DIGITAL/

Module 9:

CYBER
LITERACY
 Technology has been part of everyone's life, be it at home, in school, or
anywhere with every facet of our undertaking. However, in many instances,
we may not be aware that we have been misusing or abusing it or in
another way around, we may find ourselves being used by other people
with their malicious motives using digital tools.

Therefore, we may end up being liable or a victim of such irresponsible

kind of technological processing and utilization. It is in this case that we
must gain further understanding and application of digital/cyber literacy,
be it on personal or professional merit.
 DIGITAL
LITERACY
• According to Wikipedia, Digital literacy is the set of competencies
required for full participation in society that includes knowledge,
skills, and behaviors involving the effective use of digital devices
for purposes of communication, expression, collaboration and
advocacy.

• It is the ability of an individual to engage with the digital

environment and operate technologies safely by knowing what to
do and what not to do and how to avoid unnecessary risks.
 DIGITAL
LITERACY
• It is an individual's ability to access both information and
methods of communication through technological tools, such
as smartphones, tablets, laptops and desktop PCs.

• Its focus has shifted to network devices, including the

Internet and the use of social media.
 CYBERSECU
RITY
• Cybersecurity is the practice of protecting systems,
networks, and programs from digital attacks (Cisco, n.d.).

• Cyber attacks are usually aimed to accessing, changing or

destroying sensitive information; extorting money from
users; or interrupting normal business processes.

• Implementing effective cybersecurity measures is

challenging.
HERE ARE SOME TIPS
ON HOW TO PROTECT
YOURSELF AGAINST
CYBER THREATS:
Tips on how to protect yourself against cyber threats:
● Monitor behavior on social networks.
● Keep devices safe.
● Understand how best to use password.
● Handle unsafe content.
● Consider safety for the future. Take individual
responsibility in using devices with an utmost care and
critical thinking when online (https://www.esentire.com).
 CYBER
CITIZENSHIP
• Cyber citizenship refers to being responsible when using
the Internet.

• Digital world is associated with responsibilities and

consequences. Therefore, we can explore and navigate all
information available online however, we should observe
cyber citizenship of manners and etiquette on the Web.
WAYS ON HOW
TO BE A GOOD
CYBER CITIZEN
1. Be careful and critical for whatever you post online that could be visible
to public even if on a “private” page through tagging by a friend.

2. If you have a problem with someone, go to that person or an adult to

help work it out, instead of posting your expression online.

3. Use the Internet to help you with your schoolwork and give credit to the
sources and check critically everything on the internet.

4. Use the Internet purposefully to learn more about anything.

5. Make sure you verify information before you share it or use it in a project
and check on accuracy and truth in the information you search on the
Web.
6. Give out certain information only.

7. Don’t answer questions that make you uncomfortable.

8. Always make sure you have told a reliable adult if you decide to
meet someone you knew through the Internet.

9. Always be aware of copyright laws and give credits.

10. Use only the computers that you are allowed to use and avoid
hacking.
IMPORTANCE
OF CYBER
CITIZENSHIP
1. It keeps the Internet free from hurtful statements.
2. It creates a culture of more reliable information.
3. It gives provision for people to be given credit for what
they have created.
4. More criminals or bullies can be caught when kids are
honest and talk to adults.
5. It keeps information private.
 PROPER
NETIQUETTE
 Follow these simple rules to ensure that you make wise
choices when sending messages online:

1. Make sure you have the correct address (with proper spelling), correct
link and you are sending the information to the right person when doing
it online.

2. Check information before sending or posting any message and avoid

false statements , and forwarding chain letters to family or friends.

3. Re-read what you wrote to make sure it is what you want to say and the
other person would interpret it the same way.
 Follow these simple rules to ensure that you make wise
choices when sending messages online:

4. Keep your comments clean and don’t confront others online or say
anything that could be hurtful to them.

5. Keep your personal and friends’ information private and don’t forward
information that was just given to you without his/her permission.

