Demography

What does demography means?

 The study of statistics such as births,

deaths, income, or incidence of disease,
which illustrate
 The changing structure of human
populations
 The composition of a particular
human population
Importance of demography

 The study of demography is of importance

to an economy. Population studied help
us to know how far the growth rate of
the economy is keeping pace with the
growth rate of population. If population
is increasing at a faster rate , the pace
of development of the economy will be
slow.
 Demography is concerned with the growth
and distribution of population in less
developed countries as well as
underdevelopment and developed
countries.
 And also the importance of demography
lies in its contribution to helping
government and society better prepare to
deal for the issue and demands of
population growth, aging and migration
 Overpopulation
 Is an undesirable condition where the number
of existing human population exceeds the
carrying capacity of earth. Overpopulation is
caused by number of factors. Reduced morality rate,
better medical facilities, depletion of precious
resources are few of the causes which results
in overpopulation. It is possible for a sparsely
populated area to become densely populated if
it is not able to sustain life.
Top 20 largest countries by population
(live)
 1. CHINA 1,420,713,177
 2. INDIA 1,370,651,711
 3. U.S.A 329,395,706
 4. INDONESIA 269,893,707
 5. BRAZIL 212,591,059
 6. PAKISTAN 205,091,680
 7. NIGERIA 201,631,073
 8. BANGLADESH 168,287,136
 9. RUSSIA 143,886,594
 10. MEXICO 132,532,672
 11. JAPAN 126,811,979
 12. ETHIOPIA 110,477,142
 13. PHILIPPINES 108,314,587
 14. EGYPT 101,403,390
 15. VIETNAM 97,551,236
 16. D.R CONGO 87,086,690
 17. TURKEY 83,098,151
 18.IRAN 82,926,161
 19. GERMANY 82,457,466
 20. THAILAND 69,322,112
Yearly Growth Rate (%)
 Population in the world is currently (2018-
2019) growing at a rate of around 1.07 % per
year (down from 1.09% in 2018, 1.12% in
2017 and 1.14% in 2016). The current
average population increase is estimated at
82 million people per year.
 Annual growth rate reached its peak in the late 1960s,
when it was at around 2%. The rate of increase has
nearly halved since the, and will continue to decline in
the coming years. It is estimated to reach 1% by 2023,
less than 0.5% by 2052, and 0.25% in 2076 (a yearly
addition of 27 million people to a population of 10.7
billion0. In 2100, it should be only 0.09%, or an addition
of only 10 million people to a total population of 11.2
billion. World population will therefore continue to grow
in the 21st century, but at a much slower rate compared
to the recent past. World population has double (100%
increase) in 40 years from 1953 (3 billion) to 1999 (6
billion)
Solutions to overpopulation

 BETTER EDUCATION: one of the

first measures is to implement
policies reflecting social change.
Educating PEOPLE helps them
understand the need to have one or
more children at the most.
 MAKING PEOPLE AWARE OF FAMILY
PLANNING: As population of this world is
growing at a rapid pace, raising awareness
among people regarding family planning and
letting them know about serious after
effects of overpopulation can help curb
population growth. One of the best way is to
let them know about various safe sex
techniques and contraceptives methods
available to avoid any unwanted pregnancy
 TAX BENEFITS OR CONCESSIONS:
government of various countries might
have to come with various policies related
to tax exemptions to curb overpopulation.
One of then might be to waive of certain
part of income tax or lowering rates of
income tax foe those married couples who
have single or two children. As we
humans are more inclined towards money,
this may produce some positive results.
 KNOWLEDGE OF SEX
EDUCATION: Imparting sex education to
young kids at elementary level should be must.
Most parents feel shy in discussing such things
with their kids which result in their children going
out and look out for such information or internet or
discuss it with their peers. Mostly, the information
is incomplete which results sexually active
teenagers unaware of contraceptives and
embarrassed to seek information about same. It is
therefore important for parents and teacher to
shed their old inhibitions and make their kids or
students aware of solid sex education.
 THAT’S
ALL
THANKYOU!!!