Week 1

Completing Analogy
This lesson deals with developing critical thinking by analyzing and
completing analogy. This also includes deeper appreciation of
patterns in terms of words and pictures.
You are expected to:
◦ identify analogy and its basic types
◦ supply words or expressions that complete an
analogy
◦ write an example of analogy
◦ decide on the various benefits of seeing
connections between words, terms, and concepts
Analogy
An analogy shows the relationships between words.
It states the likeness between two things that are
otherwise unlike.
Analogies may enable one to learn new words by
recognizing the relationship between words.
English : language :: Mathematics : arithmetic
The colon (:) is used to split the analogy into two
parts. Keep in mind that the first set of words
presents a relationship that is the same or alike
as the second set of words. One possible way to
read or verbalize an analogy is like this example:

English is to language as Mathematics is to Arithmetic.

Types of Analogy
a. Synonyms – words possessing the same meaning

happy: joyful :: pretty: cute

b. Antonym – words opposite to each other in terms
of meaning

huge: tiny :: hot: cold

c. Part and whole – where several objects comprise
or make up a group

heart: circulatory :: lungs: respiratory

d. Characteristics – mostly comprises descriptions of
items

smart: teacher :: board eraser: dusty

f. Function – shows what a certain object is for or
explains its use

keyboard: type :: stove: cook

e. Cause and Effect – showing cause-and-effect
relationship

study: graduate :: hard work: success

Your turn!
1. ______ : trail :: grain : grail
a. train
b. path
c. wheat
d. holy
2. ______ : horse :: board : train
a. stable
b. shoe
c. ride
d. mount
3. son : nuclear :: ______ : extended
a. father
b. mother
c. cousin
d. daughters
4. ______ : marsupial :: monkey : primate
a. kangaroo
b. ape
c. honeybee
d. moose
5. rotation : earth :: ______ : top
a. planet
b. spinning
c. sun
d. expanding
6. Argentina : Brazil :: ______ : Iran
a. Canada
b. Iraq
c. Ireland
d. Mexico
7. mouse : ______ :: flash : camera
a. rat
b. computer
c. cord
d. dessert
8. pharaoh : dynasty :: ______ : democracy
a. government
b. election
c. president
d. Canada
9. rook : chess :: ______ : badminton
a. grass
b. tennis
c. shuttlecock
d. swing
10. ______ : wrist :: belt : waist
a. arm
b. hand
c. bend
d. bracelet
 Module Time!
Answer Learning Tasks 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6.