6. Watch out for spam and other fraud e-mails and never reply to them.

7. If you are going to write something personal or private, think twice

because messages can get misdelivered.
 Follow these simple rules to ensure that you make wise
choices when sending messages online:

8. Adults should monitor kids’ messages, especially when there are sending
e-mails to others without permission.
(http://www.cybercitizenship.org/ethics/ethics.html).
 RE

The Ten
SP
DI ONS
CI GIT IBL
TI AL E
ZE

Commandments N!

of Teacher Cyber
Citizenship
Ten Commandments of Teacher Cyber Citizenship

1.Thou shall not post any personal, confedential information and

obscene pictures and messages online that can be accessed by
students and parents.
2.Thou shall not respond or thread to any personal message
created by students online other than those school related.
3.Thou shall not lend or let students access your cellphone.
4.Thou shall not give your email password to students.
5.Thou shall not use concepts and information from texts and
references without the author’s citation.
Ten Commandments of Teacher Cyber Citizenship

6. Thou shall not post to any social media account, for whatever purposes,
the picture of students without their or their parent’s consent.
7. Thou shall not express sentiments, disappointments, and disagreements
against superiors, colleagues, students and their parents using their
social media accounts.
8. Thou shall not use data from internet sources in any documents like
lesson plans, researches and requirements without the consent of the
author.
9. Thou shall not give any personal data or other’s information to anyone
unless for specific purposes and given the consent.
Ten Commandments of Teacher Cyber Citizenship

10. Thou shall not post any students data publicly online including
academic rankings, school records, class outputs and record of
grades. De Leon (2019)
 Internet Safety
Internet safety, online safety or cyber
safety means trying to be safe on the
internet. It is maximizing the user’s
personality and security risks to private
information and property associated
using the internet, including self-
protection from computer crime.
Information Security
Sensitive information such as
personal information, identity and
passwords are often associated
with personal property and privacy
and may present security concerns
if leaked.
Common causes of information security
breaches include:

• PHISHING
• INTERNET SCAMS
• MALWARE
 Personal Safety and
Threats
The following are common threats to personal safety:

• CYBERSTALKING
• CYBERBULLYING
• ONLINE PREDATION
• OBSCENE/OFFENSIVE CONTENT
• SEXTORTION
COMPUTER THREATS and FIXING
SOLUTIONS
•The realm of Information Technology (IT) security professionals and computer security
has become an issue and concern for many people. (Honan,2014).

•A threat, in the context of computer security,refers to anything that has the potential to
cause serious harm to a computer system. It is something that may or may not happen,
but has the potential to cause serious damage and can lead to attacks on computer
systems and networks (https://www.techopedia.com).

•While email has been the main method for the spread of computer viruses, it can also
enter a network by the USB device, Internet download, visiting an infected website,
instant messaging on social media platforms,file transfer,and file sharing programs.
These are the following ways on how to ensure that
computer networks can be protected:

●Install anti-virus software

●Ensure that anti virus software is up to date.
●Employ a firewall to protect networks.
●Filter all email traffic.
●Educate all users to be careful of suspicious e-mails.
●Scan Internet downloads.
●Do not run programs of unknown origin.
These are the following ways on how to ensure that
computer networks can be protected:

●Implement a vulnerability management system.

●Make regular backups of critical data.
●Develop an Information Security Policy
●Monitor logs and systems.
●Develop an Incident Response Plan.
●Restrict end-user access to the systems
CYBERBULL
YING
• Cyberbullying, cyberharassment or online bullying is a form of bullying or
harassment using electronic means usually among minors in a school setting
and has become increasingly common, especially among teenagers.

• The crime prevention council defines it as a process of using the internet, cell
phones, or other devices to send or post texts or images that intend to hurt or
embarrass another person, repeated threats, sexual remarks, pejorative labels
or defamatory false accusations, ganging up on a victim by making the person
the subject of ridicule in online forums, hacking into vandalizing sites about a
person, and posting false statements to discredit the targeted person.
CYBERBULL
YING
• Cyberbullies may disclose victims’ personal data on
websites or forums- called doxing, or may use
impersonation, and create fake accounts, comments, or
sites, for the purpose of publishing material in their names.
This can leave the cyberbully anonymous and difficult to be
caught or apprehended for his/her behavior.
TYPES OF
CYBERBULLYING
1. Internet trolling- is a common form of bullying over the
internet in an online community to elicit a reaction,
disruption, or intentionally provoke and offend others

2. Cyberstalking- is another form of bullying or

harassment that uses electronic communication to stalk
a victim a pose a credible threat to harass him/her.
Implications of bullying in
schools
• Schools should initiate various anti-bullying programs and
campaigns to protect students from being threatened or
victimized by such offense.

• Teachers should be oriented and trained in handling bullying

cases and executing teaching strategies to address and
reduce bullying cases in class.

