SAP OVERVIEW

Veeresh Kotiyan
Agenda
• What is SAP?
• Architecture and Landscape
• How it works
• SAP Netweaver Architecture
What is SAP ??
What is SAP?

SAP is the leading Enterprise Information and Management Package

worldwide.
Use of this package makes it possible to track and manage, in real-time,
sales, production, finance accounting and human resources in an enterprise

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History
Founded in 1972 by 5 ex-IBM employees

SAP stands for Systems, Applications, Products in Data Processing

Being incorporated in Germany, the full name of the parent company is

SAP AG

Located in Walldorf, Germany which is close to the beautiful town of

Heidelberg
SAP is the third-largest software company in the world

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Versions
First version of their software, SAP R/2, was released in
1979
SAP R/3, an advanced, client-server based version of the
popular R/2 product, was released in 1992
In 1999, SAP introduced major product upgrade named
mySAP.com
-MySAP.com also incorporates SAP's newest
business applications for CRM, Supply Chain
Management (SAP APO – Advanced Planner &
Optimizer), and Data Warehousing
(Business Information Warehouse or BW)
Then came Netweaver, ECC, mySAP ERP….

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 SAP R/3 System Business Modules

Logistical Sales &

Distribution
Financial
Accounting
Financial
Materials
Mgmt. Controlling

Production Fixed Assets

Planning

R/3
Mgmt.

Client / Server
Quality
Mgmt.
ABAP/4 Project
System

Plant
Maintenance Workflow

Human Industry
Resources Solutions

Industry /
Human Resources
Cross application

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R/3 System Configurations
Central System 2-Tier Configuration 3-Tier Configuration

Presentation
Presentation

Internet
Transaction
Service/Web
Application
Service

Database,
Application,
Database and Database
Presentation Application

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 Basis System: 3-Tier Computer Hierarchy
Central Database
(Storage of all data)

Access to Database:
(Read / Write data)

Database

Input / Output
of data to users

Processing of data
Application using application logic

Presentation of the
processed data to
Presentation the user

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What does R/3 Database contain?

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What is a Client?
•R/3 System clients are
organizationally independent.
• Each client has its own data
environment with its master data
and transaction data, user master
data, and its own customizing
parameters.
•Users in different clients co-exist
in the same R/3 System, but their
data is isolated and cannot be
accessed from another client.

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Clients in SAP Introduction

R/3 System Clients

Client 000
Client 001 Default clients
FI

Client 066
SD Finanz-
Vertrieb wesen
MM CO
Material- Controlling
wirtsch.
PP
Prod.
planung
R/3
Client 100 TR
Treasury

QM
Qual.- Basis Client 200 PS
Projekt- Customer clients for
manage-
ment PM WF
system
separating and isolating
Instand-
haltung
Workflow business data
HR IS

Client xxx
Personal- Branchen-
wirtsch. lösungen

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12/06/22 SAP Overview
Common Client Roles

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Additional Client Roles

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Sample SAP System Landscape
Development Testing Production

Database
Servers

Application
Servers

Presentation
Servers

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SAP Server Processes
The SAP runtime system consists of a number of parallel
processes that work together.

• DISPATCHER : The ABAP dispatcher distributes the user

requests to work processes
• WORK PROCCESSES :
− Dialog Work Processes fulfill all requests for the execution of Dialog
Steps triggered by an active user. At least 2 per dispatcher.
− Spool Work Processes pass sequential data flows to printers
− Update Work Processes execute update requests
− Background Work Processes execute programs that run non-interactively
− The Enqueue Work Process administers the lock table in the shared
memory

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SAP Web Application Server Processes
Presentation

SAP GUI

Communications
Application
Dispatcher

Work Work Work Buffers

Process Process Process

Data base

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SAP R/3 Process: Data Flow
Presentation SAP GUI
Terminal
Process
1
7
Application 2 Request queues
Dispatcher
3
6 SAP Memory Buffer
Roll
Work
Process Page

4
5
Data base Relational database system

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 SAP NetWeaver
SAP NetWeaver™ •Evolution of mySAP Technology
People Integration •Unifies and aligns people,
Multi-Channel Access information and business
Portal Collaboration processes
Composite Application Framework

–Integrates across technologies

and organizational boundaries

Life Cycle Management

Information Integration
Business Knowledge –A safe choice with full .NET and
Intelligence Management
J2EE interoperability
Master Data Management
•The business foundation for SAP
Process Integration and partners
Integration Business Process –Powers business-ready solutions
Broker Management
that reduce custom integration
Application Platform
–Its Enterprise Services
… … Architecture increases business
J2EE ABAP
process flexibility
DBDBand
andOS
OS Abstraction
Abstraction
.NET WebSphere

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People Integration 

Key Capability Description

Portal This capability provides industry-leading portal technology that delivers unified, personalized, and role-
based user access to your heterogeneous IT environment.

