A STUDY ON PARTIAL

REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT
WITH GGBS AND FLY ASH
FOR HIGH STRENGTH
CONCRETE
PROJECT LEAD BY

MD SALEHA (20X45A0107)
B.RAJKUMAR(20X45A0108)
R.SUDEEPA (20X45A0109)
P.ASWINI(20X45A0112)
Guided By :-Ms. Krishna Priya,Mtech(Ph.d)
 CONTENTS
➣ ABSTRACT
➣
INTRODUCTION
➣ LITERATURE REVIEW
➣ MATERIALS
➣ METHODOLOGY
 ABSTRACT

Concrete industry is one of the largest consumers of natural resources due to which
sustainability of concrete is under threat. The environment and economic concern are its
biggest challenge in these days.

The availability of cement has continuously been depleted due to rapid urbanization.
Due to these issues we are using “ GROUND GRANULATED BLAST FURNACE SLAG
AND FLY ASH ” as partial replacement of cement in concrete.

High strength concrete will have special properties not attributed to normal concrete
such as high strength ,low shrinkage , low permability .In this direction, an experimental
investigation was done on High strength concrete by replacing cement with Ground
Granulated Blast furnace Slag and Fly Ash .
 Here we are replacing cement with Ground Granulated Blast furnace Slag
and Fly Ash by different varying proportions such as 10%,15%, 20%,25%,
30%,35% and 40% by weight for M-40 ,M-45,M-50 grades of mix.

The concrete specimens are casted cured and tested for 7days, 14days and 28
days respectively. This study involves determination of properties of concrete like
compressive strength,split tensile sterngth .

Key Words : Split tensile strength, flexural Strength, Replacement,cement,GGBS, Fly Ash ,
 INTRODUCTION

Now A Days Concrete is widely used as construction material for various types of
structures... The concrete was made up of cement,sand,fine agg, coarse aggregate,water..

The cement industry is one of the main producers of carbon dioxide and greenhouse
gases. It can cause harm to the most fertile layer of the earth, the topsoil. Due to this
backdrop, the search for substitute to cement is needed..So in this project we are using
ggbs and fly Ash as partially replacement of cement For High Strength Concrete.

By using ground Granulated Blast furnace Slag and Fly ash as partial replacement of
cement it would provide economical and environmental benefits and also gives good
What is High Strength Concrete..?
As name Itself indicates, it is concrete which has high strength.

It has compressive strengths of up to 140 MPa. And The Concrete designed by conventional
methods have strengths up to 40 MPa.

There are two crucial factors should be considered while preparing Hsc :

1- Water Cement Ratio

2- Dense partical packing

In this project our approach is to prepare High Strength Concrete by partial replacement
of cement with GGBS and Fly Ash
Comparison b/w Normal Concrete and High Strength Concrete
NORMAL CONCRETE
Compressive Strength varies from 25 -
50 Mpa
Concrete Mix ratios varies from M 5 To
M 20
Initial setting Time is 30 min
Final setting Time is 600 min
Bleeding may takes place
water cement ratio required is 0.3
Durability is moderate
HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE
Compressive Strength varies from 40 -
140 Mpa
Concrete Mix ratios varies from M 40
To M70
Initial setting Time is 140 min
Final setting time is 290 min
bleeding may not takes place
Water cement ratio required is 0.25 -
0.35
Durability is High
 LITERATURE REVIEWS

Dr. R.R SINGH (JUNE-2014) In this paper he mainly concentrated on replacement of cement with
Fly ash. In his work he presented a design of M40 and M45 grade concrete containing 28%, 50% and
70% fly ash content, and compressive and flexural strengths at 7 and 28 days are compared.
From the study he concluded that the compressive strength of M40 and M45 concrete at 50%
replacement are gives satisfactory results and it can be Utilised in construction process.

ARIVILAGAN (2012) investigated the strength and strength efficiency factors of hardened
concrete, by partially replacing cement with 20 %, 30% and 40% GGBS at different ages. The
specimens when tested at 7 and 28 days.
It showed an increase in compressive strength for 20% replacement of cement.Split tensile
strength and flexural strength of concrete also increased at 20% cement replacement. The increasing
strength is due to filler effect of GGBS. It was also found that the degree of workability of concrete is
increased with the addition of GGBS
O. PATEL (2012) researched on the effects on compressive strength and flexural strength of concrete
with partial replacement of cement with various percentages of GGBS. The tests were conducted at 7, 28
and 90 days with replacement ranging from 10 % to 40 %. It was observed that the strength of concrete
is inversely proportional to the percentage of replacement of cement with GGBS.
The replacement of OPC by GGBS up to 20% shows the marginal reduction of 4-6 % in
compressive and flexural strength for 90 days curing and beyond that of more than 15%. He concluded
that, GGBS as replacement of OPC by 20% results in a reduction in the cost of concrete at the current
market rate..
ANJALI PRAJAPATI (2017) studied the effect of the performance of high strength
concrete using mineral admixture i.e. fly ash and GGBS with M-60 grade of IS cube
specimen.We partially replaced Portland cement by weight of the binder. Fly ash and
GGBS replacement vary from 10% to 30%. We used Conplast SP430-Sulphonated
Naphthalene Polymers as a superplasticizer for better workability for high performance
concrete. Dosage for superplasticizers is same for all mix proportions. Also, we have
replaced fine aggregate in different proportions with foundry sand.

