TECHNICAL SEMINAR ON

THERMOELECTRIC
COOLER
PRESENTED BY
NAME :P RAGHAVENDAR NAIK
(20845A0286)
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
AURORA’S TECHNOLOGICAL AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE PARVATHAPUR
UPPAL,HYDERABAD-500098
CONTENTS :
1. INTRODUCTION
2. HISTORY
3. COMPARISION BETWEEN THERMOELECTRIC

COOLER AND CONVENTIONAL REFRIGERATION

4. WORKING
5. APPLICATIONS
6. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
7. CONCLUSION
INTRODUCTION
Thermoelectric coolers are solid state heat pumps used in applications where
temperature stabilization, temperature cycling, or cooling below ambient are
required. There are many products using thermoelectric coolers, including CCD
(charge coupled device), laser diodes, microprocessors, blood analyzers and
portable picnic coolers. This article discusses the theory behind the
thermoelectric cooler, along with the thermal and electrical parameters
involved.
HISTORY
• The first important discovery relating to thermoelectricity occurred in 1821 when

German scientist Thomas Seebeck found that an electric current would flow continuously

in a closed circuit made up of two dissimilar metals, provided that the junctions of the

metals were maintained at two different temperatures. Seebeck did not actually

comprehend the scientific basis for his discovery.

COMPARISION BETWEEN THERMOELECTRIC
COOLER AND CONVENTIONAL REFRIGERATION :

THERMOELECTRIC COOLER CONVENTIONAL REFRIGERATION

• Silent operation-no heavy • Noise operations-compressor

compressor-low cost--no moving modules are quite heavy-some
parts-compact and durable-both moving parts-only cooling mode
cooling /heating mode operations- operation-not ease to maintenance-
ease of servicing and maintenance. high volage durable
WORKING :
Thermoelectric are based on the Peltier effect

• Peltier found there was an opposite phenomenon to the Seebeck

Effect, whereby thermal energy could be absorbed at one dissimilar
metal junction and discharged at the other junction when an
electric current flowed within the closed circuit.
•
If a voltage (E) is applied to terminals T, and T₂, an electrical current (1) will flow in
the circuit. As a result of the current flow, a slight cooling effect (Q) will occur at
thermocouple junction A (where heat is absorbed), and a heating effect (Q) will
occur at junction B (where heat is expelled). A cooling effect strong enough to keep
appliances and computers cool is created. One plate is the "cool side" while the
other is the "hot side." The cold side goes inside an ice-free cooler or wine
refrigerator, while the hot side is connected to metal fins that act as a heat sink to
help dissipate excess heat on the outside of the appliance.
APPLICATIONS OF THERMOELECTRIC COOLER

• Electronic enclosures
• Laser diodes
• Laboratory instruments
• Temperature baths
• Refrigerators
• Telecommunications equipment
• Temperature control in missiles and space systems
• Thermoelectric Blankets used in medical for ICUs and NICUs
ADVANTAGES OF THERMOELECTRIC COOLER

• An interchange of heating and cooling process can be exercised just by reversing the polarity.
• The weight per unit registration is considerably lower than conventional refrigeration system.
• These units are much more flexible than conventional units.
• Simple and fewer parts required.
• Suitable for low capacity.
• No moving parts; noiseless.
• No leakage problem
• Very long life
• Easy control.
DISADVANTAGES OF THERMOELECTRIC
COOLER

• Do not power the TEC modules for a long time when there is no heat sink.
• Single TEC modules has small power
• Not suitable for high capacity
 CONCLUSION:

• thermoelectric cooling are being studied exhaustively for the past several years and various conclusions
have been conceived regarding the efficient functioning of thermoelectric refrigerators. The solution to
above problems can only be resolved with the development of new techniques. There is a lot of scope
for developing materials specefically suited for TE cooling purpose and these can greatly improve the
C.O.P. of these devices.
THANK YOU