Arrange me!

 PEMOT - TEMPO
 SCYDANIM - DYNAMICS
 THYRHM - RHYTHM
 MODELY - MELODY
 TRIBEM - TIMBRE
 YNOMRAH - HARMONY
 EXTRUET - TEXTURE
 ELEMENTS OF MUSIC
1. TEMPO is the speed of a given
piece. (largo, adagio, andante, allegro, presto)
 ELEMENTS OF MUSIC
2. DYNAMICS is the volume of a
piece. (soft, medium and loud)
 ELEMENTS OF MUSIC
3. RHYTHM is the pattern of regular
or irregular pulses
 ELEMENTS OF MUSIC
4. MELODY is a series of pitches
that form a tune
 ELEMENTS OF MUSIC
5. TIMBRE is the tone or unique
quality of a sound
 ELEMENTS OF MUSIC

6. HARMONY the sound of two or

more notes heard simultaneously
 ELEMENTS OF MUSIC
7. TEXTURE refers to different
layers of a piece
 Monophony – single melodic line
 Polyphony – two or more melodic lines
 Homophony – main melodic line is
supported by one or more additional
musical lines
 ELEMENTS OF MUSIC
7. TEXTURE
 Music of the
MEDIEVAL,
RENAISSANCE and
BAROQUE Period
MEDIEVAL PERIOD (700-1400)
 MEDIEVAL PERIOD (700-1400)
 Also known as “Middle Ages” or “Dark Ages”
 no scientific accomplishments had been made,
no great art produced, no great leaders born
 Christian Church influenced Europe’s culture
and political affairs (no single state or government united the
people who lived on the European continent, the Catholic Church
became the most powerful institution)
 Forms of Medieval Music
1. Sacred Music -is a type of music that is
performed or composed for religious use or
through religious influence

 Gregorian Chant: is a monophonic, liturgical

music of the Roman Catholic Church, named
after Pope Gregory I
 Characteristics of Gregorian Chant
 monophonic
 Free meter
 Modal
 Based on Latin Liturgy
 Used Neume notation
 Forms of Medieval Music
2. Secular Music -is music that is intended for a
non-religious audience

 Troubadour Music: is the most prominent

secular music of the Medieval period was
performed by troubadours and trouvères.
Troubadours were traveling musicians.
Characteristics of Troubadour Music

 Usually monophonic
 Sometimes with improvised accompaniment
 Chivalry and courtly love
 Originated in France
 Written in French
 Famous Composer
of the Medieval Period
 Adam de la Halle was the oldest
French poet-composer

musical works include:

- chansons and jeux-partis
(poetic debates)
- Jeu de Robin et Marion musical
play
 Individual Quiz
1. When was the Medieval Era?
A. 1492 C. 400-1400
B. 500-1000 D. 1600-150

2. Medieval Period is also known as?

A. Dark Age C. Golden Age
B. Stone Age D. Ice Age
3. What does secular mean?
A. non-religious C. religious
B. being patriotic D. popular song
4. Secular music became popular largely due to?
A. Troubadours and trouveres
B. Christopher Columbus
C. monks and nuns
D. Jali and Priests
5. It is a type of music that is performed or
composed for religious use .
A. Secular C. Troubadour Music
B. Sacred D. Gregorian Chant
6. Troubadour music originated in France and
is written in French.
7. Aristocrats influenced Europe’s culture and
political affairs during Medieval Period.
8. There were no significant event occurred
during Medieval Period.

9. Gregorian Chant was named after Pope

Gregory II.
10. Troubadour Music is the most prominent
secular music of the Medieval period.
RENAISSANCE PERIOD (1400-1600)
 RENAISSANCE PERIOD (1400-1600)
 Comes from the word “renaitre” which means
rebirth, rediscovery, revival

 The influence of the Roman Catholic Church

started to decline

 Secular music became prominent

 RENAISSANCE PERIOD (1400-1600)
Important persons and events:
- Nicolaus Copernicus, developed the theory
that the solar system was centered on the Sun
- William Shakespeare, considered the greatest
dramatist of all time
- the invention of such potentially powerful
innovations as paper, printing, the mariner’s
compass, and gunpowder
Characteristics of Renaissance Music

