
 Hurricanes
What are the damages caused by a hurricane?
When hurricanes strike land they can cause huge
amounts of damage. Most of the damage is caused by
flooding and storm surge. Storm surge is when the
ocean level rises at the coastline due to the power of
the storm. Hurricanes also cause damage with high
speed winds that can blow down trees and damage
homes.
Hurricanes
5 (five) countries/areas affected by hurricanhurricanes are:
1. China
2. The Philippines
3. Japan
4. Mexico
5. The United States,
Hurricanes
How to survive a hurricane?
To survive a hurricane you must:

Stay away from low-lying and flood prone areas.

Always stay indoors during a hurricane, because strong winds will blow
things around.
Leave mobile homes and go to a shelter.
If your home isn’t on higher ground, go to a shelter.
• If emergency managers say to evacuate, then do so immediately.
Volanic Eruptions
Volanic Eruptions
What is a volcano?
A volcano is a mountain with a large opening at the top
through which hot molten rocks and gases are forced into
the air.

What is an volcanic eruption?

When the molten rocks and gases are thrown out of the
volcano with great force, it is call an volcanic eruption.
Volanic Eruptions
What causes a volanic eruption.
When the heat inside the earth creates huge pressure
volcanic eruptions take place. The molten rocks and
gases burst out through weak cracks on the earth’s
surface called vents. Over the period of many years and
with repeated eruptions, molten rocks or lava cools
down and hardens forming a cone-like structure called
volcano around the vent
Volanic Eruptions
What are the damages caused by a volcano eruption?
Volcanic eruptions can cause lateral blasts, lava flows,
hot ash flows, mudslides, avalanches, falling ash and
floods. Volcano eruptions have been known to knock
down entire forests. An erupting volcano can trigger
tsunamis, flash floods, earthquakes, mudflows and
rockfalls.
Volanic Eruptions
5 countries/areas most affected by volanieruptions are:
1. Indonesia
2. Philippines
3. Japan
4. Mexico
5. Ethiopia
 Volanic Eruptions
How to survive a volanic eruption?
To survive a volanic eruption you must:
Follow the evacuation order issued by authorities.
Avoid areas downwind and river valleys downstream of the volcano.
If your caught indoors, close all windows and doors, put machinery inside a
barn, and bring animals inside.
If you’re trapped outdoors, seek shelter indoors. If you’re caught in falling
rocks, roll into a ball and protect your head. If you’re caught near a stream,
be aware of mudflows. Move to higher ground.
• Protect yourself when ash falls. Wear long-sleeved shirts and long pants.
Use goggles to protect you
 Volanic Eruptions
Volanic eruption in St. Vincent and the Grenadines
On April 9, 2021, La Soufrière volcano erupted in St. Vincent. Three days
later, a second larger eruption released large amounts of hot ash, lava,
and toxic gas. The eruptions have led to shortages of essential goods and
services including clean drinking water, sanitation, food, electricity,
transportation, shelter, and medical care.The eruption also caused
16,000 persons to leave their homes to cruise ships and safer parts of
the island.
La Soufrière, St. Vincent &
Grenadines
GlossAery
Avalanche
An avalanche (also called a snowslide) is a rapid flow of snow down a
slope, such as a hill or mountain
Earth Crust
The Earth’s hard outer layer
Flood Prone
Any land area open to being cover by water from any source
Intensity
the amount of a force or power
Glossary
Lateral blast
A sideways explosion of materials from a volcano during an
eruption
Molten
Lava from above the ground
Mudflow
A moving mass of soil made fluid by rain or melting snow
Glossary
Mudslide
A large amount of mud sliding down a mountain, usually
causing damage or destruction/A landslide
Tremor
A trembling or shaking
Tsunamis
Giant waves caused by earthquakes or volcanic eruptions
under the sea
Glossary
Widespread
Occurring in many places