• Schools should conduct student empowerment activities that

can be engaged in by students.
CYBERCRI
MES
•Avast defines cybercrime as any criminal activity carried out using computers or
the internet. Cybercrime uses tools like phishing, viruses, spyware and social
engineering to break the law. Cybercriminals may use computer technology to
access personal and confidential information or use the internet for exploitative or
malicious purposes.
•There are wide variety of cybercrimes, which can broadly be placed into two
categories: one-off crimes, such as installing a virus that steals your personal data;
and ongoing crimes, such as cyberbullying, extortion, distributing child
pornography or organizing terrorist attacks.
CYBERCRI
MES
• Malware downloaded from the computer may slow it down and prompt
it to give error messages. Likewise, phishing attacks usually involve
receiving mails from unknown sources while trying to trick someone into
giving up his/her passwords or personal data.

• Technopedia cites common types of cybercrimes that include online bank

information theft, identity theft, online predatory crimes, unauthorized
computer access, and the most serious one like cyberterrorism.
CYBERCRI
MES
• Cybercrime encompasses a wide range of activities that
can be categorized as: (1) crimes that targeted computer
networks or devices, including viruses and denial-of-
service (DoS) attacks; and (2) crimes that use computer
networks to advance other criminal activities including
cyber stalking, phishing, and fraud, or identity theft.
 Exploring the internet:
Researching and evaluating the
web
The internet is a global communication network that allows
computers to exchange and share information worldwide
Sometimes it is difficult the needed information. So, the most
effective way to explore the internet is to have strategies in place for
doing research on the web and for evaluating the websites.
Commonly, this is important among schools in doing researches and
other related works. Therefore, this aspect needs to be explores by
teachers and students in doing their work.
 Surfing the web

01 02 03
Most surfing sessions Good strategies for Always be cautious
start with user-targeted searching the web about the
keywords about the include writing information shared
subject into a search research questions
online and in visiting
engine.
websites
Assessing Credibility- different websites accessible on the web can
make the job of the researchers very challenging. Carefully evaluate
the information searched online. Consider the credibility, or
trustworthiness and reliability of the content before taking it.

There are two types of websites: Informational and Commercial.

Informational websites usually strive to offer credible content to
users. While commercial websites present inaccurate information in
order to see something.
 Checklist of Credibility
Criteria
• AUTHOR
• DATE
• PURPOSE
• CONTACT
• FACT VS. OPINION
• URL
 COMMON CREDIBLE URLs

1. When encountering a URL, look at the letters that appear in after the "dot"
(i.e. www.whitehouse.gov) and that is called top-level domain that helps in
determining a site's credibility.

2. Websites ending in .gov are government-related websites, which generally

can be trusted to provide credible statistical information, websites ending
in .edu are the websites of educational institutions, and websites ending
in .org are the websites of many organization. (Evaluate .org sites carefully
because some organization provide bias information.)
 Recognition of Information
Sources
- Similar to the information in print sources, the use of online
sources must be given credit to the authors. This can be done
by applying proper referencing and citation procedures that
would get rid of risks, consequences and legal applications
because of the copyright issue, which means that the ideas
and words used belong to the author.
 CITATION
Each entry in the bibliography is called a citation. Proper citation must
be applied or included for every source used, whether it is a website, a
newspaper, or a book. Online sources are cited differently because they
are different from traditional print sources.
 Data Privacy Implication
-The implementation of Data Privacy in the country is becoming
stronger and powerful, especially in utilizing data for research and other
forms of report and paper works.

The following are practical techniques in responding to data privacy issues.

1. When getting data, put proper citation and source acknowledgement (e.g.
Source: National Statistics Office, 2019).
2. When using needed pictures downloaded from the internet, put
acknowledgement (e.g. Photo credits to PhilPost, 2019).
3. If data, concepts and information are copyrighted, ask for the consent of
the author, and wait for his/her response.
 Data Privacy Implication

4. If the data and information are for public domain, just

acknowledging/citing the author or the source will do.

5. If the author doesn't really want anyone to utilize his/her data file or
article, learn the value of respect, anyway that is his/her property.
 Research and Data Collection
Protocols
When researching and collecting data from the Web, we
should avoid PLAGIARISM or the act of taking someone else’s
work. It is unethical and can bring you trouble.

