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Initial Assesment
Initial Assesment
30 NOPEMBER 2010
WHO ARRIVED IN
EMERGENCY
ROOM
FALS EMERGENCY
TRUE EMERGENCY
10 -15%
30 NOPEMBER 2010
SURGICA MEDICAL
L
• TRAUMA • INFEKSI
• NON TRAUMA • NON INFEKSI
30 NOPEMBER 2010
University of North Carolina
Resusitation Room Care Center - Chapel Hill
Trauma deaths occur in
three time periods.
30 NOPEMBER 2010
Early deaths
Patients who arrive alive at the hospital need immediate
resuscitation to survive.
Many deaths in the early time period are preventable with
appropriate early diagnosis and treatment of severe
life-threatening injuries such as:
Pneumothorax
Rupture of the heart or pulmonary artery
Overwhelming haemorrhage
Massive destruction of brain or other neural tissue
30 NOPEMBER 2010
Immediate deaths
Patients who do not reach the hospital alive die from overwhelming injuries,
including:
Flail chest
Abdominal haemorrhage
Pelvic and long bone injuries.
30 NOPEMBER 2010
Late deaths
Late deaths occur as a result of:
Infection
Multiple organ failure.
Appropriate initial care can prevent late complications and death.
30 NOPEMBER 2010
GAWAT : MENGANCAM NYAWA
DARURAT : SEGERA MENDAPAT TINDAKAN
30 NOPEMBER 2010
Medical Emergency
IF YOU LOOK PATIENT
COME TO EMERGENCY ROOM
PLEASE LOOK
SIGN OF EMERGENCY
30 NOPEMBER 2010
Medical Emergency
11
30 NOPEMBER 2010
BAGAIMANA BEKERJA DENGAN BENAR
DI EMERGENCY ROOM
1. Triage
2. Primary survey
3. Secondary survey
4. Stabilization
5. Transfer
6. Definitive care.
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PERTAMA DATANG KELOKASI LAPORKAN :
Keadaan TKP
Jumlah korban
keperluan penyelamatan / rescue
Ambulan yang diperlukan
Unsur lain yang perlu
21
RAPID ASSESSMENT TRIAGE
METODE START
( SIMPLE TRIAGE AND RAPID TREATMENT )
0. Awal
1. Airway
2. Breathing
3. Circulation
4. Kesadaran
30 NOPEMBER 2010
0. AWAL
30 NOPEMBER 2010
1. AIRWAY
30 NOPEMBER 2010
2. BREATHING
Napas spontan
> 30 x / menit : Merah
< 30 x / menit : Tahap Berikut
Capillary refill
Gelap capillary refill sulit dinilai,
periksa nadi pergelangan tangan
Laki-laki 60 tahun,
Ketika berjalan ditabrak truk dari samping dibawa ke RS dalam keadaan
Tidak sadar, GCS 7 Pupil anisokor dan sedikit midriasis,
ada jejas didada dan di pelvic
Trumatic amputasi setinggi paha kanan, tensi 90/palp, nadi 116 x/ menit
Ketiga penderita ini datang secara hampir bersamaan di IGD Rumah Sakit,
anda sebagai seorang petugas lakukan apa yang harus anda lakukan.
PRIMARY
SURVEY
Management of shock
Multi trauma
Trauma kapitis + penurunan kesadaran
Luka dari klavikula ke kranial
Medical Emergency
Pemeriksaan tambahan
secondary survey
dilakukan setelah ventilasi dan hemodinamika stabil
CT Scan, MRI
Pemerksaan khusuis Radiology dg kontras
Foto polos Ekstremitas
Endoscopy
USG
Medical Emergency
Terapi Definitif
dilakukan setelah primary survey dan secondary survey
Pasien sudah stabil
- Medika mentosa
- Konservatif
- Radikal surgical
- dll sesuai permasalahan
Medical Emergency
KESIMPULAN