Behaviorism

Presenter: PRINCESS P. ATIENZA

 OVERVIEW
• History
• Definition
• Contributions of Watson, Pavlov, and Skinner to
the metaphysics of behaviorism
• Implications of Behaviorism for Education,
Curriculum and Instruction
• Summary
HISTORY OF BEHAVIORISM
⚫ Formally founded by John B.
W atson in 1913.

⚫ 19thCentury: Similar
views as psychoanalytic and
Gestalt movements in
psychology.

⚫ 20th
Century: Result of
cognitive revolution.

⚫ 21stCentury: "behavior
analysis," is a thriving field. 4
DEFINITION OF BEHAVIORISM
⚫ The study of observable and measurable behavior (Lucas
& Corpuz, 2014.

⚫ A theory of learning based on the idea that all

behaviors are acquired through conditioning.

⚫  Isa systematic approach to understanding the

behavior of humans and other animals.
(Wikipedia)

Stimulus Respons Repetition Behavioristi

e c
Learning
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 PHILOSOPHY

• Behaviorism focuses on the idea that all

behaviors are learned through interaction
with the environment. This learning theory
states that behaviors are learned from the
environment, and says that innate or inherited
factors have very little influence on behavior.
• “Tabula rasa”-our mind is blank slate the
moment we are born.
 BEHAVIORISM
THEORISTS
Ivan Pavlov
-Founder of classical conditioning; unconditioned stimulus
causes unconditioned response

John B.W atson

- C oined the term “behaviorism”
-Studied how a certain stimuli led organisms to
make responses
-Believed psychology was only an objective observation
of behavior

B.F. Skinner
-Radical Behaviorism: proposed that all action is
determined at not free
-Operant Response: behavior that control the rate at
which specific consequences occur

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CONTRIBUTION OF JHON B. WATSON
TO THE METAPHYSICS OF
BEHAVIORISM
• Jhon B. Watson
• American Psychologists
• Born: Jan. 9, 1878
• Founder of Behaviorism
• Methodological Behaviorism
• Little Albert experiments
 FACTORS FOR “ LITTLE ALBERT
EXPERIMENT”

• Neutral stimulus- The white rat

• Unconditioned stimulus- The loud noise
• Unconditioned response- Fear
• Conditioned response- The white rat
• Conditioned stimulus- Fear
LITTLE ALBERT EXPERIMENTS
 IVAN PAVLOV

• Ivan Petrovich Pavlov

• Russian Psychologist
• Born: September 26, 1849,
in Rayzan Russia
• Classical Conditioning
 CLASSICAL CONDITIONING

• Is a type of unconscious
or automatic learning.
This learning process
creates a conditioned
response through
associations between an
unconditioned stimulus and
a neutral stimulus.
CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
 FOUR FACTORS OF CLASSICAL
CONDITIONING

1. Unconditioned response-An event that consistently and

automatically elicits an unconditioned response
2. Unconditioned stimulus-An action that the unconditioned
stimulus automatically elicits
3. Conditioned response- Initially a neutral stimulus. After
repeated pairings with the unconditioned stimulus, the CS
elicits the same response as the US
4. Conditioned stimulus- Initially a neutral stimulus. After
repeated pairings with the unconditioned stimulus, the CS
elicits the same response as the US
CLASSROOM SETTING
 B.F SKINNER

• Burrhus Frederick Skinner

(B.F Skinner)
• American Psychologist
• Born: March 20, 1904
• Operant Conditioning
(Rewards & Punishment)
• Skinner Box
•
 OPERANT
CONDITIONING
Specific consequences are associated with a
voluntary behavior
Rewards introduced Punishment introduced
to increase a to increase a
behavior behavior
 TYPES OF REINFORCEMENT

1. Positive Reinforcement- A behavior or response

strengthened by rewards leading to the repetition of
desired behavior.
Ex. Rat pressing lever and getting food as a reward.

2. Negative Reinforcement- Termination/ removal of

unpleasant situation by doing an action.
Ex. Rat learning to press lever to remove or turn off the
electric current.
3. Punishment- Adding something negative to
discourage undesirable behavior.

Positive Punishment: A student gets detention after

being late for class too many times.

Negative Punishment: The teacher moves a student

away from her friend because she was talking
during a test
 IMPLICATIONS OF BEHAVIORISM
FOR THE GOALS OF EDUCATION,
CURRICULUM AND INSTRUCTIONS
WHAT DOES BEHAVIORISM LOOK LIKE IN
THE CLASSROOM?

Behaviorism can also

be thought of as a
form of classroom
management
Instructional Implications of Behaviorism
BEHAVIORISTS TEACHING STRATEGIES

1. Drills-use drill patterns.

2. Question and Answer-Questions as a stimulus and answer as
response.
3. Guided Practice-directly involve in helping students.
4. Regular Review- going back over will help student retain
information.
5. Positive Reinforcement-this can be in the form of rewards
system and many more.
 Implications of Behaviorism in the Curriculum and
Education

 Key to learning is to condition the child in early years in life to train

them what you want them to be.

 People learn through observation and modeling

 Direct instruction, practice and drill, monitoring students and
prompt feedback .
 Behaviorist techniques have long been employed in
education to promote behavior that is desirable and
discourage which is not desirable.
 SUMMARY
 Behaviorism is a theory of learning.
 Behaviorism can taught as a form of
classroom management
 Key to learning is to condition the child’s
mind at early stage.
 Watson-Classical Behaviorism
 Pavlov-Classical Conditioning
 Skinner-Operant Conditioning.

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 Thank you
For listening..
 REFERENCES:
⚫ http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Behaviorism#The_fou
nders_of_behaviorism
⚫ psychology.about.com
⚫ What is Behaviourism and How to Use it in the Classroom.
2020. Retrieved May 13, 2022 from
https://blog.teamsatchel.com/what-is-behaviourism-and-how-to
-use-it-in-the-classroom
⚫ http://www.ksrealitybites.com/2011/07/chocolate-sweets-prevent-
obesity-among.html
⚫ http://www.sil.org/lingualinks/literacy/implementaliteracyprogram/b
ehavioristtheoriesoflearning.htm
⚫ Wikipedia.org
⚫ http://private-math-tutor.com/wp/algebra-2-practice/

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