Square and Square Root

MMM….(mastering mental math)

If a = 8 , b = 4 and c = 2 find the value of :

c 2 4b2 ac
3a 12
21 1 -7

ab – 2c c(b – a) (3a)2
26 2 225

4bc
a –3b
2 (5b3 – ac)
a 9.6 1 144 900
7
Recollect
Can you add without adding?

1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 + 11 + 13 + 15 + 17 + 19 + 21
WALT
Find square and square root of a given number
is it forming a square?
What is the relation?
Squared Array
Perfect Squares
& Square root
 Rules & Properties
Property of unit digit of a square number.

1) 12 1 x 1 = 1 & 9 x 9 = 81
If a number has 1 or 9 in the unit’s place,
2) 92 Then it’s square ends with 1.

3) 22 2 x 2 = 4 & 8 x 8 = 64
If a number has 2 or 8 in the unit’s place,
4) 82 Then it’s square ends with 4.
 Rules & Properties
Property of unit digit of a square number.

5) 32 3 x 3 = 9 & 7 x 7 = 49
If a number has 3 or 7 in the unit’s place,
6) 72 Then it’s square ends with 9.

7) 42 4 x 4 = 16 & 6 x 6 = 36
If a number has 4 or 6 in the unit’s place,
8) 62 Then it’s square ends with 6.
Product of two consecutive even or odd natural numbers

11 × 13 = 143 = 122 – 1
Also 11 × 13 = (12 – 1) × (12 + 1)
Therefore, 11 × 13 = (12 – 1) × (12 + 1) = 122 – 1
Similarly,
13 × 15 = (14 – 1) × (14 + 1) = 142 – 1
29 × 31 = (30 – 1) × (30 + 1) = 302 – 1
44 × 46 = (45 – 1) × (45 + 1) = 452 – 1
So in general we can say that (a + 1) × (a – 1) = a2 – 1.
Can we say whether the following numbers
are perfect squares? How do we know?
(i) 1057

(ii) 23453

(iii) 7928

(iv) 222222

(v) 1069 Try these

Which of 1232 , 772 , 822 ,
(vi) 2061 1612 , 1092 would end with
digit 1?
Find the perfect square numbers between
(i) 30 and 40

(ii) 50 and 60
Can you guess ? Square root of ?
=?

100 169 400

102 132 202
13 x 13
Can you guess ? Square root of ?
=?
Even and odd squares
If a number is odd so it’s square is also odd, if a number is even
so it’s square is also even.

Example: 1) 16 = 42 ( Even )
2) 25 = 52 ( Odd )
3) 121 = 112 ( Odd )
4) 144 = 122 ( Even )
5) 49 = 72 ( Odd )
 Adding odd numbers
If the sum of numbers are in consecutive from 1
and odd so the square root of these numbers
is number of observation.

Example: 1) 1+3+5+7+9+11+13 = 72

2) 1+3+5+7+9+11+13+15+17 = 92

3) 1+3+5+7+9+11+13+15+17+19+21+23 = 122
 Odd number of zeros
If a number ends with odd number of zeros then
it is not a perfect square.

Example: 1) 30 = Not perfect

2) 5000 square
3) = Not perfect square
400000 = Not perfect square
4) 100 = Perfect square
5) 60000 = Perfect square
 Zeros in the square number
If a number contain 1 zero at the end, so 2 zeros
will have its square. It means the number
contains zeros will double zeros of its square.

Example: 1) 302 = 2 zeros

2) 50002 = 6 zeros
3) 4002 = 4 zeros
4) 100002 = 8 zeros
5) 6000002 = 10 zeros
Numbers between square numbers
We can find some numbers between two
consecutive square numbers.By finding the
square numbers of any two number.

Between 12 (=1) and 22 (=4)

there are two non square numbers = 2, 3.

Between 22 (=4) and 32 (=9)

there are four non square numbers. = 5, 6, 7, 8, 9.
 Non square numbers

The non square numbers which is 1 less than

the difference of two consecutive squares.
(n - 1) – n

Example: 1) 9 (=32) and 16 (=42) = (16 - 1) – 9 = 6

2) 16 (=42) and 25 (=52) = (25 - 1) – 16 = 8
3) 25 (=52) and 36 (=62) = (36 - 1) – 25 = 10
4) 36 (=32) and 49 (=72) = (49 - 1) – 36 = 12
5) 49 (=72) and 64 (=82) = (64 - 1) – 49 = 14
Patterns in squares
Consider the following pattern:
252 = 625 = (2 × 3) hundreds + 25
352 = 1225 = (3 × 4) hundreds + 25
752 = 5625 = (7 × 8) hundreds + 25
1252 = 15625 = (12 × 13) hundreds + 25

Now can you find the square of 95?

Finding square of a number using identities
Finding square of a number using identities
(a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2
1. 712
   (70 + 1)2     = (70)2 + 2 × 70 × 1 + (1)2
                             
= 4900 + 140 + 1
  using (a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2

= 5041

1. 822
  
 
Pythagorean Triplet
 Pythagorean Triplet
Hy
po Suppose
te nu
se 3cm, 4 cm, 5cm

a2 + b2 = c2
3 2 + 42 = 5 2
9 + 16 = 25
25 = 25
Can you find the missing values?
 Pythagorean Triplet
Hy
po Suppose
te nu
se 8cm, 6 cm, 10cm

a2 + b2 = c2
62 + 82 = 102
36 + 64 = 100
100 = 100
Lets Solve
1. Find a Pythagorean triplet in which one member is 12.

2m , m2 – 1, m2 + 1

12
Lets Solve
1. Find a Pythagorean triplet in which one member is 14.

2m , m2 – 1, m2 + 1
Finding square root through repeated
subtraction
Finding square root through repeated
subtraction
Consider 81 . Then,
81 – 1 = 80
(ii) 80 – 3 = 77
(iii) 77 – 5 = 72
(iv) 72 – 7 = 65
(v) 65 – 9 = 56
(vi) 56 – 11 = 45
(vii) 45 – 13 = 32
(viii) 32 – 15 = 17
(ix) 17 – 17From
= 0 81 we have subtracted successive odd numbers starting from 1 and obtained 0 at 9th step.
Therefore square root of 81 = 9.
Square root of 324
the prime factorisation of 324 is 324 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3

By pairing the prime factors, we get

324 =2×2×3×3×3×3
= 22 × 32 × 32
= (2 × 3 × 3)2

So, 324 = 2 × 3 × 3 = 18
Similarly can you find the square root of 256?
Pascal Triangle
Square root of each of the following number
by division method.
784 - Marking periods and using the long-division method,
Square root of each of the following number
by division method.
5329 - Marking periods and using the long-division method,
Find the number of digits in the square root of each of the
following numbers (without any calculation)
(i) 64

We know that if n is number of digits in a square number then

Number of digits in the square root =  if n is even and   if n is odd.
(i) 64

Here n = 2 (even)
Number of digits in √64 =   = 1
Find the number of digits in the square root of each of the
following numbers (without any calculation)
(i) 144

We know that if n is number of digits in a square number then

Number of digits in the square root =  if n is even and   if n is odd.
(i) 144

Here n = 3 (odd)
Number of digits in √64 =   = 2
Find the square root of the following decimal
numbers.
(i) 2.56
Find the square root of the following decimal
numbers.
(ii) 7.29
Find the least number which must be added to each of the following numbers so as to get
a perfect square. Also, find the square root of the perfect square so obtained.
Tasksheet