DISCIPLINES

AND IDEAS IN
THE SOCIAL
SCIENCES
What comes into your mind when you hear the
word “society”?
 ACTIVITY: CHARADES
Direction: you have to "act out" a phrase
without speaking, while the other
members of your team try to guess what
the phrase is. The objective is for your team
to guess the phrase as quickly as possible.
SOCIETY

• group of individuals whose members work

together or regularly meet and have a shared
territory, interest, and way of living.
Likewise, it signifies companionship or
association with others
 is defined as the body of
knowledge concerned with the
methodical study of various
aspects of our society,
SOCIAL numerous social phenomena,
SCIENCES and the impacts of these
occurrences on people’s lives
 ANTHROPOLOGY
Scientific study of humans their
societies, cultures and
development in the past and
present time
To understand the complexity
of cultures across all of human
history
 HISTORY
Systematic study of human past
events in order to understand the
meaning, dynamics and relationship
of the causes and effects of events in
the development of societies.
POLITICAL SCIENCE
Primarily studies human
behavior in relation to political
systems, governments, laws,
and international relations.
SOCIOLOGY
Systematic study of peoples
behavior in group

Derived from the Latin word socius

which means “people together” and
Greek word logos which means
“the study of”
PSYCHOLOGY
Scientific Study of human mind
and it’s functions, how it works in
consonance with the body to
produce thoughts that lead to
individual actions
ECONOMICS
Economics is the social
science that studies the
production, distribution,
and consumption of
goods and services.
 GEOGRAPHY
• Study of the interaction between
people and their environments.
• Geographers explore both the
physical properties of Earth's
surface and the human societies
spread across it
 GEOGRAPHY
Derived from the Greek words: geo meaning
“earth” and graphos meaning “charting or
mapping”
 DEMOGRA
Scientific study ofPHY
human populations
across time

It examines the changes in population

growth through the analysis of statistics on
birth, human movement and morbidity,
agedness and mortality
 LINGUISTI
Linguistics is the scientific study of human
Cs
language, which focuses on theories of
language structure, variation and use.
TRACE HISTORICAL FOUNDATIONS AND SOCIAL
CONTEXT OF EACH DICIPLINES THAT LEAD TO
THEIR DEVELOPMENT
DATE PLACE DISCIPLINE OF THE SOCIAL
SCIENCE
17-18TH Europe Anthropology
Century - as the study of human life and culture,
started during the 17th and 18th century
in Europe because of the European Age
of Enlightenment, where people based
their thoughts on scientific and rational
philosophical thoughts rather
than religious beliefs.
BRANCES
A. Physical/ Biological
Anthropology
B. Cultural Anthropology
C. Archaeology
D. Linguistic Anthropology
d. Applied Anthropology

• The rise of Western imperialism in

18th and 19th centuries prompted
interest in the study of culture of the
colonies
• Key Personalities:
Franz Boas
Bronislaw Malinowski
Franz Boas
• "Father of Modern/
American Anthropology".
• He was the first to apply the
scientific method to
anthropology.
• His work is associated with
the movements known as
historical particularism and
cultural relativism.
Bronislaw Malinowski
• one of the most important
anthropologists of the 20th century
who is widely recognized as a
founder of social anthropology and
principally associated with field
studies of the peoples of Oceania.
• Malinowski suggested that
individuals have physiological needs
(reproduction, food, shelter) and
that social institutions exist to meet
these needs
DATE PLACE DISCIPLINE OF THE SOCIAL BRANCES
SCIENCE
16th Europe Economics Macroeconomics
Century • is the study of the production, • Analyses how the economics
distribution and consumption of functions as a whole or its
food and services started during basic Subdivisions such as
the 16th century in Europe the government or the
because of the need to establish business sectors. Also study
economic policy that encourage inflation and unemployment
national self-sufficiency why some nations are well-
off while some others under
Key personalities: huge dept.
• Adams Smith Microeconomics
• -Karl Marx • Focuses on the behavior of
Individual agents, like
household, Industries and
firms
Adam Smith
• Scottish philosopher.
• He is considered the father of
modern economics.
• Smith is most famous for his
1776 book, "The Wealth of
Nations“ which focuses on
capitalism
• According to Smith wealth is
created through productive
labor, and that self-interest
motivates people to put their
resources to the best use.
Karl Marx
• was a German philosopher, He
is considered the father of
modern economics.
• Marxism is a social, political, and
economic theory originated by
Karl Marx that focuses on the
struggle between capitalists and
the working class.
• Favors communism rather than
capitalism
Communism
• a system in which goods are owned in common and are available
to all as needed.
• a theory advocating elimination of private property or
capitalization
• theory that everything from land to wages should be owned by
the whole is an example of a communist.
• Ex. China, North Korea, Laos, Cuba, and Vietnam.
DATE PLACE DISCIPLINE OF THE SOCIAL BRANCES
SCIENCE
Ancient China Geography
times and • which deals with the distribution,
Egypt and arrangement of all the
elements of the earth’s surface
started way back in the ancient
times in China and Egypt because
the earlier geographers aims to
explore other areas and describe
the observable features of
different places
Key personalities:
• Eratosthenes
• Immanuel Kant
• Alexander von Humboldt
• Carl Ritter
Eratosthenes
• was a Greek polymath best
known as the first to calculate
the circumference of the earth.
• Father of geography. He was the
first one to use the word
geography and he also had a
small-scale notion of the planet
that helped him to determine
the circumference of the earth.
Immanuel Kant
• Kant's greatest contribution was
that, he laid the philosophical
foundation of the discipline of
geography by defining its nature
particularly in relation to the
natural sciences.
Alexander von Humboldt
• was a nature researcher and
explorer, universal genius and
cosmopolitan, scientist
• Humboldt marked the course of
rivers, measured mountains,
recorded the vocabulary of
indigenous languages, studied the
artifacts of the Aztec and other
civilizations, and collected
economic data, most notably in
Cuba
Carl Ritter
• was a German geographer.
Along with Alexander von
Humboldt, he is considered
one of the founders of
modern geography.
• Ritter unfolded and
established the treatment of
geography as a study and a
science.
DATE PLACE DISCIPLINE OF THE SOCIAL BRANCES
SCIENCE
Ancient Europe Linguistics General Linguistics
times • the study of language, started • Concepts and categories of
during the early 20th century language or languages;
because early linguist aimed to theory of language
study the rapidly banishing
unwritten languages Micro Linguistics -Structure of
language systems
• Phonetics
• Phonology
• Morphology
Key personalities: • Syntax
- Ferdinand de Saussure • Semantics
- Jacques Derrida Macro Linguistics
- Hans Georg- Gadamer • External view of language
- Jurgen Habermas
DATE PLACE DISCIPLINE OF THE SOCIAL BRANCES
SCIENCE
Ancient Europe Linguistics Micro Linguistics -Structure of
times • the study of language, started language systems
during the early 20th century • Phonetics–study of correct
because early linguist aimed to pronunciations of words
study the rapidly banishing • Phonology–study of sounds
unwritten languages of the language
• Morphology–study of
Language form
• Syntax – study of how words
form into phrases
Key personalities: • Semantics–the study of
- Ferdinand de Saussure Meanings ofwords or terms
- Jacques Derrida
- Hans Georg- Gadamer
- Jurgen Habermas