Present Tense

TENSES

Past Present Future

(masa lalu) (masa sekarang) (masa depan)
 Simple Present

 Daily activities (kehidupan sehari hari)

 Habitual action (kebiasaan)

 General truth (kebenaran umum)

 (+) Subject + Verb1 (s/es) + Object.

(-) Subject + do/ does + not + Verb1+ Object.

(?) Do/ does + Subject + Verb 1+ Object?

Note:

They

We
Tidak di ikuti - s/ es
I (-) do

You

Subjek jamak (lebih dari satu )

 She

 He Di ikuti s/ es

 It (-) does

 Subjek tunggal

 KATA YANG DIIKUTI (-es)

 -sh (wash)  washes

 -ch (watch)  watches

 - o (go) - goes

 Ss, z, x

 Y (study) studies
 Example:

a. (+) John washes a car.

(-) John does not wash a car.
(?) Does John wash a car?
b. (+) They play football.
(-) They do not play football.
(?) Do They play football?
 TIME SIGNAL
- Usually - Every
- Sometimes - After
- Never/ ever - Rarely/ Seldom
- Always
 Present Continous
 Menyatakan kegiatan yang sedang dilakukan sekarang.

(+) Subject + am, is, are + Verb ing + object.

(-) Subject + am, is, are + not +Verb ing + object.

(?) Subject + am, is, are + Verb ing + object?

Note :

I  am

They, we, you, subject jamak (lebih dari satu)  are

She, he, it, subject tunggal (satu)  is

 Example:

a. (+) I am reading novel.

(-) I am not reading novel.
(?) Am I reading novel?
b. (+) We are studying English.
(-) We are not studying English.
(?)Are We studying English?
c. (+) She is playing a doll.
(-) She is not playing a doll.
(?) Is She playing a doll?
 TIME SIGNAL
- Now - At this time
- Right now - At this moment
  
 Present Perfect
 Untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang baru saja selesai dilakukan dan masih terasa efeknya.

(+) Subject + have/ has + Verb 3+ Object.

(-) Subject+ have/ has + not + Verb 3 + Object.

(?) Have/ has + Subject + Verb 3 + Object?

Note:

Have : they, we, you, I, subjek jamak (lebih dari satu)

Has : she, he, it, subjek tunggal

a. (+) They have eaten a cake.
(-) They have not eaten a cake.
(?) Have They eaten a cake?
b. (+) She has studied Math.
(-) She has not studied Matha.
(?) Has She studied Math?
 TIME SIGNAL
- Just - Already
- Just now - yet (-,?)
 Present Perfect Continuous

 Untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang telah dimulai, dan masih berlangsung. Selain itu present perfect continuous
digunakan untuk menunjukkan berapa lama peristiwa tersebut berlangsung.

(+) Subject + have/ has + been + Verb ing + Object.

(-) Subject + have/ has + not + been + Verb ing + Object.

(?) have/ has + Subject+ Verb ing + Object ?

a. (+) They have been working for two hours.
(-) They have not been working for two hours.
(?) Have They been working for two hours?
b. (+) She has been playing tennis since she was eight.
(-) She has not been playing tennis since she was eight.
(?) Has She been playing tennis since she was eight?