FMC Subsea Drilling Systems

Family of Wellheads Overview

Danny Fish

Date
Agenda
• Introductions
• Safety Moment
• Quality Moment
• Rigs Typically Utilized to Drill Subsea Wells
• Key Rig Systems Utilized to Drill Subsea Wells
• Casing & Casing Programs
• Drilling the Well - Sequence Of Events
• What is a wellhead and why do we need it?
• UWD-15 Wellhead Equipment and tools
• Q&A

2
 Safety Moment
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
On average, about 170 people die a year from CO poisoning.

Symptons:
Headache Fatigue Shortness of breath
Nausea Dizziness

Few Tips for reducing the risk:

•Install a carbon monoxide detector
•Have appliances that use natural gas inspected by a qualified
repair person once a year.
•Inspect the vents, flues, and chimneys of all gas water heaters,
furnaces, and fireplaces to ensure proper ventilation of exhaust.
•Never use an oven to heat the house.
•Never sleep in a room heated by a gas or kerosene space heater
that does not have proper venting.
Visit Centerpointenergy.com for more information.
Quality Moment
The Rig and its Systems

5
The Modern Day Drilling Rig

Modern Day Drilling Rigs come in many different shapes, sizes and
configurations, each of which is designed to perform a specific function
However, all drilling rigs, whether in the deepest water or land still to
this day require and use 6 Key operating systems
1. Hoisting System
2. Power System
3. Circulating System
4. Rotating System
5. Compensation System
6. Blowout Prevention System

6
Offshore Jackup Rig

7
TLP – Tension Leg Platform

8
SPAR

9
Drill Ship

10
Semi Submersible Rigs

11
Drilling Rigs Land and Sea

• The modern day drilling rig has been adapted for many
different environmental conditions.
• Let’s discuss the drilling rigs operation and key features...

12
Key Components of a Drilling Rig
1 Crown Block
1

2 Derrick

3 Traveling Block and Hook

4 BOP and Wellhead

3 5 Drill Pipe

2 6 Choke and Kill Manifold

7 Accumulator / Closing Unit

5
8 Rig Floor / Rotary Table

8 9 Separator
9

4 6

13
Hoisting/Power System

• Hoisting system
– Used for lifting heavy loads –
Pipe, riser, casing
– Consists of a mechanical winch
(drawworks) with a large steel
cable spool, a block-and-tackle
pulley and a receiving storage
reel for the cable
• Power system
– large diesel engines provide the
main source of power
– Electrical generators - powered by
the diesel engines to provide electrical
power

14
Circulating System

• An elaborate and network of pumps, pits, lines, and other

auxiliary devices that are used to pump Drilling Mud into and
out of the well bore

15
Rotation System

• Most modern rigs use a “topdrive”

– One or more motors (electric or
hydraulic) connected with appropriate
gearing to a short section of pipe, that
in turn may be screwed into the
drillstring itself
– The topdrive is suspended from the
hook, so the rotary mechanism is free
to travel up and down the derrick

16
 Compensation System
• Riser Tensioners maintain constant
tension on riser / BOP

17
 Tensioning Assembly

BOP & Riser Riser Assembly

System

Annular Preventors
Can maintain seal around pipe while
rotating

Subsea BOP Assembly – Ram Preventors

BOP Connector
Subsea Wellhead

36” Conductor Housing

18
BOP & Riser System

• A typical BOP stack

consists of:
– A high pressure wellhead
connector
– 4 to 6 ram preventers
– Choke and kill side outlets
below each ram preventer
– High-pressure valves on all
choke and kill outlets
– High-pressure choke and
kill piping
– An annular preventer
– BOP mandrel
– BOP mounted accumulator
bottles

19
BOP & Riser System

Pipe Ram Annular Preventer

20
Wellhead and Casing Programs

21
What does a wellhead do?

• Contains the pressure of the wellbore

• Provides a suspension location for casing and pressure seals
• Provides interface with Blow Out Preventer, Tree, and Tubing
head; including testing and sealing

22
Casing

• Casing is run to protect fresh water formations, isolate a zone

of lost circulation or isolate formations with significantly
different pressure gradients
– Prevent cave in or washout of the hole
– Isolate from Lost circulation Zones
– Prevent contamination of freshwater sands by fluids from lower zones
– Confine production to the well bore
– Provide a means of controlling the well pressure
– Permit installation of artificial lift equipment from producing the well
– Provide a flow path for produced fluids
– Casing is typically cemented into position

