Introduction to Organizational Behavior

Good to Great Jim Collins (2001) Good is the enemy of great.

Provide an overview of the major challenges and the paradigm shift facing management now and in the next economy. Outline an organizational behavior perspective for todays management. Summarize the Hawthorne studies as the starting point of modern organizational behavior. Explain the methodology that is used to accumulate knowledge and facilitate understanding of organizational behavior. Relate the various theoretical frameworks that serve as a foundation for a model of organizational behavior.

What is Organizational Behavior Characteristics of Organizational Behavior Why study Organizational Behavior

Hawthorne

The Human Equation Challenges in Managing The New Paradigm

Studies and Research in O.B.

Sumerians-

Record Keeping Egyptians- Need for Planning and Control Moses- Shared Leadership, Delegation Hamurabi- First ______? Alexander the Great- Use of Staff Niccolo Machivelli- The ends _____ the ______.

Groups of people who work interdependently toward some purpose

Structured patterns of interaction Coordinated tasks Work toward some purpose

The

study of individual behavior and group dynamics in organizations

Understand Predict Manage

(Continued)

e.g., Selection Systems e.g., Groupthink e.g., Personality

Organizational Level Group Level Individual Level

Cognitive

Framework

Personality Satisfaction, Commitment and Absenteeism Model Attraction- Selection-Attrition Model

Behavioristic Social

Framework

Pavlovs Dogs Environmental Contingencies

Cognitive Framework

Allows for more complexities More accepted framework

What

is Organizational Behavior Characteristics of Organizational Behavior Why study Organizational Behavior

The Human Equation Challenges in Managing The New Paradigm

Hawthorne

Studies and Research in O.B.

Contingency Variables

Task environment: Competitors Unions Regulatory agencies Clients

Inputs: Material Capital Human

Structure Task People (Actors) Organizational Boundary Technology

Outputs: Products Services

What is Organizational Behavior Characteristics of Organizational Behavior Why study Organizational Behavior

Hawthorne

The Human Equation Challenges in Managing The New Paradigm

Studies and Research in O.B.

Competitive

advantage of an organization today is represented by:

Human resource of an organization and how

they are managed. Widely recognized as human capital, social capital and positive psychological capital.

The academic field of organizational behavior has been around for at least the past thirty years. Problems facing managers of human organization have been around since the beginning of civilization.

Political Legal

Developments

Developments Developments

International

Although the problems with human organizations and the solutions over the ages have not really changed that much, the emphasis and surrounding environmental context certainly have. This new environment is disruptive, discontinuous change. It represents a new paradigm, a new way of thinking about the workplace. Three challenges facing managers to day are:
-Globalization -Diversity -Ethics

and Information Technology

A paradigm simply establishes the rules (written or unwritten), defines the boundaries, defines a way to understand reality, ways of thinking/framework, and tells one how to behave within the boundaries to be successful. For todays and tomorrows organizations and management, there are new rules with different boundaries requiring new and different behaviors. E.g., Theory X wont cut it in most U.S. economic cycles There is considerable resistance to change and why it is very difficult to move from the old management paradigm to the new.

One-eighth situationabout oneeighth of todays organizations believe it, do it, stick with it. The Knowing-Doing Gapmost managers know the value of the human factor and how to implement the approach to improve organizational performance, but still are not doing it.

What

is Organizational Behavior Characteristics of Organizational Behavior Why study Organizational Behavior

The Human Equation Challenges in Managing The New Paradigm

Hawthorne

Studies and Research in O.B.

Formal Organization - the official, legitimate, and most visible part of the system Informal Organization - the unofficial and less visible part of the system
Hawthorne Studies: studies conducted during the 1920s and 1930s that discovered the existence of the informal organization

The

Illumination Studies: A Serendipitous Discovery Subsequent Phases of the Hawthorne Studies Implications of the Hawthorne Studies THE HAWTHORNE EFFECT

The Overall Scientific Perspective

Understand Predict Control

Starting with Theory The Use of Research Designs

Case Survey Experiments Internal External

The Validity of Studies

Questions

What is a paradigm? What are some areas than have influenced the study of Org Behavior? What are some concepts studied in Org Behavior? Why should a manager know about this domain of knowledge? Contrast formal versus informal organization

What happened in the Hawthorne Studies? Why are they so important and what did we learn from them? Describe 3 challenges facing managers today; why are they considered challenges? Describe the 1/8th rule or the KnowingDoing Gap

Practitioner-Scientist Pfeffers

13 Practices (also ppt) in Management AME

Research