AS1 KYLA GABIOLA

ELECTRICAL
SYMBOLS
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1. Wires and connections

A 'blob' should be
 Wire  Wires drawn where wires are
joined connected (joined), but
it is sometimes
omitted. Wires
connected at
'crossroads' should be
To pass current very
staggered slightly to
easily from one part of a form two T-junctions,
circuit to another. as shown on the right.
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 Wires not In complex diagrams it is

often necessary to draw
joined wires crossing even
though they are not
connected. I prefer the
'hump' symbol shown on
the right because the
simple crossing on the left
may be misread as a join
where you have forgotten
to add a 'blob'!
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2. Switches
 Push Switch
(push-to-make)
A push switch allows current to flow
only when the button is pressed.
This is the switch used to operate a
doorbell.

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 Push-to-Break Switch

This type of push

switch is normally
closed (on), it is open
(off) only when the
button is pressed.

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 On-Off Switch (SPST)

SPST = Single Pole,

Single Throw. An on-off
switch allows current to
flow only when it is in
the closed (on) position.

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 2-way Switch (SPDT)

SPDT = Single Pole, Double
Throw. A 2-way changeover switch
directs the flow of current to one of
two routes according to its position.
Some SPDT switches have a
central off position and are
described as 'on-off-on'.

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 Dual On-Off Switch

(DPST)

DPST = Double Pole, Single

Throw. A dual on-off switch which
is often used to switch mains
electricity because it can isolate
both the live and neutral
connections.

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 Reversing Switch
(DPDT)
DPDT = Double Pole, Double
Throw. This switch can be
wired up as a reversing
switch for a motor. Some
DPDT switches have a
central off position.

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 Relay

An electrically operated switch, for

example a 9V battery circuit
connected to the coil can switch a
230V AC mains circuit. NO =
Normally Open, COM =
Common, NC = Normally Closed.

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3. Output Devices: Lamps, Heater, Motor, etc.

 Lamp (lighting)
A transducer which converts
electrical energy to light. This
symbol is used for a lamp
providing illumination, for
example a car headlamp or torch
bulb.

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3. Output Devices: Lamps, Heater, Motor, etc.

 Lamp (indicator)
A transducer which converts
electrical energy to light. This
symbol is used for a lamp
which is an indicator, for
example a warning light on a
car dashboard.

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3. Output Devices: Lamps, Heater, Motor, etc.

 Heater

A transducer which converts

electrical energy to heat.

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3. Output Devices: Lamps, Heater, Motor, etc.

 Motor

A transducer which converts

electrical energy to kinetic
energy (motion).

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3. Output Devices: Lamps, Heater, Motor, etc.

 Bell

A transducer which converts

electrical energy to sound.

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3. Output Devices: Lamps, Heater, Motor, etc.

 Buzzer

A transducer which converts

electrical energy to sound.

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3. Output Devices: Lamps, Heater, Motor, etc.

 Inductor (Coil, Solenoid)

A coil of wire which creates a
magnetic field when current
passes through it. It may have
an iron core inside the coil. It
can be used as a transducer
converting electrical energy to
mechanical energy by pulling
on something.
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4. Power Supplies

 Cell

Supplies electrical energy. A

single cell is often wrongly
called a battery, but strictly a
battery is two or more cells
joined together.

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4. Power Supplies

 Battery

Supplies electrical energy. A

battery is more than one cell.

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4. Power Supplies

 DC supply

Supplies electrical energy. DC

= Direct Current, always
flowing in one direction.

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4. Power Supplies

 AC supply

Supplies electrical energy. AC

= Alternating Current,
continually changing direction.

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4. Power Supplies

 Fuse

A safety device which will 'blow'

(melt) if the current flowing
through it exceeds a specified
value.

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4. Power Supplies

 Transformer Two coils of wire linked by an

iron core. Transformers are
used to step up (increase) and
step down (decrease) AC
voltages. Energy is transferred
between the coils by the
magnetic field in the core.
There is no electrical
connection between the coils.
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4. Power Supplies

 Earth (Ground)
A connection to earth. For
many electronic circuits this is
the 0V (zero volts) of the power
supply, but for mains electricity
and some radio circuits it really
means the earth. It is also
known as ground.
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PARTS OF A SIMPLE
ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT

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Schematic Diagram

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Load – are electrical device like lighting fixture and appliances that
consumes electrical energy.

Path – are wire use as conductor of electricity which provides passage for
electric current from the source and back.

Control – is an electrical device that control or turns the circuit on and off
conveniently.

Source – are electrical energy coming from either alternating current or

direct current that provides electrical power to the circuit.
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TYPES OF ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT

Series Circuit
- This types of circuit in which
all load is connected in a
straight line, like a chain.
- If one load is open (defective)
other loads will not function as
well.

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TYPES OF ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT

Parallel Circuit –
In voltage, the voltage
drop across each load is
the same. - When load is
open (defective), the other
will not be affected. - Are
connected allowing
multiple paths for current
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TYPES OF ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT

Series and Parallel

Circuit

– a special type of
circuit that combination
of series and parallel
connection in one
circuit.

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thank you for

listening!

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