23
Typical Terms used on a Drilling Schematic

MSL – Mean Seal Level

ML – MudLine
SS - Subsea
RKB – Rig Kelley Bushing a.k.a. RT - Rotary Table:
distance from MSL to the rotary table
MD – Measured Depth from RKB.
TVD – Total Vertical Depth from RKB
TVDSS – Total Vertical Depth Subsea = TVD – RKB
WD – Water Depth
BML – Depth Below Mudline
PP – Pore Pressure
FP – Fracture Pressure
WBM – Water Based Mud
SBM – Synthetic Based Mud
SW – Seawater
TOC – Top of Cement
TOL – Top of Liner
PPG – Pound Per Gallon
MW – Mud Weight

24
Typical Casing Program
OCS-G
API #
X=
Y=
AFE # LAT
M udline Location
FSL LONG
X: 2604817.10
FWL
Y: 9890273.70

Casing Design
Water Depth: 6828' Updated: 2003 September 29
RKB - M L = 6903'
Riser ID = 19.5"

38" 859# X60 H90D

36" 553# X52
28" 218# D60D-60
X52 DQ M ud T ype
Casing Depths Casing Hole
M ud Weight
T VD/M D Size
22" 214# X60 DQ S-90 Frac Gradient
BM L

7,080' TVD 36" 553# X56 XLW/XLC NA NA

(184' BML)
SW / WBM
8,235' TVD / MD 26" 169# X52 XLW 30" 8.6 ppg
(1,332' BML) T OC @ M L 9.6 ppg
8,385' Water Sand

T OL @ 8,900' 20" 169# X56 XLW (3 jts)

9,185' TVD / MD x 20" 133# X56 XLW 24" SW / WBM
(2,282' BML) T OC @ M L 9.3 ppg
9,335' Water Sand 10.5 ppg

SBM
9.5 ppg
10,250' TVD / MD 16" 84# N-80 H521 17" x 20" 11.2 ppg
(3,347' BML)
T OC @ T OL

SBM
13,500' TVD / 13,590' MD 13-5/8" 88.20# HCQ125 SLIJ II 14 1/2" x 17 1/2" 10.0-10.6 ppg
(6,597' TVD BML) T OC @ ~12,000' T VD 12.7 ppg

25
Hanging Casing

26
Casing vs. Tubing
• What is the difference between
Casing and Tubing?
• Casing
– Permanent fixture in a wellbore
– Typically cemented into place in the
well and is not removed
• Tubing
– Is a production or siphon string of
pipe that is ran into the well and can
easily be removed and replaced

27
 Casing Programs
H4 Mandrel
Gasket Area Profile

Internal Profile Wear Bushing

High Pressure Housing

Low Pressure Housing Packoff

Casing Hanger

Conductor Pipe
Drilling the Well

29
Ocean 9,000’

Sea floor

18,000
’

Reservoir
 Jetting in 36” casing

Drill Bit
Sea floor
 What is Jet-In?
• The conductor pipe is not
installed into a pre-
existing hole
• The bit is spaced out
near the end of the
conductor pipe
• Mud on sea floor is
“jetted” out of the way by
high velocity fluid exiting
bit
• Conductor pipe sinks by
virtue of its own weight

32
 Drilling Ahead for next
casing string

Low pressure 36”

conductor housing
Sea floor
 Low pressure 36”
conductor housing
Sea floor

Drilled 26” hole

 Running and cementing
high pressure wellhead
Cement returns
Low pressure 36”
conductor housing
Sea floor
Cement being pumped

20” casing

20” casing shoe

 Low pressure 36”
conductor housing
Sea floor
Sea floor
Sea floor
Sea floor
Sea floor

Cement plug

Cement column
Drilling mud

Wiper plug

Casing shoe
Sea floor

Cement column
Drilling mud

Casing shoe
Hanging casing and Interfaces
H4 Mandrel
Gasket Area Profile

Internal Wear Bushing

Profile
High Pressure
Housing

Annulus Seal
Low Pressure Assembly
Housing
Casing Hanger

Conductor Pipe

42
Marine Riser

43
Wellhead/Completion Interface - Vertical

44
Wellhead/Completion Interface – Horizontal

45
UWD Subsea Drilling Systems

46
Wellhead Design Factors

• Casing program – size

– Typically industry standard

• Water depth - bending capacity, trip savings

– Deeper water allows more offset (look at %), longer time to wellhead

• Method of drilling - bending capacity & fatigue

life
– Jack-up, Moored vessel, Semi-Submersible, DP Vessel

• Completion method - fatigue life

– Tree versus riser tieback

47
Large Bore System

• 36 X 26/28 X 22 X 18 X 16 X 13 3/8 X 10 3/4

• Same rigid lock seal assembly and tool as RLSD
system
• Two submudline systems (18in and 16in) are
fully independent of one another and can be
placed anywhere in the string below the high-
pressure housing
• The hangers and seal assemblies are run in a
single trip
• Bore protectors are bit run/retrievable
• LB 2M available for 16in and 1st position hanger

