HOUSING

HOUSING DESIGN AND

DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

SUBMITTED BY-
DIVYANSHU GU
SUBMITTED TO-
AR. UMAIR ALI
STUDIO II
AR. ZULNOORAIN KHAIROOWALA 19001011
 FACTORS AFFECTING RESIDENTIAL LOCATION AND SITE
HOUSING DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT
The site should be selected
keeping in view the general
scope or the purpose of
building and on the basis of
extent or privacy required.
A site which comes within the
limits of an area where the by-
laws of the local authority
enforce restrictions regarding
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proportions of plots to be built
up, vacant spaces to be left in
front and sides, heights of
buildings, etc.,
PLANNING
The site should be situated in
locality which is already fully
developed or which is fast
developing. To secure happy living
conditions, generally such
neighborhood is preferred where
the neighbors belong to an equal
status in society and who should
be social and friendly
The site should be available in
a locality where natural beauty
and man-made environment
create healthy living and
working conditions.
Environment also affected by
nearest factories, kiln etc: so
these thing also need to be
considered.
Community services such as police and
fire protection,clearing of waste and
street cleaning
Utility services such as water supply,
gas, electricity, and drainage
Amenities such as schools, hospitals,
libraries, recreation, telephone, etc
Shopping facilities
Means of transportation
The legal and financial
aspects, which dictate upon
ownership rights and the
costs, should be given due
consideration before the
purchase of a plot.
 SOCIAL AND PHYSICAL FACILITIES
1. The Socio-demographic Background Of The Users Also Affects The
Use Of Facilities And Social Interaction.
2. Social Interaction Has A Significant Role As Emotional And
HOUSING DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT

Informational Sharing To Each Other To Create Awareness To A

Neighborhood
3. Public Mass Housings, Which Occupied By Middle-low Income
Households Are Regularly Conducted Social Activities To Enhance
Opportunities To Develop The Society And Interact With The Other
Residents.
4. A High Quality Of Social Interaction Increases The Harmony Of
Residents, Prevents From Any Conflict, And Shows Their Concern
For The Environment. A Robust Social Interaction Builds A Sense To
Recognize The Environment And Neighbors.
5. Social Facilities At A Private Housing Development Are More
Effective To Conduct Social Interaction Than At A Public Housing
Development. Social Facilities At Private Housing Developments
Have A Significant Role As Spaces For Gathering And Fostering
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Social Relationships Among Residents. Meanwhile, Social Interaction

Among Residents At A Public Housing Development Is Regardless Of
The Use Of Social Facilities Due To A Sense Of Community.
 FLOOR AREA RATIO(F.A.R.)
1. The FAR of a project is the total floor area of the building (including
the space covered by all the floors in the building) divided by the area
of land on which the project is being constructed. The FAR is decided
HOUSING DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT

by municipal corporations or the development authority, according to

the Development Control Regulations (DCR) and varies from one city
or even locality, to another.
2. FAR is calculated by dividing the total floor area of a building by the
total area of the land, (or site area).
3. The point of FAR is to limit the size of a building in relation to the
size of the lot on which it's located. To figure out FAR, you take the
total square feet of all the floors on a building and divide that by the
total square feet of the lot.
4. For example, if for a particular plot area of 10,000 square metres, an
FSI of 1 is allotted, then, a construction of 10,000 square metres
would be allowed for the project.Similarly, if the FSI is 1.5 and you
have a land of 1,000 sq ft, then, you can build up to 1,500 sq ft of
covered structure. The formula is quite simple:Plot Area x FSI =
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Built-up area Note: FAR of 1.5 is expressed as FSI of 150%Note that

FSI is applicable on commercial buildings also.
HOUSING DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT DENSITY AND GROUND COVERAGE NORMS AND STANDARDS

1. Ground Coverage expressed in percentage, means the ratio of maximum allowed built-up area on ground level
to the total land area of the Site; and as specified in Schedule 1. Sample 2. Sample 3. Ground Coverage means
area covered by the building immediately above the ground level contiguous to the building.
2. Maximum ground coverage 20% Maximum floor area ratio 60 Maximum height 14 m. Basement upto the
building envelope to the maximum extent of 50% plot area shall be allowed and if used for parking and
services should not be counted in FAR.
3. Ground Coverage means area covered by the building immediately above the ground level contiguous to the
building. Covered area does not include the space covered by ramps around the building, roof of basement
floor beyond the plinth of the building projecting above the ground level, structures for services permitted in
the setback area, garden, rocky area, well and well structures, plant, nursery, water pool, swimming pool (if
uncovered) platform around a tree, tank, fountain, bench with open top and unenclosed sides by walls cut outs
and ducts which are open to sky and the like drainage.
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 DETERMINATION OF HOUSING MIX

Housing type mix and net residential dwelling unit density In

HOUSING DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT

an analysis of 99 hypothetical housing schemes reflecting a

range of combinations of dwelling types, unit sizes, lot sizes,
and block configurations, Alexander (1993:192-96) found a
"clear association of certain parts of the range of possible
densities with specific dwelling forms," with single-detached,
row house and low-rise apartments, and high-rise apartments
each occupying distinct ranges of net dwelling unit density.In
a 1976 study, Diamond found that high-rise redevelopment
does not necessarily increase site density. Assuming constant
floor area per unit, he found that the relationship between
density of built form and land consumption is non-linear and
that the greatest reduction in land consumption per unit occurs
between 0.75 and 1.5 FAR, corresponding to a shift from row
housing to walkup apartments. Densities of more than 1.5
FAR provide little additional advantage in terms of efficiency
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of land use.