Collaboration Collaboration promotes cooperation in enterprises using virtual team rooms (Collaboration Rooms), real-
time communication (chat and application sharing) and the use of third-party groupware and
synchronous collaboration (for example, Microsoft Exchange, Lotus Notes, and WebEx). Because of
the close integration with Portal and Knowledge Management, it is easy to reuse their content.

Multi-Channel With Multi-Channel Access, you can connect to enterprise systems through web-based, voice, mobile,
access messaging, or radio-frequency technology. Multi-channel Access includes an universal and secure
Mobile Infrastructure to enable mobile business applications.

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 Portal Architecture 

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 Collaboration

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 Multi-channel access

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 Information Integration 

Key Capability Description

Business Intelligence SAP Business Information Warehouse.

Knowledge Management Permits common access to unstructured information and documents in a distributed storage
landscape. The repositories are directly linked to the portal with preconfigured or programmable
connectors. Selected functions:
●     Search
●     Classification
●     Construction of taxonomies
●     Check in / check out
●     Subscription
●     Versioning
●     Discussion forums

SAP Master Data Management

  Supports unified data storage across company branches in a heterogeneous IT landscape. It permits
common use of master data from systems that were originally different, and ensures that the data
is consistent across system boundaries, irrespective of the system location or vendor.

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 SAP Business Information Warehouse

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 Process Integration 

Key Area Description

Integration Broker SAP Exchange Infrastructure (SAP XI) forms the basis for the integration of business
processes

SAP Exchange Infrastructure permits XML/SOAP-based communications between

components of different origins. You can define the following objects:
 
·        Integration Scenarios
·        Interfaces
·        Mappings
·        Integration Processes

Business Process Management
Business Process Management encompasses the following areas:
- Control business processes within application systems by using SAP Workflow
- Control integration processes by using SAP Exchange Infrastructure
·  Control Ad-hoc Workflows by using the Universal Worklist (UWL) in the Enterprise
Portal.

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 SAP Exchange Infrastructure 

SAP Exchange Infrastructure (SAP XI) enables you to implement cross-system processes. It enables you to connect systems
from different vendors (non-SAP and SAP) in different versions and implemented in different programming languages (Java,
ABAP, and so on) to each other. SAP Exchange Infrastructure is based on an open architecture, uses open standards (in
particular those from the XML and Java environments) and offers those services that are essential in a heterogeneous and
complex system landscape:
●     Modeling and design of messages, transformations, and cross-component integration processes
●     Configuration options for managing collaborative processes and message flow
●     Runtime for message and process management
●     Adapter Engine for integrating heterogeneous system components
●     Central monitoring for monitoring message flow and processes
SAP XI supports internal company scenarios and cross-company scenarios.

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 Areas of SAP XI
Area
Integration Builder
Software Logistics for XI Objects
Design (Integration Repository)
Designing Integration Scenarios
Designing Integration Processes
(ccBPM)
Designing Interfaces and Proxy
Generation
Designing Mappings
Configuration (Integration Directory)
Defining Collaboration Profiles
Defining Receiver Determinations
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Description
Central tool for the design and configuration of the collaborative process. All the basic
functions of the Integration Builder are described in this section. All subareas for
design and configuration, and their editors (often graphical) in the Integration Builder,
are documented in the subsections for Design and Configuration (see below).
Organization of objects within SAP XI, versioning and transport of these objects.
Design of the collaborative process at the application component level. In the Integration
Builder, integration scenarios are used as the central point for understanding the
relationships between the objects involved (interfaces, mappings, integration
processes). You also use design at configuration time to map the collaborative process
to the current system landscape.
Design of executable integration processes. Cross-component integration processes
support a stateful message processing on the Integration Server.
Description and use of messages in interfaces for message exchange. You create
interfaces in the Integration Builder and use proxy generation to generate executable
proxies in SAP application systems. Furthermore, you can use the Integration Builder to
import message schema and SAP interfaces to the Integration Repository for use in the
further design process.
Design of graphical message mappings and import of Java and XSLT mappings.
Description of how to register these mapping programs for the source and target
interface.
Description of the technical sender and receiver options (and how to identify them) using
communication parties, services, and communication channels.
Description at a logical level of which service a message is to be sent to. The service can be
a business system, an integration process, or a service for a B2B communication.
SAP Overview
Areas of SAP XI

Defining Interface Determinations Assignment of a receiver interface to a sender interface. You also register
whether mapping programs are to be executed from the Integration
Repository for this interface pair, and if so, which mapping programs.

Defining Collaboration Agreements In a collaboration agreement you define which communication channel to use
to process messages for a particular combination of senders and receivers.

Defining Configuration Scenarios Grouping of all configuration objects by the scenario in which they are
required. You can apply integration scenarios from the Integration
Repository for a configuration scenario in the Integration Directory.

Runtime

Integration Engine Central runtime component of the Integration Server for receiving, processing,
and forwarding messages.

Proxy Runtime Runtime component for proxy communication between the Integration Server
and application systems based on SAP Web AS.