We have investigated compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural

strength for all different cases. The mix, grade M60concrete is designed as per Indian
standards and it gives better result than normal M20 grade of concrete.
SAHAR DAILAMI (2019) The strength, workability, durability, and costs of four
different mixes containing fly ash (FA), Ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS)
were investigated..

In this paper. The test results showed that the mixes containing FA, GGBS
presented better durability than normal concrete. Mixes with 30% of ggbs provided
good early strength and
durability.

In addition, the mixes containing FA, GGBS were found to offer a significant reduction
in cost..
 MATERIALS REQUIRED
RAW MATERIALS TYPE

Cement Ordinary port land cement

Coarse aggregate 12.5 mm graded agg

Fine aggregate River Sand

Water Tap Water

Mineral and chemical
Admixtures Fly Ash and GGBS
 WHAT IS GGBS...?
 Ground Granulated Blast furnace Slag
 It is also termed as GGBFS
GGBS is an industrial byproduct obtained when
iron ore, limestone, and coke heated to a
temperature of about 1500°C in the furnace
by this process we can reduce pollution
It gives good workability, durability for concrete
 ADVANTAGES OF GGBS :

➣ Increases the strength and durability of the concrete structure

➣ Better workability, making, placing,compaction is easier
➣ Reduces the Risk of Thermal Cracking
➣ Higher flexural Strength and higher Resistance to Chloride inges
➣ Less Heat of hydration as As compared to normal mix hydration
➣ It Reduce Voids and permibilaty in Concrete
➣ It gives Good Surface Finish and improves Asthetic look
 WHAT IS MEANT BY FLY ASH...?
 Its a fine powder that is by product of burning pulverized coal in
thermal power plants
it's grey in colour and size of 5-120 microns

PULVARIZATIO
N

PULVARIZED COAL FLY ASH

Benefits Of Using Fly Ash :

➯ Fly ash will result in a more predictable and consistent finished product that will ensure
customer acceptance.

➯ Fly ash improves the flow ability of the concrete, which translates into less wear and tear on
all the producer’s equipment, from batching facilities to trucks.

Fly ash produces a high strength concrete that accommodates the design of thinner sections.
➯
Fly ash contributes to the aesthetic appearance of the concrete

➯
CEMENT :-
Cement is one of the most important building materials..it is a binding agent that
sets and hardens the building units such as stones, bricks, tiles, etc..,

Cement generally refers to a very fine powdery substance made up of limestone

(calcium), sand or clay (silicon), bauxite (aluminium) and iron ore, and may include
shells, chalk, marl, shale, clay, blast furnace slag, slate.

The raw ingredients are processed in cement manufacturing plants are heated to
form a rock-hard substance, which is then ground into a fine powder to be sold.
Benefits of Using OPC Cement :

➯ Gives more flexibility to architects and engineers to design economical sections.

Develops high early strength so that from work of slab and beams can be removed much
➯
earlier resulting in faster speed of constructions and saving in centring cost.

Produces highly durable and sound concrete due to very low percentage of alkalis,
➯ chlorides, magnesia and free lime in its composition
Fine Aggregates :

Aggregates Which passes through 4.75 mm seive will be termed as Fine aggregate..

Sand is a naturally occurring granular material composed of finely divided rock and
mineral particles. The composition of sand is highly variable ,depending on the local rock source
sand conditions, but the most common constituent of sand is silica (silicon dioxide, or
SiO2),usually in the form of quartz.

PROPERTIES Test Results

Specific Gravity 2.67
Finess modulus 2.49
Bulk density 1260 kg/m3
COARSE AGGREGATES :

Coarse aggregate is that aggregate of which it consists of either crushed stone or gravel. Gravel has
several advantage so over crushed stone, but crushed stone is commonly used because it is more
economical. A crushed stone which is passed through 20mm and retained on 12 mm.The size of coarse
aggregate has a bearing on the concrete’s cost.Therefore, a concrete made with large particles requires less
Portland cement, giving a more economical concrete.

PROPERTIES TEST RESULTS

Specific Gravity 2.7
Finess Modulus 8.65
Bulk Density 1540 kg/m3
METHODOLOGY
EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAM

MATERIALS OPC,GGBS,FLY
ASH,FINE AGG,
COARSE AGG,WATER
MIX PROPORTION
COMPRESSIVE,SPLIT
TENSILE, DURABILITY,
FLEXURAL STRENGTH
CASTING AND CURING TESTS

EXPERIMENTAL TESTING
THANK YOU