There are 10 types of plagiarism that teachers, researchers,

and students should know…
 10 Types of Plagiarism

1.Clone Plagiarism 6.Recycle Plagiarism

2.Remix Plagiarism 7.Mashup Plagiarism
3.Ctrl+C Plagiarism 8.404 Error Plagiarism
4.Hybrid Plagiarism 9.Aggregator Plagiarism
5.Find-Replace Plagiarism 10.Re-Tweet Plagiarism
Tips to Avoid
Plagiarism
 Turnitin.com suggests some
techniques to avoid plagiarism
that teachers, researchers and
students should know.
1. Read and understand the original
document several times before
start explaining about it.
2. Do not copy any word or
sentence from the original
document.
3. Give proper citation to all sources
(book, journal, website, video,
etc.).
4. In case of citing online sources,
include the retrieval date and
appropriate URL in the reference.
5. Common phrases and definitions
need to be quoted and cited
without any modification.
6. Make a practice to include the
"references" section whenever
you write an academic document.
7. Cross verify all your citations
before submitting your document.
8. Resort to available plagiarism
software to ensure the originality
of the written document.
 Integrating Digital/Cyber Literacy into the
Curriculum
● Use an interactive whiteboard to design and deliver lessons.
● Allow students to maintain blogs, wikis, web pages related to their
learning.
● Engage in email/video chat exchange with students.
● Utilize storytelling media to allow students to create and publish
stories.
● Set-up a blog site, Facebook page, Yahoo or Google group and post
weekly discussion questions for students to respond.
 Integrating Digital/Cyber Literacy into the
Curriculum

● Use video cameras to dramatize stories, record scientific experiments

and expose students to video editing software to create video
production of learning.
● Engage students in discussions about how and why various media
work well to showcase learning and why others do not.
● Thinking critically about the medium use to present a message is as
important as the message itself.
 Integrating Digital/Cyber Literacy into the
Curriculum

● Require E-Portfolio that would compile their outputs, projects,

messages and photo-documents of group activities and
investigations online.
● Allow students to use digital tools, such as mobile phones, Ipad and
netbooks for Google search, dictionary Apps, YouTube, Podcast and
Spotify applications in class to complement their learning, especially
during group works and concept reporting.
 Impact of integrating digital literacy in the
classroom on teachers, families and friends.
Integrating digital literacy in the classroom can bring a positive impact
on students' learning as evidenced by the following:

1. It motivates students in their learning due to 4. It encourages students to manipulate media

their enjoyment and ease of use with in constructing their own meaning.
various technological mediums.
5. It enables students to share their learning
2. It reaches students various learning styles with teachers, families and friends.
and multiple intelligences.
6. It gives students the chance to explore
3. It allows students to create and design their technological media that inevitably increase
own unique products reflective of their the job skills needed in the workforce.
personalities and learning styles/needs.
Module 10:
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 Ecoliteracy and Sustainable
Development

Ecoliteracy considers ecological systems and

awareness of how society operates within natural
aspects as an educational imperative. The basic
principles of ecoliteracy are good starting points to
explore fundamental lessons that can be learned
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from nature for the reform of society. (Wahl, 2017)

 Ecoliteracy and Sustainable
Development

• David Orr (1992) posited that by failing to include ecological

perspectives in education, students are taught that ecology is
unimportant.
• Orr and Capra (1990) coined the idea of ecological literacy as
creating a new emphasis on the need for education to
integrate understanding of the interdependece between
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natural processes and human ways of life.

 Ecoliteracy and Sustainable
Development

• Therefore, ecoliteracy is the ability to understand the

organization of natural systems and the processes
that maintain the healthy functioning of living
systems and sustain life on Earth.
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 Ecoliteracy and Sustainable
Development

• Ecological literacy is an understanding of the principles of

organization that ecosystems have evolved to sustain the web of
life, which is the first step on the road to sustainability. The second
step is the move towards ecodesign, of which there is a need to apply
the cological knowledge to the fundamental redesign of technologies
and social institutions, to bridge the current gap between human
design and the ecological sustainable systems of nature (Capra,
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2003).
 SUSTAINABILITY

• It is a qualitative and quantitative condition that demonstrates the human

capacity to survive over time.
• It is qualitative in a way that we want well-being although, it is difficult to
measure.
• It is a biological and ecological imperative for human society to exist within the
carrying capacity of the ecosystem.
• Provides the basis for integrated thinking about sustainability. It supports the
frame of mind, ethics, and the type of practice that will support the kind of
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thinking that prioritizes ecological imperatives.

