Disaster Risk Reduction and

Management (DRRM)
Principles
Instructor: Karen T. Wage
Components of DRR and
Management

Instructor: Karen T. Wage

 PRE-EVENT
These are plans and strategies to
be accomplished and stabilized
before a certain disaster strike
 PRE-EVENT

Mitigation
The lessening or limitation of the adverse impacts of
hazards and related disasters. While the adverse
impacts of hazards often cannot be prevented fully,
their scale or severity can be substantially lessened
by various strategies and actions. Mitigation
measures involve a wide range of elements from
engineering techniques to environmental policies
and even public awareness.
 PRE-EVENT
Prevention
The outright avoidance of adverse impacts of
hazards and related disasters. Prevention expresses
the concept and intention to completely avoid
potential adverse impacts through action taken in
advance. Can be in the form of proper land use or
using suitable engineering design.
 PRE-EVENT
Adaptation
The adjustment in natural or human systems in
response to actual or expected climatic stimuli or
their effects, which moderates harm or exploits
beneficial opportunities.
 PRE-EVENT
Preparedness
The knowledge and capacities developed by
governments, professional response and recovery
organizations, communities and individuals to
effectively anticipate, respond to, and recover from,
the impacts of likely, imminent or current hazard
events or conditions.
 POST-EVENT
These are plans and strategies to
be accomplished and stabilized
after a certain disaster strike
 POST-EVENT
Response
The provision of emergency services and public
assistance during or immediately after a disaster in
order to save lives, reduce health impacts, ensure
public safety and meet the basic subsistence needs
of the people affected.
 POST-EVENT
Recovery
The restoration, and improvement where appropriate, of
facilities, livelihoods and living conditions of disaster-
affected communities, including efforts to reduce disaster
risk factors. The recovery task of rehabilitation and
reconstruction begins soon after the emergency phase
has ended, and should be based on pre-existing
strategies and policies that facilitate clear institutional
responsibilities for recovery action and enable public
participation.
 Community
Preparedness

Instructor: Karen T. Wage

 Condition of Community Preparedness
It is never too late to institute a disaster
preparedness plan within your community. Public
health and safety in the event of a disaster are
increased as plans are devised and implemented.
Tips included in this effective practice can also be
modified to create a disaster preparedness plan
within your community. Disaster often strikes
without warning. The best way to prepare for
disaster is to create a specific plan of action that
can be put in place at a moment’s notice.
 Action
Arrange meetings of community members
through the development Community
Disaster Preparedness committee or through
another civic association for example the
Civil Society Networks in each of the 14
Municipal Corporations and work together to
develop a community disaster preparedness
plan in your respective community.
 Community warning system
Community members should establish and
know their local warning system. In the event
of a disaster, local radio and television stations
will provide information on evacuation routes,
temporary shelters, and other emergency
procedures. Depending on the circumstances,
any one of three protective actions (shelter-in-
place, prepare-to-evacuate, or evacuate) may
be appropriate.
 Neighborhood directory
Create a list of home and work phone
numbers and e-mail addresses for all
community members, noting contact
information and plans for children and
seniors who may be home alone during
emergency situations. Include important
phone numbers, such as the local emergency
management office and the non-emergency
numbers for the local police department,
local fire department, and ambulance service.
 Members with special needs
Identify members of the community who
may need special assistance during an
emergency. These members might include
seniors, individuals who are hearing or
mobility impaired, and children who are
home alone. Develop a plan to assist them
during an emergency.
 Members with special skills or equipment
Identify members of the community
who have special skills (medical,
technical) or equipment that they
would be willing to share in the
event of an emergency. Consider
CPR and first aid training for
community volunteers.
 Caring for pets

Community members
should design a plan to
treat with their pets in an
emergency.
 Property protection
Community members should have working fire
extinguishers and know how to shut off their
utilities such as gas, electricity, and water in the
event of an emergency. House address numbers
should be large and well-lighted so emergency
personnel can find homes easily. Consider
having a representative from a local utility
company or fire department to speak to your
Community Disaster Committee about property
protection during a disaster.
 Evacuation procedures
Develop a neighborhood evacuation plan.
Contact the local emergency management
office and find out ahead of time what
evacuation routes have been designated for
your area. Distribute maps to community
members. Become familiar with major and
alternate routes to leave your area before a
disaster.
 Local shelters
Provide the location of all county
shelters to community members.
(Shelters are often located in public
school buildings.) Include their pet
policies, if possible. Also, identify any
community members who would be
willing to provide shelter to others in
an emergency.
 School emergency plans
Find out what your local school
district and day care centers plan
do in the event of an emergency.
Make sure children know where
to meet parents in the event
schools are evacuated or an early
release occurs.
 Family emergency plans
Encourage community members to
develop family preparedness plans that
cover emergency contact information
for family members, predetermined
meeting places, home evacuation
procedures, emergency pet care, safe
storage of food and water, and
assembling disaster supplies kits.
 Community
Role of Youth to Disaster Risk
Management
Instructor: Greg Recto B. Cayabyab
 Role of Youth
in Disaster Risk
Preparedness
Instructor: Greg Recto B. Cayabyab
 Cause
Millions of children and youth usually
represent more than one third of the
victims whenever disasters struck. Research
have shown that youth trainings focusing
on disaster preparedness results in
behavior changes, and that youth who are
prepared are more confident and
empowered when an actual emergency
occurs.
 Effect
Thus, engaging youth in disaster risk
management training and activities can
increase their awareness and knowledge
on what to do and how to act when
disasters occur, and may decrease the
number of both youth and adult victims
and casualties.
What are the things that the
Youth can do?
 The youth has the energy to take immediate
actions when emergencies occur.

When an actual disaster happen, the

youths are the most capable in taking
immediate action during emergencies
because they have the energy to do it.
 The youth has the energy to take immediate
actions when emergencies occur.
For an instance, the Red Cross Red Crescent volunteer,
Saeeda Bibi, 25, who saved lives when an earthquake struck
in Pakistan, in October 2005. It was said in the article of the
Red Cross International entitled “Youth, ready to respond”,
Bibi provided immediate assistance for the injured. She
provided water for survivors and told the villagers to get
blankets. She also helped rescue schoolchildren, pulled out
dead bodies, and helped in cleaning the mud covering the
victims’ bodies. Together, Bibi with the other youth
volunteers have saved 40 people from collapsed homes.
 The youths are incredibly resilient and creative
Youths are incredibly resilient. They are able to cope
up and adapt to changes. This allows them to
overcome difficulties in their lives, including
calamities and disasters, and adapt with diverse
range of people.
The youths can also contribute ideas and actions
during disasters. By involving youth in disaster
planning and management, they will be better
equipped to respond appropriately and calmly when
confronted with an actual event.
The youth has the potential to become a better
leader and initiate plans.

Involving young people in disaster

management can help them learn topics
that affect their lives while at the same
time gaining hands-on experience
designed to equip them become
tomorrow better leaders and initiate
plans.
End of Discussion

Instructor: Karen T. Wage