Natural Disasters

and Prevention
EISHA JALIL
ASMA RIZWAN
MOMIN SANA CHEEMA
SHEHRIYAR ZAFAR
 NATURAL DISASTERS

Earthquake Tornado Land Sliding Drought

Wildfire Flood Tsunami Typhoon

 What are Natural Disasters?

• A natural disaster is a serious occurrence brought on by

a natural phenomenon that has a significant negative
influence on people's health and lifestyle.
• These occurrences are the result of natural processes in
the geosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and
atmosphere.
 Floods

• Floods are often caused by heavy rainfall, rapid

snowmelt, or a storm surge from a tropical cyclone or
tsunami in coastal areas
• Floods can cause widespread devastation, resulting in
loss of life and damages to personal property and
critical public health infrastructure.
 1. Flash floods are caused by rapid and
excessive rainfall that raises water heights
quickly, and rivers, streams, channels, or
roads may be overtaken.
2. River floods are caused when consistent
Types of rain or snow melt forces a river to exceed
capacity.
Floods 3. Coastal floods are caused by storm surges
associated with tropical cyclones and
tsunamis.
 How to prevent Floods?
• Install water sensors or flood detection systems.
• Regularly test your sump pump & consider a
battery backup.
• Regularly clear debris from drains and ditches.
• Regularly check and clean downspouts and gutters.
• Improve grading and drainage around your home.
• Install flood skirts and barriers.
This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC.
 Landslides
The sliding down of a
slope of a mass of rock,
debris, or earth is known
as a landslide. Landslides
are a sort of "mass
wasting," which refers to
any downward movement
of soil or rock caused by
gravity force.
 Modifyin Modifying slope geometry.
g

Using Using chemical agents to reinforce slope material.

Installing Installing structures such as piles and retaining walls

Prevention
Measures: Grouting Grouting rock joints and fissures.

Diverting Diverting debris pathways.

Rerouting Rerouting surface and underwater drainage.

 Earthquake 
It is the sudden violent
shaking of the ground,
typically causing great
destruction, as a result of
movements within the
earth’s crust or volcanic
action.
 Causes of Earthquakes
• Volcanic eruptions
• Tectonic movements of the plates
• Geological faults
• Man-made causes such as tunnel construction, filling reservoirs and
implementing geothermal projects

This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY.

 The damages caused by earthquakes are:-
• Ground shaking
Aftermath • Ground rupture
Of • Landslides

Earthquakes • Tsunamis
• Liquefaction
 Precautionary
Measures
• Stay away from outer
walls, windows,
fireplaces and hanging
objects.
• Building safer structures
• Providing education on
earthquake safety
 Droughts
A drought is a period of
drier than normal
conditions that results in
water related problems.
 Causes of Droughts
• Natural causes
• Altered weather patterns
• Excess water demands
• Global warming
• Climate change

This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY.

 • Limit the growing season
• Conditions that encourage insect and disease
infestation
Effects of
• Low crop yields resulting in high food
Droughts prices which would eventually lead to
malnutrition