 SUSTAINABILITY

• To achieve sustainability, we must trace the roots of our cultural assuptions

and work on ecological illiteracy.
• Our society has created industries, processes, programs and institutions that are
destroying the ecosystem’s ability to support life.
• This unsustainable and reckless action is a direct result of lack of ecological
understanding and sense of urgency. With this in mind, ecological literacy aims
to replace fragmented thinking with new cognitive and social capacities
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necessary for the design of sustainable ways of living.

 ECOLOGICALLY LITERATE
PERSON AND SOCIETY

• For Wahl (2017), an ecologically literate person can apply such

understanding to the design and organization of communities and
the creation of a regenerative culture.
• To be ecoliterate means to understand the principles of organization
of ecological communities (i.e. ecosystems) and to use those
principles for creating sustainable human communities.
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 ECOLOGICALLY LITERATE
PERSON AND SOCIETY

• An ecologically literate person translates this understanding into actions that

demonstrate conscious efforts to minimize negative impacts on our life-
sustaining systems and maximize value contribution to our collective well-
being, now and for furture generations.

• Wahl (2017) claimed that nurturing ecological literacy in students of a wide

range of ages has become the goal of sustainability education programs
worldwide.
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 Ways to Develop
Ecoliteracy in
Schools

The goal is to raise students with an important perspective called

"SOCIALLY and EMOTIONALLY ENGAGED LITERACY."
This act of engaging in economical challenges to whatever scale is
appropriate because it develops strength, hope, and resiliency among
young people.
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 To help educators foster socially and
emotionally engaged ecoliteracy, the
following are identified practices in age-
appropriated ways for kinder through
adulthood that helps them promote cognitive
and affective abilities in emotional, social and
ecological intelligences:
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 1. Develop empathy for all forms of life
2. Embrace sustainability as a community
practice
3. Make the invisible visible
4. Anticipate unintended consequences
5. Understand how nature sustains for life
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 The following are basic environmental
principles of ecosystem (adapted from
Barry Commoner; cited in Butler, 2012).

Seven 1. Nature knows best.

2. All forms of life are important.

Environmental 3. Everything is connected to

everything else.

Principles of
4. Everything changes.
5. Everything must go
somewhere.

Nature
6. Ours is a finite earth.
7. Nature is beautiful and we are
stewards of God’s creation.
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 Towards a Green School and Education
for Sustainable Development
• Schools play a great role in the development of academics but also
environment ethics and care for nature among students.
• The school environment should encourage, support and nurture
students’ capacities on green environment as integrated in the
curriculum and instruction.
• Environmental issues and concerns can be effectively addressed
when staffs and students execute in school functioning as apart of
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daily routine, such as creating a Green School.

 GREEN SCHOOL:
The Concept and Background

• The concept was introduced in Europe in 1990s while the Rio Earth Summit
of 1992 took cognizance of the need to take action in every are in which human
impacts on the environment.
• The World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) in Johannesburg in
2002 catalyzed the efforts to bring about a shift in 'educating the environment'
to 'educating for sustainability’.
• A continuous misuse and abuse of natural resources in quest for development
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that would tend the future to be at stake.

 GREEN SCHOOL:
The Concept and Background

• The United Nations launched the ‘Decade of

Education for Sustainable Development (DESD)’ in
2005
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 GREEN SCHOOLS and ESD

• Visualized as a school guided by the principles of environmental

sustainability.
• Seeks to create a conducive environment to fully utilize all
resources and opportunities inside and outside the schools and
orient everyone about active involvement of the community.
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 ESSENTIAL ASPECTS of
GREEN SCHOOL
ENVIRONMENT

• The 'Greenness' of a school finds A Green School adheres the

expression in various aspects of following precepts:
the environment.
• Learning about the
• Green School promote and has environment
clean, healthy, protective, green
• Learning through the
surroundings, ensures healthy
environment
hygienic and safe learning
environment with healthy • Learning for the environment
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practices.
 UNDERSTANDING GREEN
CURRICULUM
For a curriculum to be ‘Green’, it must include the following aspects:

- Environment is encompassing, multidisciplinary, dynamic, and has

scientific, social economic, political, technological dimensions.
- Being Holistic
- It holistically addresses sustainability concerns.
- Requires a Teaching -learning approach.
- A Green curriculum is a mutual concern for teachers and students.
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 CREATING A GREEN
SCHOOL

• It is a school that creates healthy learning environment conducive to

learning, while saving energy, environmental resources and money.
• Therefore, a Green School:
• reduces environmental impacts and costs
• improves occupants’ health and performance
• increases environmental and sustainability literacy
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 Characteristics of a Green
School.