49
UWD-15 Wellhead System
Major Components and Features
Low Pressure Housing
• Casing Options:
– 36” x 1.5”
– 36” x 2”
LP Conductor
• 1,000,000 lbs casing capacity Housing
• 1,000 psi rated working pressure

50
Non-Weldable ROV Slope Indicator Bracket

• Indicates slope angle of

conductor pipe
• Installed on the 30”/36”
conductor pipe in the
moon pool before
running subsea
• 2° Slope Indication
• ROV retrieves assembly
by actuating turnbuckle
handle
• Turnbuckle is rated for
30 ft*lbs

51
 28”/26” Housing & Running Tool
• Is run to isolate shallow water flow
hazards
• Modular stack down 26” housing allows:
• serves as an adapter w/o 26” casing
• Has a split lock down ring and seal
incorporated into housing
• Ball valves can be used to isolate the 36”
X 26” annulus
• Simple tool operation – 3 right-hand
rotations to release

52
UWD-15 18¾” Rigid Lock Wellhead System
Major Components and Features
18¾” Wellhead Housing
• Casing Options:
– 20” x 0.812”
– 20” x 0.625” UWD Rigid Lock
Seal Assembly
• 15,000 psi rated working pressure
• 1,000,000 lbs casing capacity
• H2S service rated

UWD Rigid Lock Seal Assembly

• 1,000 psi rated working pressure
• 2.00 million lbs of preload
18 ¾” Nominal Bore Protector

• Sleeve that protects ID seal

profiles of 18 ¾” High
Pressure Wellhead
• Run and retrieved with 18
¾” Wellhead Housing
Running Tool
• Remains in wellhead during
BOP tests to 15,000 psi
when using the 18 ¾”
Wellhead Housing Running

54
 18” LB Submudline System
Receptacle

• Rated for 5,000 psi and 1,000,000 lbs

casing weight
Packoff
• Can be rated to 6,500 psi & 655 kips
of casing weight (2.2 MM lbs total)
• Casing Hanger and Elastomeric Packoff Hanger

are run single trip

• Packoff can be retrieved in same trip if
pressure test fails
• Min bore: Receptacle = 18.210”; hanger
= 16.620”

57
UWD-15 18¾” Rigid Lock Wellhead System
Major Components and Features
16” Submudline System
• 5,000 psi rated working pressure
• 500,000 lbs casing capacity
• Receptacle welded in 20” casing below UWD 16” SML
Hanger
wellhead

Elastomer Annulus Seal Assembly

• 5,000 psi rated working pressure
• Set in single trip with casing hanger
UWD-15 18¾” Rigid Lock Wellhead System
Major Components and Features
Casing Hangers
• 15,000 psi rated working pressure
• 1,500,000 lbs casing capacity
• H2S service rated
• 1st Position
– 1st Position
Casing Options: 13⅝, 13-3/8, 14”
Casing Hanger
UWD-15 18¾” Rigid Lock Wellhead System
Major Components and Features
Metal-to-Metal (M2M) Annulus Seal Assembly
– Rated Working Pressure:
Top Side (Bore) = 15,000 psi
Bottom Side (Annulus) = 10,000 psi
– Fully API 6A PR2 Qualified
– PR2 Test Temperature Range:
• -75°F to 250°F (-60°C to 121°C) Annulus
Seal Assembly
Elastomer Annulus Seal Assembly
– Rated Working Pressure:
Top Side (Bore) = 15,000 psi
Bottom Side (Annulus) = 10,000 psi
– Fully API 6A PR2 Qualified
– PR2 Test Temperature Range:
• 35°F to 250°F (1.7°C to 121°C)
18 ¾” Annulus Seal Assembly

Metal-to-Metal Elastomer

61
UWD-15 18¾” Wellhead System
Major Components and Features
UWD-15 Annulus Seal Assembly
• Metal-to-Metal
– Rated Working Pressure:
Top Side (Bore) = 15,000 psi
Bottom Side (Annulus) = 10,000 psi
– Rated Production Fluid Temperature:
• -75°F to 250°F (-60°C to 121°C) or
• 0°F to 350 °F (-18°C to 177°C)

• Elastomer Version Available

• Field proven design and technology

Initial Landing Weight Set to Create Pressure Set to

Position Low Pressure Seal Fully Lock
UWD-15 18¾” Rigid Lock Wellhead System
Major Components and Features
Casing Hangers
• 15,000 psi rated working pressure
• 1,500,000 lbs casing capacity
2nd Position
• H2S service rated Casing Hanger
• 2nd Position
– Casing Options: 10¾” / 9-7/8”, 9-5/8”
Questions???

Thank you!