CHAPTER 3

RIZAL’S LIFE:
FAMILY, CHILDHOOD, and EARLY
EDUCATION

BALINTAY, MICAELA ROSE Z.

BERNABE, LAWRA MAE E.
ECLEO, DIANNE S.
SEBAROTIN, APRYL ANN
 LESSON 1: Rizal-Mercado Family

DR. JOSE PROTACIO MERCADO RIZAL Y ALONZO REALONDA

Doctor- completed his medical course in Spain and was conferred the degree of Licentiate in Medicine
by the Universidad Central de Madrid

Jose- was chosen by his mother who was a devotee of the Christian saint San Jose (St. Joseph)

Protacio- from Gervacio P. which come from a Christian calendar

Mercado- adopted in 1731 by Domigo Lamco (the paternal great-great Grandfather of Jose Rizal) which
the Spanish term mercado means ‘market’ in English

Rizal- from the word ‘Ricial’ in Spanish means a field where wheat, cut while still Green, sprouts again

Y- and

Alonzo- old surname of his mother

Realonda- it was used by Doña Teodora from the surname of her godmother based on the culture by that
time
 The Rizal’s is considered one of the biggest families during
their time. Domingo Lam-co, the family's paternal ascendant
was a full-blooded Chinese who came to the Philippines from
Amoy, China in the closing years of the 17th century and
married a Chinese half-breed by the name of Ines de la Rosa.
Researchers revealed that the Mercado-Rizal family had also
traces of Japanese, Spanish, Malay and Even Negrito blood
aside from Chinese. Jose Rizal came from a 13-member family
consisting of his parents, Francisco Mercado II and Teodora
Alonso Realonda, and nine sisters and one brother.
PARENT’S OF RIZAL
 Francisco Mercado (1818-1898)
Father of Jose Rizal who was the youngest of 13
offspring of Juan and Cirila Mercado. Studied in San Jose
College, Manila; and died in Manila.
Born in Biñan, Laguna on May 11, 1818
Studied Latin and Philosophy at the College of San Jose in
Manila
Became a tenant-farmer of the Dominican-owned hacienda
A hardy and independent-minded man, who talked less and
worked more, and was strong in body and valiant in spirit
Died in Manila on January 5, 1898 at the age of 80
Rizal affectionately called him “a model of fathers”
:
Teodora Alonso (1827-1911)

Mother of Jose Rizal who was the second

child of Lorenzo Alonso and Brijida de Quintos.
She studied at the Colegio de Santa Rosa. She
was a business-minded woman, courteous,
religious, hard-working and well-read. She was
born in Santa Cruz, Manila on November 14,
1827 and died in 1911 in Manila.
SIBLINGS OF
RIZAL
 Saturnina Rizal Mercado de Hidalgo, or simply
Saturnina Hidalgo, was the eldest sister of
Philippine national hero José Rizal. She was
married to Manuel T. Hidalgo, a native and one of
the richest persons in Tanauan, Batangas. She was
known as Neneng.

SATURNINA RIZAL MERCADO DE HIDALGO

1850-1913
 Only brother of Jose Rizal and the second child. Studied at
San Jose College in Manila; became a farmer and later a
general of the Philippine Revolution.
 Immortalized him in Rizal’s first novel Noli Me Tangere as
the wise Pilosopo Tasio
 Rizal regarded him as the “most noble of Filipinos”
 became a combat general in the Philippine Revolution
 died on April 13, 1930, an old bachelor aged 79
 dad two children by his mistress (Severina Decena)—a boy
and a girl

PACIANO RIZAL
1851-1930
 Sisa’ was the third child in the family, a
teacher and musician. Like Saturnina,
Narcisa helped in financing Rizal’s
studies in Europe, even pawning her
jewelry and peddling her clothes if
needed. It is said she could recite from
memory almost all of the poems of the
national hero.

NARCISA RIZAL
1852-1939
 The fourth child. Married Silvestre
Ubaldo; a telegraph operator from
Manila died in 1887 from
childbirth.

OLYMPIA RIZAL
1855-1887
 Was married to Mariano Herbosa of Calamba.
When her husband died in the cholera epidemic
in 1889, he was denied a Christian burial
because he was the brother-in-law of Dr. Jose
Rizal. She sent her two sons, Estanislao and
Teodisio to be educated in the school Jose Rizal
established in Dapital during his exile

LUCIA RIZAL
(1857-1919)
 The sixth child in the family. It was to her
whom Jose talked about wanting to marry
Josephine Bracken when most of the Rizal
family was apparently not amenable to the idea.
Jose had also brought up to Maria his plan of
establishing a Filipino colony in North British
Borneo. Wife of Daniel Faustino Cruz.

MARIA RIZAL
1859-1945
 A Filipino nationalist and polymath during
the tail end of the Spanish colonial period of
the Philippines. He is tagged as the national
hero of the Filipino people. The second son
and the seventh child. He was executed by
the Spaniards on December 30, 1896.

JOSE RIZAL
1861- 1939
 Also called ‘Concha’ by her siblings, was the eight child of
the Rizal family. She died at the age of three. Of his sisters, it
is said that Pepe loved most the little Concha who was a year
younger than him. When Concha died of sickness in 1865,
Jose mournfully wept at losing her. He later wrote in his
memoir, “When I was four years old, I lost my little sister
Concha, and then for the first time I shed tears caused by
love and grief.”

CONCEPCION RIZAL
1862-1865
 Also called Panggoy, was the ninth child in the family
who died a spinster. In Jose Rizal's letter to his sister,
Jose praised her for nearly mastering the English
language. Jose also wrote about the 20 pesos he sent, the
10 pesos of the amount was supposed for a lottery ticket.
This indicates that Jose did not stop ‘investing’ in lottery
tickets despite winning 6, 200 pesos in September the
previous year. After Jose’s death, the epileptic Josefa
joined the Katipunan.

JOSEFA RIZAL
1865-1945
 ALSO KNOWS AS Trining’, was the
tenth child and the custodian of Rizal’s
last and greatest poem, "Mi Ultimo
Adios."

TRINIDAD RIZAL
1868-1951
 The youngest child married
Pantaleon Quintero.

SOLEDAD RIZAL
1870-1925