It protects health. It increases student It saves energy and

performance. money.

It reduces carbon It reduces water It improves teacher

emissions. usage. retention.
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 Characteristics of a Green
School.

It improves daily It provides a unique It creates green

attendance. educational jobs.
opportunity.

It improves equity.
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 DARK GREEN SCHOOL
PROGRAM:
- A Dark Green School (DGS) Philippine
is a school Environmental
that delivers environmental Education through
assimilation of the environmental philosophy by the students in formal lessons, as well as
Perspective
activities inside the classroom. Accordingly, schools must:

A. Be clean and neat and financial support

B. Green spaces, proper waste
management, avoidance of harmful ones
C. Have management policies and
guidelines
D. Have well-planned environmental
curriculum for all levels, oriented &
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E. Faculty and students who are aware and
appreciate environmental program of
school
F. Reach out to an outside community and
spread concern for Mother Earth.
G. Engage in research that adds knowledge

trained faculty, administrative, library, of nature and impact of human activities

 ECOLOGICAL LIVING
PRACTICES
- Sustainable ecological living is based on different sets of principles.
- To assess the impact of our choices and actions, we need criteria from studying
the basic facts of life (Capra, 2003).

1. Matter cycles continually through the food

web of life 5. Life does not take over the planet by
2. Most of the energy that drives the combat but buy networking.
ecological cycles flow from tine Sun
3. Diversity assures resilience
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4. One species’ waste is another species

 - The dimensions of sustainability describe the environmental impacts of our
activities, the causes of which come from the socio-economic and political
systems of the society.
- Sustainable development entails three dimensions: Environmental,
Economic, and Social.
- Ecological living and literacy therefore provide people with the tools,
knowledge, and wisdom for taking concrete actions on their immense desire
to contribute to a better world and future (Capra, 2003).
- Ecological Living means to live in a way that :

1. Respects and replenishes the carrying 3. Enhances qualitatives relationships

capacity of our planet 4. Brings forth the best of our human
2. Honor our interrelatedness with all capacities for an ecologically sustainable
expressions of life and caring world.
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 A. INNER ECOLOGY (SMITSMAN, 2014)
1. Become a catalyst of change to
help co-create a better world and
future.
2. Care for and relate with non-
human beings while spending time
with nature.
3. Make the most of sustainability
crisis that forces us to learn,
dream, think, design, act and
relate in new ways.
4. Join the rest around the world in
becoming agents of sustainability.
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5. Nurture nature by taking care of
our body and become aware of
our natural body rhythms.
6. Become more energy efficient and
learn to recycle our own energy
7. Learn to compost our own waste
and no need to dump this into
others.
8. Become aware of rights, needs and
well-being of future generations
and explore how we can support
this in our actions.
 B. OUTER ECOLOGY (SMITSMAN, 2014)
• Educate themselves about the resources
that we, our family and/or organizations
utilize to fulfill and sustain our needs.
• Reduce, reuse, repurpose and recycle.
• Be aware of the real price of goods and
services that we use. Cheap products often
have hidden costs (e.g. the cost of child
labor, animal cruelty, or degradation of
Ecosystems)
• Find out any child labor practices or natural
resources that were sacrificed in the
process of producing products and services.
• Recycle grey-water
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• Collect and use rainwater,
• Create an organic vegetables garden
• Compost organic waste and use the
compost in the garden.
• Create a garden ( with a balance of
endemic/indigenous plants ) to support
local wildlife ( animals, insects, trees and
plants )
• Create a roof garden ( green.. roof ) as a
natural air-conditioning alternative to
increase garden space.
• Buy organic and local products as much as
possible.
• Support local businesses and organizations
that care for our planet.
 INTEGRATING ECOLOGICAL
LITERACY INTO THE
CURRICULUM
• The center for Ecoliteracy (2015) promotes a variety of
teaching strategies based on practices that are developmentally
appropriate to students’ level and are brain-based to foster
knowledge, skills and values essential to sustainable living (Sly,
2015)
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 INTEGRATING ECOLOGICAL
LITERACY INTO THE
CURRICULUM
• The center for Ecoliteracy (2015) promotes a variety of
teaching strategies based on practices that are developmentally
appropriate to students’ level and are brain-based to foster
knowledge, skills and values essential to sustainable living (Sly,
2015)
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 1. Place-based Learning

