Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Oral Communication Lesson 1
Oral Communication Lesson 1
Simple Definition of communication. :
the act or process of using words,
sounds, signs, or behaviors to express
or exchange information or to express
your ideas, thoughts, feelings, etc., to
someone else. : a message that is given
to someone : a letter, telephone call,
etc.
Copyright ©2005 by South-Western, a division of Thomson Learning. All rights reserved.
Communication
Communication
/ / / /
/
/
Communicator /
/
/
/
Receiver /
/
Event
/
/
/
/ Message /
/
/
/
X
/
/
/
/ • Context /
/
/
/
/
/
/
/ • Affect /
/
/
/
Affirm contact
simple directions
Fast but often less
Expressive speaking
Empathetic listening
Persuasive leadership
Sensitivity to feelings
Informative management
Barriers to Communication
Communication
Physical separation
Barriers -
factors that block Status differences
or significantly Gender differences
distort successful Cultural diversity
communication Language
Defensive Communication
communication breakdowns
alienation
retaliatory behaviors
nonproductive efforts
Nondefensive Communication -
communication that is assertive, direct,
& powerful
Provides
basis for defense when attacked
effectiveness
Two Defensiveness Patterns
Subordinate Defensiveness -
characterized by passive,
submissive, withdrawing
behavior
Dominant Defensiveness -
characterized by active,
aggressive, attacking behavior
Nondefensive Communication:
A Powerful Tool
Speaker seen as centered, assertive, controlled,
informative, realistic, and honest
Speaker exhibits self-control & self possession
Listener feels accepted rather than rejected
Catherine Crier’s rules to nondefensive communication
1. Define the situation
2. Clarify the person’s position
3. Acknowledge the person’s feelings
4. Bring the focus back to the facts
Proxemics: Territorial Space
b = personal 1.5-4’
c = social 4-12’ a
b
c
d = public >12’ d
Proxemics: Seating Dynamics
X O X O
Non-
Competition
Communication
O
Examples of
Decoding Nonverbal Cues
He’s
unapproachable!
He’s angry! I’ll
stay out of
his way!
Boss breathes
Boss fails to acknowledge heavily &
employee’s greeting waves arms
No eye contact
while
communicating
Manager sighs deeply
SOURCE: Adapted from “Steps to Better Listening” by C. Hamilton and B. H. Kleiner. Copyright © February 1987. Reprinted with permission, Personnel Journal, all rights
New Technologies
for Communication
Informational databases
Electronic mail systems
Voice mail systems
Fax machine systems
Cellular phone systems
How Do New Technologies
Affect Behavior?
Is the Regularly
message disconnect
really from the
necessary? technology
Provide
Don’t
Strive for Build in assume
social
message feedback immediate
interaction
completeness opportunities opportunities
response