PRAYER

LEARNING
COMPETENCY
The learners will be able to:
• Illustrate situations that involve the
following variations:
a) direct variation b) inverse c) joint
variation d) combined. M9AL-IIa-1
 WHAT IS
VARIATION?
It is defined by any
change in some
quantity due to change
in another.
TYPES OF VARIATION
DIRECT
INVERSE/
INDIRECT
JOINT
COMBINED
YPES OF VARIATION
DIRECT VARIATION
- is a relationship between two quantities, x and
y, where, as x increases y also increases or as
y decreases, x also decreases and the ratio
between them is constant or the same for all
given values of the variables.

- y=kx
Example of Direct Variation
1. The salary (s) of the worker is directly
proportional to the hours (h) he worked.
hours (h) salary (s)
independent dependent
“ As the number of hours increases, the
salary also increases”
Equation: s = kh
INDIRECT/INVERSE VARIATION
- Inverse variation involves a relation
of two quantities, x and y, where in,
as x increases y decreases, or when
y increases x decreases and that
their product remains constant.
- y = k/x
 Variation
2. “The length of the rectangle varies inversely
to its width.”
Width (w) length (l)
independent dependent

“ As the width increases, the length decreases

Equation: L = k/w
JOINT VARIATION
It is a type of variation in
which one variable varies
directly to the product of two
or more variables.
y = kxz
 Example of Joint
Variation
3. The volume(v) of the box is equal to the
product of length(l), width(w) and height(h).
length, width
volume
and height
dependent
independent
“ As the length, width and height increases, there will be
an increase in the volume of the box”
Equation:V = klwh
COMBINED VARIATION
describes a relationship where a
variable depends on two or more
other variables, varies directly with
some of them and inversely with
others.
Example of Combined Variation
4. The time(t) varies directly to the distance(d)
and inversely to the speed(s). It is combined
variation.
distance, speed time
independent dependent
“ As the distance increases and the speed
decreases, the time increases”
Equation: t = kd/s
KEY PHRASES FOR EACH VARIATION
IT’S YOUR TURN!!!
Identify if it is direct, inverse, joint or combined variation

1. At constant temperature, the Volume (V)

of a gas varies inversely to the Pressure (P)

Inverse Variation
Identify if it is direct, inverse, joint or combined variation

2. Amount of interest; I = Prt

Joint Variation
Identify if it is direct, inverse, joint or combined variation

3. When the number of persons working on

a certain amount of work increases, the time
for them to finish that work decreases.

Inverse Variation
Identify if it is direct, inverse, joint or combined variation

4. The commission (C) of a salesman

varies directly to the amount of his
sales (S).

Direct Variation
Identify if it is direct, inverse, joint or combined variation

5. If x is directly proportional to y and

inversely proportional to z, what
happens to x

Combined Variation
 Identify the underlined word if it is independent or dependent
variable
Dependent
DIRECT 1. The diameter of a circle to its circumference.
DIRECT
dependent 2. The cost of a ball pen to the number of ball pen.
independent
INVERSE 3. The cost per person renting a private resort to
the number of persons sharing the rent.
Dependent
INVERSE 4. The number of days to repair a road to the
number of workers.
Independent
DIRECT 5. The area of a rectangle to its length and width
 Clues in writing the variation equation
2. Inverse

Dependent

 
constant

independent
 Clues in writing the variation equation
1. Joint

Dependent

y =kxz xz : independent

constant
 Clues in writing the variation equation
4. Combined

Dependent

 
k : constant

independent
WRITE THE VARIATION EQUATION IN EACH STATEMENT

1. The cost (c) of a ball pen is directly

proportional to the number (n) of ball pen.

c = kn
WRITE THE VARIATION EQUATION IN EACH STATEMENT

2. The cost (c) per person renting a

private resort is inversely proportional
to the number (n) of persons sharing
the rent.

 
WRITE THE VARIATION EQUATION IN EACH STATEMENT

3. The weight of an object on Earth(E)

varies directly as the weight of the same
object on the moon(m)

E= km
WRITE THE VARIATION EQUATION IN EACH STATEMENT

4. The volume (v) of a cone varies jointly as its

height(h) and the square of its radius(r)

v= khr2
WRITE THE VARIATION EQUATION IN EACH STATEMENT

5. The electrical resistance(r) of a wire varies

directly as its length(l) and inversely as the square
of its diameter(d). 
 
 Illustrating
Direct Variation
“The total cost (c) paid varies directly
to the number of oranges (n) bought”
or “The total cost paid is directly
proportional to the number of oranges
bought”. In mathematical symbols, we
write c = kn, where k is called the
constant of variation or constant of
proportionality.
 DIRECT VARIATION
- is a relationship between two quantities, x
and y, where, as x increases y also
increases or as y decreases, x also
decreases and the ratio between them is
constant or the same for all given values
of the variables.
- y = k x or k =
Clues in writing the variation equation
1. Direct Variation

Dependent

y = kx Independent

constant
Examples:
Identify the constant of variation.

1. y = 5x
2. C = 2
3. w =
For Practice:
A
C

B
D