• An experiential learning that engages students in their own

environments and a strategy that captures their imagination and
advances environmental stewardship and civic engagement.
• Activities includes mapping the local environment to learn key
ecological and cultural principles etc.
• Learning takes Students out of the classroom and Into the
community and natural environment.
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 It adheres to the following principles:
1.1 Place based projects are integrated
back into classroom lessons.
1.2 Student want to learn in order to
apply their knowledge to solving real
problems.
1.3 Students play an active role in
redefining and recreating projects.
1.4 Students collaborate with local
citizens, organizations, agencies,
businesses and government.
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1.5 Student help make plans that shape
the future of their social, physical, and
economic environments.
1.6 Students are encouraged to view
their community as an ecosystem and
to understand their relationships and
processes necessary to support healthy
living.
 Benefits of place-based learning based on Research

1. Higher test scores

2. Better grade-point averages
3. Improved classroom behaviour
4. Increased self-esteem and problem-solving abilities
5. Higher-level thinking skills (Sly, 2015)
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 2. Project-based Learning
- It is a strategy that involves students in project that use a variety of
resources, including the community, technology, outside experts,
written resources, and the web, while the teacher usually serves as
facilitator of learning.

Impact on learners strategy:

• Increased critical thinking skills of students;
• Fostered positive attitudes toward subjects and exemplary
performance with conceptual questions and applied problems; and
• Improved positive study and work habits, problem-solving
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capabilities and self-esteem.

 3. Socratic Inquiry
- this is named after the Greek philosopher Socrates, who believed that
questions (not answers) stimulate learning.

The strategic implications of student learning:

• Students reveal their belief, misconceptions and values and eventually,
clarify their thoughts related to the topic being discussed
• Students become more adept in critical thinking
• Students improve their listening skills and learn to better articulate their
thoughts and ideas and become more tolerant of diverse opinions.
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 4. Experiential Learning
- it promotes students’ involvement in the real world and defines the teacher’s role as
a facilitator of learning.

Principles of learning associated with environmental literacy:

• Experiential Learning is a vital to schooling for sustainability
• Only through direct contact with the natural world will students develop an in-depth
understanding of fundamental ecological principles.
•By working with others to solve real-world problems, they also develop skills at the
heart of sustainable living.
• When students participate in experiential learning, they frequently follow the learning
cycle.
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• This js a process that starts with unstructured exploration, followed by concept

formation and application.
 5. Interdisciplinary Learning
- it emphasize connections between traditionally discrete disciples, such as math,
science, history, and language arts, rather than limiting learning to one content area at a
time.
Advantages of interdisciplinary Learning
•Students seek knowledge and skills from a variety of disciplines to provide an
expanded and more complex understanding of the topics
• When done well, interdisciplinary approach eliminates fragmentation and learning of
isolated skills.
• It allows students to access a particular theme from different entry points as they work
with a range of sources of information and perspectives.
• It also allows teachers to better differentiate instruction and create more interesting and
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rich methods of assessment.

 5. Interdisciplinary Learning

• It increases students’ motivation for learning, as well as their level of active

engagement.
• Students recognize the value of their learning and become more involved in
it.
• Students learn more when they apply a variety of skills to what they are
studying and when they interact with their classmates, teachers, and members
of the community.
• Interdisciplinary teaching and learning adheres to the principles that help
define sustainable living.
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 Module 11:

ARTS and
CREATIVE
LITERACY
 Creativity is the process of having original ideas
that have value. Moreover, creativity is the ability
to see the world in new ways. Therefore, creative
individuals exhibit the ability to switch between
different modes of thinking and shift their mental
focus that suggests a connection between creativity
and dynamic interactions of brain networks (Sun,
et.al, 2019)
• It is characterized by the ability to perceive the
world in new ways, find hidden patterns, make
connections between unrelated phenomena, and
generate solutions. (Naiman, 2011)

• Creativity begins with a foundation of

knowledge, learning a discipline, and to master a
way of thinking that can be learned through,
experimenting, exploring, and many more.
 5 KEY BEHAVIORS THAT
OPTIMIZE BRAIN FOR:
1. Associating or 4. Networking
drawing connections
to questions &
or meeting
problems people
2. Questioning or
posing queries 5. Experementing or
Constructing
interactive
3. Observing or experiences
Scrutinizing
 SEVEN HABITS of HIGHLY
CREATIVE PEOPLE
PREPARE THE EXPERIMENT and
GROUND EXPLORE

