Basics on

Family
Planning
Prepared by:
Jaim Mariant M. Jucom, R.N.
 Objectives
By the end of this lecture, the participants will be able to:

1. Realize the importance of Family Planning in improving

pregnancy planning and preventing unexpected pregnancies.
2. Correct misconceptions regarding the different methods of
contraception
3. Make an informed choice regarding the method most suitable for
them
Some basic
concepts:

MENSTRUATION
Some basic
concepts:

PREGNANCY
 Stages of Pregnancy

First Trimester Second Trimester Third Trimester

● Start a healthy eating ● You can find out your ● You may feel the
plan baby’s sex via baby move more
● Stop smoking or drinking ultrasound often
alcohol ● You may experience ● You may experience
● You may experience more frequent constipation
nausea, breast urination and back ● You may experience
tenderness or tiredness pains swelling in your feet
● Attend your first prenatal ● Start preparing your ● You may experience
visit birth plan Braxton-Hicks
Contraction
 What is Family Planning?
● planning intended to determine the number and spacing of
one's children through birth control (Merriam Webster
definition)

● allows people to attain their desired number of children and

determine the spacing of pregnancies. It is achieved through
use of contraceptive methods and the treatment of
infertility
 National Family Planning Program
Vision:
● All Filipino couples and individuals are exercising their reproductive
health rights to achieve their desired family size and participate actively in
the country’s socio-economic development activities that lead toward a
healthy and productive life.

Mission:
● In line with the Department of Health FOURmula One Plus strategy and
Universal Health Care framework, the Family Planning Program is
committed to provide responsive policy direction and ensure universal
access of Filipinos to correct information, medically safe, legal, non-
abortifacient, effective, and culturally acceptable modern family planning
(FP) methods.
 National Family Planning Program
Effects of poor family planning.
● Maternal mortality
● Unplanned pregnancies
● Unsafe abortions
● Modern families are failing to sustain the adequate needs of
their growing number of children,

The National Family Planning Program aims to ensure every Filipino

has a universal access to correct information, medically safe, legal,
non-abortifacient, effective, and culturally acceptable modern
family planning (FP) methods. Specifically, this program aims to to
increase the modern contraceptive prevalence rate (mCPR) to 30%
from 25% in 2017.
 Where to access Family Planning Services

● Hospitals
● Private Practitioners
● Primary Healthcare Facilities
○ City Health Office/Municipal Health Office
○ Barangay Health Services
 Family Planning Methods
Key facts
● Among the 1.9 billion Women of Reproductive Age group (15-49
years) worldwide in 2019, 1.1 billion have a need for family
planning; of these, 842 million are using contraceptive methods,
and 270 million have an unmet need for contraception
● Only one contraceptive method, condoms, can prevent both a
pregnancy and the transmission of sexually transmitted
infections, including HIV.
● Use of contraception advances the human right of people to
determine the number and spacing of their children.
 Mechanisms of action and effectiveness of
contraceptive methods

WHEN TO START
METHOD HOW IT WORKS AFTER EFFECTIVENESS
PREGNANCY
LAM
Immediately after
(Lactation Relies on full
birth until up to 6 Very effective with
Amenorrhea breastfeeding
months or until correct use, few
Method)
period returns side effects
Short Term
(Prolactin)
NATURAL
 Mechanisms of action and effectiveness of
contraceptive methods

METHOD HOW IT WORKS EFFECTIVENESS

The couple prevents

pregnancy by avoiding
unprotected vaginal sex
Calendar method or Less Effective, No side
during the 1st and last
rhythm method effects
estimated fertile days, by
abstaining or using a
condom.
 Mechanisms of action and effectiveness of
contraceptive methods

METHOD HOW IT WORKS EFFECTIVENESS

Forms a barrier to prevent

Barrier Method i.e. Very effective with careful
sperm and egg from
Condoms use, may have side-effects
meeting
 Mechanisms of action and effectiveness of
contraceptive methods

WHEN TO START
METHOD HOW IT WORKS AFTER EFFECTIVENESS
PREGNANCY
Prevents the release
of eggs from the From 6 months
Combined Oral Very effective with
ovaries (ovulation) after childbirth or
Contraceptives careful use, may
from 3 weeks if not
(COCs or Pills) have side-effects
Withdrawal bleeding breastfeeding
during pill-free days
 Mechanisms of action and effectiveness of
contraceptive methods

WHEN TO START
METHOD HOW IT WORKS AFTER EFFECTIVENESS
PREGNANCY
Thickens cervical
Progestogen Only From 6 months
mucous to block Very effective with
Injectables after childbirth or
sperm and egg from careful use, may
E.g. DMPA (Depo from 3 weeks if not
meeting and have side-effects
Provera) breastfeeding
prevents ovulation
 Mechanisms of action and effectiveness of
contraceptive methods

WHEN TO START
METHOD HOW IT WORKS AFTER EFFECTIVENESS
PREGNANCY
Copper component Insert within 2 days Always very
Intrauterine Device
damages sperm and of childbirth, or effective, long term
(IUD): Copper
prevents it from from 4 weeks after method but may
Containing
meeting the egg childbirth have side-effects
 Mechanisms of action and effectiveness of
contraceptive methods

WHEN TO START
METHOD HOW IT WORKS AFTER EFFECTIVENESS
PREGNANCY
Thickens cervical Insert within 2 days Always very
Intrauterine Device mucous to block of childbirth, or effective, long term
(IUD): Hormonal sperm and egg from from 4 weeks after method but may
meeting childbirth have side-effects
 Mechanisms of action and effectiveness of
contraceptive methods

WHEN TO
METHOD HOW IT WORKS START AFTER EFFECTIVENESS
PREGNANCY
Eggs are blocked from
meeting sperm
Always very
Female Perform within 7 effective,
a surgical procedure in
Sterilization days, or from 6 permanent
which the fallopian tubes are
(Tubal weeks after method, fewer
permanently blocked,
Ligation) childbirth side-effects
clipped or removed

No effect on menstrual cycle

 Mechanisms of action and effectiveness of
contraceptive methods

METHOD HOW IT WORKS EFFECTIVENESS

Keeps sperm out of

ejaculated semen
Male Sterilization
(Vasectomy) A surgery where the male Always very effective,
vasa deferentia are cut and permanent method, fewer
Newest procedure: No- tied or sealed so as to side-effects
scalpel vasectomy prevent sperm from entering
into the urethra