Career Technical

Module 3 Education at Abu Dhabi

Polytechnic

*ADPoly is a post-secondary unit of the Institute of Applied Technology

EMET 2001  Health Safety & Environment

Section 1
Management of international health and safety
 Health & Safety Management Systems
– Organising
2 Module 3
 Module 3: Health & Safety Management
Systems – Organising
3
Learning Outcomes
On completion of this module, student should be able to:
1. Explain the concept of health and safety culture and its
significance in the management of health and safety in an
organisation
2. Outline the human factors which influence behaviour at work
in a way that can affect health and safety
3. Explain how health and safety behaviour at work can be
improved
4. Outline the requirements for, and effective provision of, first aid
in the workplace
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The concept and significance of H&S Culture

Definition of health and safety culture :

Health and Safety Culture can be defined as: the shared

attitudes, values, beliefs and behaviours of an organisation in
terms of how they manage health and safety.

The four C’s of a positive health and safety culture are:

 Competence
 Control
 Co-operation
 Communication
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The concept and significance of H&S Culture

Factors which could result in the deterioration of health and safety
culture in an organisation include:

1. Lack of leadership from management

2. Lack of management commitment to safety
3. Presence of blame culture
4. Health and safety receiving lower priority than other
business issues
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The concept and significance of H&S Culture

5. High staff turnover rate

6. Lack of resources, e.g. too few workers due to
downsizing
7. Lack of communication and workers consultation
8. Interpersonal issues, e.g. peer group pressure, bullying
or harassment
9. Lack of training
10. Poor risk assessment and control
11. External influences, e.g. economic climate
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Health & Safety Culture

Positive
Positive H&S Culture:

 Health and safety is seen as important

 Strong policy and clear leadership
 Everyone works safely because they want to
 Clear link between culture and performance

What if one person does not share this view?

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Health & Safety Culture

Negative H&S Culture:

 Health and safety is seen as unimportant

 Poor policy and weak leadership
 No-one works safely –no supervision
 Clear link between poor standards and poor behaviour

What if one person does not share this view?

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Factors Influencing Safety Related Behaviour

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Organisational Factors

Resources
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Group activity

Name four factors at organizational level that affect

Health and Safety culture.
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Job Factors

Ergonomics: The study of the way people interact with equipment in their
working environment with the objective of improving their comfort, safety
and productivity
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The Individual - Personal Factors
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Attitude
Attitude “is a person’s point of view or way of looking at
something; how they think and feel about it”

Competence
Competence is a combination of skills, knowledge, experience
and training that brings a person to a level where they are able to
perform to a acceptable standard and they are aware of their
own limitation

A Competent person is a person who has sufficient skills,

knowledge, experience and training to be able to carry out his
work correctly and safely without risk to health (with knowing their
limit)
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Perception

Perception can be defined as the way that a person interprets

information detected by their senses.

Motivation

Motivation can be defined as a person’s drive toward a goal

or the force which stimulates an individual to do something.
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How to improve health & safety in an organization

 Demonstrations of management commitment

 Leading by example / by leadership
 Training – skills to work safely
 Learning from the past incidents
 Providing competent workers
 Good Communication and consultation with workers
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Effective Communication

Communication can be defined as the process of delivering

information from a sender to a recipient

There are 3 forms of communication

(How to get the message across)

 Verbal communication
 Written communication
 Graphic communication
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Verbal communication

Used for simple pieces of

information or instruction

Communication using spoken

word, e.g. face-to-face
conversation, meetings,
interviews, training session…etc.
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Written communication

Communication using the written words, e.g.

 Employer handbooks
 Safety messages
 Memos
 Emails
 Reports
 Minutes of meetings
 Noticeboards
 Signage
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Graphic Communication

Communication using the following:

 Drawings/pictures
 Photographs
 Signage
– Prohibition
– Mandatory
– Safe condition
– Hazard warning
 Posters
 DVD /videos
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Broadcasting Methods

There are various ways of broadcasting health and safety

information using the 3 forms of Communication:

1. Noticeboards
2. Posters and videos
3. Toolbox talk
4. Memos and e-mails
5. Workers handbooks
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Health and Safety Noticeboard Contents

 Policy statement
 First aid arrangements
 Emergency evacuation and fire procedures
 Minutes of last H&S committee meeting
 Health and safety performance targets
 Employers Liability Insurance Certificate
 Emergency contact numbers
 Training opportunities
 Accident statistics
 Health and safety inspection report
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Emergency procedures

An organisation has to develop an emergency procedures to deal

with foreseeable incidents, such as:

 Fire
 Earthquake
 Bomb threat
 Spillage of a hazardous chemicals
 Release of a toxic gas
 Severe weather or flooding
 Medical emergency
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Emergency procedures

Factors to be considered when we develop an emergency

procedures to deal with foreseeable incidents :

 procedures to be followed
 Provision of suitable equipment
 Nomination of responsible staff
 Provision of training and information
 Drill and exercises
 Contacting the emergency services
 Communication equipment (land-line or mobile
 Contact details like local emergency numbers
 Responsible person to call
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First Aid requirement in workplace
The role of First Aid:

First aid is the immediate and temporary care given to the victim
of an accident until service of a qualified medical can be obtained.

The main functions of first aid are:

1. Preserving life
2. Minimizing the consequences of an injury until medical help is
obtained
3. Treatment of minor injuries which would nit receive or do not
need medical attention
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First Aid requirement in workplace

First Aider is a person who has been trained to do first aid

appropriate to hazard of
Workplace, and provide limited treatment which may include:

1. Prevent any serious loss of blood

2. Maintain breathing
3. Attend to burns or scalds
4. Prevent shock / keep victim calm.
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Factors affecting provision of first aid / first aider:

The level of First Aid provision required should be

determined following a risk assessment, and the factors that
the employer must consider are:

1. Nature of the work (hazards and previous accident history)

2. The size of the company or organization
3. Shift work and employees distribution / number of employees /
contractors, visitors
4. The response time of the emergency service (the distance)
5. Inexperienced workers or workers with disabilities