 Mostly polyphonic
 Imitation among voices is common
 Melodic lines move in a flowing manner
 Melodies are easier to perform
 Vocal Music of the Renaissance Period
1. Mass -is a form of sacred musical composition
that sets texts of Eucharistic Liturgy into music.
Characteristics of Mass:
- Polyphonic
- May be sung a capella
- Text may be: syllabic (one note to each syllable),
neumatic (few notes set to one syllable) or melismatic
(many notes to one syllable)
 Five Main Sections of Mass

1. Kyrie “Lord have mercy”

2. Gloria “Glory to God in the Highest”
3. Credo “Apostle’s Creed”
4. Sanctus and Benedictus “Blessed is He”
5. Agnus Dei “Lamb of God”
 Vocal Music of the Renaissance Period
2. Madrigal –is a secular vocal polyphonic music
composition expressed and sung in courtly social
gatherings.
Characteristics of Mass:
- Polyphonic
- Sung a capella
- Through-composed
- Frequently in 3 to 6 voices
 Famous Composer
of the Renaissance Period

 Giovanni Pierluigi da
Palestrina is the greatest
master of Roman Catholic
Church music

musical works include:

- Pope Marcellu’s Mass
 Famous Composer
of the Renaissance Period
 Thomas Morley is the
most famous composer of
secular music

musical works include:

- Fire, fire, my heart
- April is in my mistress’ face
 Individual Quiz
1. The Renaissance Music Period covers the
time from 1400 – 1800.
2. Renaissance period was considered as the
period of transition and development.
3. Renaissance music is mostly homophonic
in texture.
4. Secular music became unimportant in the
Renaissance Period.

5. William Shakespeare, was considered the

greatest dramatist of all time.

6. Mass, Chorale and Madrigal were the musical

forms that emerged during Renaissance.
7. Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina is the greatest
master of Roman Catholic Church music.
8. Thomas Morley is the most famous composer of
sacred music.
9. Fire, Fire, My Heart is one of the important
works of Thomas Morley.
10. Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina is the composer
behind the famous Pope Marcellu’s Mass.
BAROQUE PERIOD (1685-1750)
 BAROQUE PERIOD (1685-1750)
 Baroque is derived from the Portuguese word
barroco which means “pearl of irregular shape”

 Music and arts highlighted grandiose and

elaborate ornamentation

 New instrumental techniques and changes in

musical notation were developed
 Characteristics of Baroque Music

 Melodies sound elaborate and ornamental

 Melodies are not easy to sing
 Primarily contrapuntal texture
 Dynamic contrast – alteration between loud
and soft
 Forms of Baroque Music

1. Concerto – a form
of orchestral music
that employs a solo
instrument
accompanied by an
orchestra
 Forms of Baroque Music

2. Concerto Grosso – a
form of orchestral music
wherein the music is
between a small group
of solo instruments
called concertino and
the whole orchestra
called tutti.
 Forms of Baroque Music
3. Fugue – is a
contrapuntal piece
developed mainly by
imitative counterpoint.
A fugue usually has three
sections:
–exposition
–development
– recapitulation
 Forms of Baroque Music
4. Oratorio – a large-
scale musical
composition on a sacred
subject, for solo voices,
chorus, and orchestra.

Usually based on
scripture, and the
narration.
 Forms of Baroque Music

5. Chorale – is a musical
composition that
resemble a harmonized
version of hymnal tune
 Famous Composer
of the Baroque Period
 Johann Sebastian Bach was
known for his compositions for
organ, orchestra and oratorio.
musical works include:
- Brandenburg Concertos
(concerto grosso)
- Mass in B minor
- Cantata 208 and 211
- Fugue in G minor
 Famous Composer
of the Baroque Period
 Antonio Vivaldi was known as
“The Red Priest”, a Catholic priest
and a virtuoso violinist.

musical works include:

- The Four Seasons - consist of 4 violin
concerti depicting each of the season,
“Spring”, “Summer”, “Autumn”, and
“Winter”
 Famous Composer
of the Baroque Period
 George Friedrich Handel
- played harpsichord despite his
father’s opposition
- England’s favorite composer
- lost both his eyesight
musical works include:
- “The Messiah” – most famous creation,
“Hallelujah” well known chorus part
- “Samson” an oratorio