MEDICATION ADMINISTRATION

Dr. Leonila M. Adarlo, RN,MAN

 Rights in Drug Administration
• Right patient Right Documentation
• Right Drug Right to Refuse
• Right Dosage Right Preparation
• Right Frequency Right expiration Date
• Right Route Right Evaluation
• Right Assessment Right Prescription
• Right Education Right Principle of Care
• Right to Universal
Precaution
 Intradermal/Intracutaneous Injections
Purpose:
• To identify allergens and administer local anesthetics
Equipment:
• Gauze pad
• cotton with alcohol
• dry cotton ball
• medicine
• tuberculin syringe g 27 to 29, 3/8 to ½ in needle
• MAR or computer printout
• Ballpen
• Medicine tray
• Disposable gloves
 Intradermal/Intracutaneous Injections
Procedure
1. Identify client. Provide privacy and explain the
procedure
• Ensure clients identity and increases clients
participation and cooperation
2. Assist client into a comfortable position. Relax the arm
with forearm extended on a flat surface. Distract
client by talking about an interesting subject.
• To divert clients attention
 Intradermal/Intracutaneous Injections
Procedure
3. Wash hands and put on clean gloves.
• Reduces transmission of microorganism
4. Select injection site. Use antiseptic swab in a circular
motion to clean skin at site. Assess the skin for
bruises, redness, broken tissue, inflammation, edema,
tenderness
• To ensure cleanliness at the site. Site should be free
of lesions
• (forearm site should be 3 to 4 finger widths below
antecubital space)
 Intradermal/Intracutaneous Injections
Procedure
5. Prepare the syringe for injection. Pull cap from
needle. Express air bubbles from the syringe
• Ensure correct dosage and free from air
6. Administer injection. Stretch skin over site with forefinger
and thumb.
• Facilitates good needle insertion
Insert needle slowly until resistance is felt; then advance to no
more than eight of an inch. Slowly inject the medication.
Note a small bleb forming under the skin surface.
• Indicates that the medication was injected into the dermis
 Intradermal/Intracutaneous Injections
Procedure
7. Withdraw the needle, applying gentle pressure
with the swab.
8. Pat area gently with a dry gauze pad. Do not massage
the site.
• Prevent medication from being dispersed into the
tissue, altering the result
9. Draw a circle around the perimeter of the bleb with a
ball point pen-ANST o O-Antibiotic
• Allows for easy recognition and observation of the
injection site
 Intradermal/Intracutaneous Injections
Procedure
10. Assist the client to a comfortable position.
• Promotes comfort
11. Discard the uncapped needle and syringe safely.
• Prevents needle sticks
12. Remove gloves and wash hands.
• Reduces spread of microorganism
13. Document procedure if indicated.
• Provide record of the procedure done
 Intramuscular Injection

Purpose:
• To administer medication the clients require-HepaB and
Vit k
Equipment:
• Gauze pad
• cotton with alcohol
• dry cotton ball
• medicine
• 3 or 5cc syringe, g 20-23, 11/2 inch needle-1cc
• MAR or computer printout
• Medicine tray
• Disposable gloves
 Intramuscular Injection
Procedure
1. Identify client. Provide privacy and explain the
procedure
• Ensure clients identity and increases clients
participation and cooperation
2. Assist client into a comfortable position.
• Relax the arm with forearm extended on a flat
surface.
• Vastus lateralis- lie flat or supine with knee slightly
flexed
 Intramuscular Injection
Procedure
Ventrogluteal, lie on side or back with knee and hip
slightly flexed
Dorsogluteal-prone with feet turned inward or on
side with upper knee and hip , flexed and placed
in front of lower leg
Deltoid- stand with arm relaxed at side or sit with
lower arm relaxed across abdomen
• Distract client by talking about an interesting
subject.
• To divert clients attention
 Intramuscular Injection
Procedure
3. Wash hands and put on clean gloves.
• Reduces transmission of microorganism
4. Select injection site. Use antiseptic swab in a circular
motion to clean skin at site. Assess the skin for
bruises, redness, broken tissue, inflammation, edema,
tenderness
• To ensure cleanliness at the site. Site should be free
of lesions
 Intramuscular Injection
Procedure
5. Prepare the syringe for injection. Pull cap from
needle. Express air bubbles from the syringe
• Ensure correct dosage and free from air
6. Administer injection:
• With dominant hand, hold syringe like a dart between
thumb and forefingers
• Facilitates good needle insertion
 Intramuscular Injection
Procedure
• Spread skin tightly, or pinch a generous section of
tissue firmly for cachectic patient
• Insert needle quickly at 90 degrees angle like a
dart
• Quick insertion decreases clients anxiety and the
amount of discomfort
• Release the skin. Grasp the lower end of the
syringe with non- dominant hand and position
dominant hand to the end of the plunger. Do not
move the syringe
 Intramuscular Injection
Procedure
• Pull back the plunger to ascertain if needle is in
a vein. If no blood appears slowly inject the
medication
• Aspiration of blood indicates intravenous
placement of needle so procedure may have
to be abandoned
 Intramuscular Injection
Procedure
7. if the blood appear , discard in a sharp
container
8. Remove the needle quickly while
applying pressure with the antiseptic
swab
• Promotes comfort
 Intramuscular Injection
Procedure
9. Assist the client to a comfortable position.
• Promotes comfort
10. Discard the uncapped needle and syringe
safely.
• Prevents needle sticks
11. Remove gloves and wash hands.
• Reduces spread of microorganism
12. Document procedure if indicated.
• Provide record of the procedure done
Intramuscular Injection
Intramuscular Injection
Intramuscular Injection
 Eye Medication
APPLYCREDE’S
PROPHYLAXIS
 Introduced by Dr. Crede a
German gynecologist
 Prophylactic treatment
against gonorrhoeal
conjunctivitis and
Chlamydia infection
 Eye Medication
 Parents preferred to visit their
infants before the procedure
to ensure their
newborn can focus on them
without blurry vision
 Always use a single-use tube
or package of ointment, to
avoid transmitting
infection from one newborn
to another.
 Eye Medication
Procedure:
1. Dry the eyes and face of the
newborn with soft gauze
square/cotton
Rationale: So that the skin is
not slippery

2. Shade the eyes from the

overhead light.
 Eye Medication
Procedure:
3. Open one eye at a time
by applying pressure on the
lower and upper lids.

4. Squeeze a line of
ointment about 1cm long
along the lower
conjunctival sac from
inner to outer canthus
 Eye Medication
Procedure:
5. Close the eye for 5
seconds
Rationale: To allow the
ointment to spread
across the
conjunctiva.