Adapter Engine Runtime components that use adapters to connect external systems and R/3
systems to the Integration Server by means of RFC calls. The IDoc adapter
and the plain HTTP adapter run independently of the Adapter Engine.

Central Monitoring Functions for monitoring the involved XI components, the message processing
by one or more components, and the performance of message processing.

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Application Platform 

Function Description
Architecture Overview of the architecture of the SAP Web Application Server with respect to the
different installation options.
ABAP ABAP is a programming language developed by SAP to develop business applications.
One fundamental application area is for processing data in a central database.
Java Support for Java 2 Platform Enterprise Edition (J2EE) for developing Java-based
business applications.
Business Services Services integrated into SAP Web AS, including document management, workflow, and
organizational management.
Connectivity Enables the exchange of application data between different SAP systems and with
external systems.
Databases and Operating Systems Overview of the databases and operating systems supported by SAP NetWeaver.
SAP Knowledge Warehouse Infrastructure for creating documentation, training material, and quality manuals.

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 Solution Life Cycle Management 

Solution Life Cycle Management (SLCM) is one of the key areas of SAP NetWeaver. It provides
you with the technology required for the entire life cycle of your solution, from its
implementation, through running a live system, to continuous modifications and upgrades

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Solution Life Cycle Management contains the following areas
Area Description

Installation and upgrade The installation and upgrade of SAP NetWeaver and its components is described both in individual
documents and in the SAP Library. The central documents for the installation and upgrade of
SAP NetWeaver are the Master Guide and Upgrade Master Guide. These documents both refer to
all other documentation that you need.

SAP Licenses This section gives you an overview of the tools that manage your SAP licenses.

Solution Monitoring The monitoring features in IT landscapes monitor IT components and processes that run across
multiple components. The monitoring results are displayed in a central system. Any problems
are displayed as alerts. You can use the relevant analysis methods to go to an appropriate
transaction or tool to evaluate the problem.

Support Platform The Support Platform is a proprietary SAP test platform that was created to execute plug-in
programs. Small Java programs that are contained in the plug-ins perform multiple analyses of
system processes and configurations.
The Support Platform runs on an SAP Web AS and allows you to analyze, correct, and monitor the
applications running on that system. You can also use it to check the requirements for
applications that you want to install, for example, for the Portal.

Statistics Statistics give you an overview of system performance and system load.

Application Log The application log is a tool that collects messages, exceptions, and errors. This information is
organized and displayed in a log.

System Management A wide range of system management functions enable you to control and configure your SAP
system.
Network Integration SAP Web Dispatcher
You can use the SAP Web Dispatcher as an access point for Web requests. These requests are then
distributed (using load balancing) between the individual SAP Web Application Servers of your
SAP system, which is behind the firewall.

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Solution Life Cycle Management …

High Availability High availability of an SAP system is guaranteed by reducing both unscheduled and
scheduled downtime to a minimum.

Software Change Management Software Change Management standardizes and automates the distribution and maintenance
of software in software landscapes.

Solution Manager The SAP Solution Manager gives you central access to tools, methods, and preconfigured
content that you can use while evaluating and implementing your solutions.
When your implementation is running, you can use the SAP Solution Manager to manage and
monitor systems and business processes in your solution landscape, and also to set up
and operate your own solution support.
Customizing Customizing settings enable you to adapt the non-company specific and industry-specific
functions shipped in an SAP system to the specific business requirements of your
enterprise.
Testing The Test Workbench is a complete environment for all test phases, including test
administration and the tests themselves.
Data Archiving You can use the data archiving functions to archive any completed business transactions that
are no longer relevant for your daily operations, and so significantly reduce the load on the
database.
SAP NetWeaver™ Problem This documentation is only available in English.
Analysis Guide (PAG)

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SAP Solution Offering
mySAP Business Suite SAP Netweaver
•mySAP ERP •SAP Enterprise Portal
•mySAP CRM •SAP Master Data Mgmt
•mySAP PLM •SAP Business Intelligence
•mySAP SRM •SAP Exchange Infrastructure
•mySAP SCM •SAP Web Application Server
•mySAP All-in-One •Technology Components
•SAP Business One
Industry specific Offering
•SAP for Aerospace & Defense
•SAP for Automotive
•…

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 From R/3 to Enterprise Service Architecture
Decoupling of process and functionality

Composite Applications
mySAP Business from SAP, Partners or individual NetWeaver Integration
Funktionality Funktionality
ECC SCM SRM CRM

„ ESA“ BI EP MI MDM PI SSM

Enterprise Service NWA
Architecture

NWA
„Netweaver“ BI SCM EP SRM CRM XI SSM
R/3 4.7
„mySAP“ EBP
R/3 4.6
„mySAP.com“
BBP BC
Work Online SFA
„enjoy“ R/3 4.5
place Store
APO B2B
„new BW
dimension“ R/3 4.0 ITS CCMS

„integration“ R/3 3.1

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 Thank You!

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