PLANT THE REPLENISH

SEEDS FOR YOUR
CREATIVITY CREATIVE
LIVE IN THE STOCK
LIBERATE
QUESTIONS
YOUR
CREATIVITY
FEED YOUR
BRAIN
EYE-HAND COORDINATION
- Also known as Hand-eye Coordination.
- It is the coordinated control of eye movement with hand
movement such as guide reaching grasping along with the
use of proprioception of hands to guide the eyes.
- It is very important for child development and academic
success
EXAMPLES of EYE-HAND COORDINATION

1.In Writing
2.Typing on a Keyboard
3.When Driving
4.In Sports
Problems and Disorder related to poor
eye-hand coordination
- Hand-eye coordination can also work poorly even if the person’s eyes and
vision are not affected and if their motor control skills work properly.

- Any alteration to the visual or motor systems can significantly affected hand-
eye coordination like visual or muscular problems, such as STRABISMUS
(crossed eyes), AMBLOPIA, MUSCLE HYPOTONIA, BALANCE PROBLEMS
or Crossed laterality.

- There are two main conditions for inadequate Hand-eye coordination:

1. VISION IMPAIRMENT
2. MOVEMENT DISORDERS
 Hand-eye Coordination Development
Stages
1. Between birth and three years of age, infant can accomplish the ff. skills and
can:

1.1 – Allows them to follow slowly moving objects

1.2 – Begin to develop basic hand-eye skills
1.3 – Begin to recognize place and direction
1.4 – Develop the ability to manipulate objects and fine motor skills
Hand-eye Coordination Development
Stages
2. Between three and five years of age, little children can:

2.1 – Developing hand-eye coordination; preference for left or right handedness

2.2 – Continue to understand and use concepts of place and direction
2.3 – Develop the ability to climb, balance, run , gallop, jump, push and pull
2.4 – Develop eye/hand/body coordination
Hand-eye Coordination Development
Stages
3. Children between five and Seven years old can:

3.1 – Improving fine motor skills

3.2 – Continue to develop climbing, balancing, running, galloping, and jumping
activities
3.3 – Continue to improve hand-eye coordination
3.4 – Learn to focus vision on school work
 VISUAL LITERACY
- It is the ability to read, write, and create visual images.
- It is about language, communication, and interaction
- VISUAL MEDIA is a linguistic tool in which we
communicate, exchange ideas. And navigate our highly
visual digital world.

- The term was first coind in 1969 by JOHN DEBES who

was founder of INTERNATIONAL VISUAL LITERACY
ASSOCIATION DEBES explains “ Visual literacy refers to
a group of vision-competencies a human being can develop
by seeing, having and integrating other sensory
experiences.”
 VERBAL CREATIVITY
- Creativity is more important now than ever before and
considered as useful and effective response to
evolutionary changes since it allows the individual to
flexibly respond to continuously changing conditions
around (Runco, 2004 in Fink, et. Al., 2015)

- Scott, et. Al (2004) cited that creativity-related skills can

be improved by providing specific rules, techniques or
strategies to develop appropriate cognitive skills for the
domain at hand.
FOUR COMPONENTS of DIVERGENT
THINKING:

1.Fluency
2.Flexibility
3.Originality
4.Elaboration
 AESTHETICS
- Britanica defines aesthetics, also spelled esthetics, as
the philosophical study of beauty and taste.

THE NATURE and SCOPE of AESTHETICS:

- Deals not only with nature and value of arts but

also with those responses to natural objects that
find expression in the language of the beautiful and
the ugly.
THREE APPROACHES to
AESTHETICS:
1. It is the study of aesthetic concepts or the analysis of
“Language of criticism.”

2. It is a philosophical study of certain states of mind,

responses, attitudes, and emotions

3. It is a philosophical study of the aesthetic object

 INTEGRATING ARTS and
CREATIVITY LITERACY into the
CURRICULUM
The following are strategies and initiatives in embedding arts and creative literacy in
the curriculum:

● PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
● EMOTIONAL ENVIRONMENT ● SCHEDULING
● PROJECT-BASED LEARNING ● STUDENT-CENTERED and
(PBL) PERSONALIZED LEARNING
● TEACH CREATIVE THINKING ● INCORPORATE ARTS
SKILLS ● INTEGRATION of
● ALTERNATIVE ASSESSMENTS TECHNOLOGIES
● PREPARING THE BODY and BR
AIN FOR CREATIVITY
 END

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