TPE

VALVE TIMING DIAGRAMS

204110050
KRISH RANA
2 Stroke Petrol Engine
 2 stroke petrol engine

in this cycle before expansion stroke that is at angle of 50 degree before TDC position of piston the inlet valve
opens air fuel mixture enters from inlet port and inlet port closes at an angle of 50 degree after TDC position of
piston here when piston reaches TDC combustion of air fuel mixture takes place due to spark and expansion stroke
starts when piston move from TDC to BDC during expansion stroke the high pressure and high burnt gases forces
the piston to perform power stroke this stroke also known as expansion or working stroke near the end of
expansion stroke the exhaust port opens at an angle of 60 degree before BDC position of piston this will exhaust of
combustion residual gases and transfer port open at an angle of 45 degree before BDC position of piston for
scavenging process and closes at an angle of 45 degree after BDC position of piston now exhaust valve closes at
angle of 60 degree after BDC position of piston this will done to suck fresh air through transfer port and to exhaust
burn gases through exhaust port and compression process will start when piston move from BDC to TDC the
pressure inside compression chamber increases due to start of compression stroke and cycle starts again by opening
inlet port at an angle of 50 degree before TDC position of piston
2 stroke Diesel Engine
 2 stroke diesel engine

in this cycle before expansion stroke that is at an angle of 10 degree before TDC position of piston the inlet valve
opens the fresh air enters from inlet port and inlet port closes at an angle of 15 degree after TDC position of piston
here the fuel is injected in form of very fine spray into engine cylinder which gets ignited due to high temperature of
compressed air and expansion stroke start when piston move from TDC to BDC during expansion stroke high
pressure and high temperature burnt gases forces the piston to perform power stroke this stroke also known as
expansion or working stroke near the end of expansion stroke the exhaust port opens at an angle of 60 degree before
BDC position of piston this will exhaust of combustion residual gases and transfer port open at an angle of 45 degree
before BDC position of piston for scavenging process and closes at an angle of 45 degree after BDC position of
piston now exhaust valve closes at an angle of 60 degree after BDC position of piston this will done to suck fresh air
through transfer port and exhaust burn gases through exhaust port and compression process start when piston move
from BDC to TDC the pressure inside compression chamber increases due to start of compression stroke and cycle
start again by opening inlet port at an angle of 10 degree before before TDC position of piston
4 stroke petrol engine
 4 stroke petrol engine

in this cycle there are mainly 4 strokes that is suction stroke compression stroke power stroke and exhaust stroke the inlet valve opens 15
degree before the TDC position of piston and during the suction stroke pressure inside the cylinder will be atmospheric pressure but when
piston moves from TDC to BDC volume increases and this will create volume difference inside the engine cylinder and due to this pressure
difference petrol and air mixture will enter into engine cylinder and fill completely with charge and inlet valve closes at an angle of 30
degree after BDC position of piston now compression stroke will start the charge contain in cylinder will be compress so pressure and
temperature of charge increases and mixture of petrol and air is ignited by electric spark at an angle 35 degree before TDC position of piston
the combustion of petrol releases hot gases which will increases pressure at constant volume this high pressure and high temperature burn
gases forces the piston to to perform power stroke this stroke also known as expansion or working stroke engine produces mechanical work
during power stroke near the end of power stroke exhaust valve opens at an angle of 35 degree before BDC position of piston this will
suddenly bring the cylinder pressure to atmospheric pressure exhaust gases are out of a cylinder at constant pressure then exhaust valve
closes at an angle 10 degree after TDC position of a piston but here inlet valve opens at an angle 20 degree before the TDC position of piston
for proper intake of air fuel which provides cleaning of remaining combustion residuals in combustion chamber so there is 30 degree of
valve overlap between inlet to exhaust valve before new cycle to start
4 stroke diesel engine
 4 stroke diesel engine

In this cycle there are mainly 4 strokes that is suction stroke compression stroke power stroke and exhaust stroke here you can see in
theoretical diagram suction valve opens at TDC position of piston but in actual valve timing diagram the inlet valve opens 25 degree
before the TDC position of piston and during the suction stroke pressure inside the cylinder will be atmospheric pressure but when
piston moves from TDC to BDC volume increases and this will create volume difference inside the engine cylinder and due to this
pressure difference fresh air will enter into engine cylinder and fill completely and inlet valve close at an angle of 25 degree after
BDC position of piston now compression stroke will start the fresh air contain in cylinder will compress so pressure and temperature
of fresh air increases and fuel in spread by fuel injector over the fresh air and at an angle of 5 degree before TDC position of piston
and fuel injection closes at angle of 25 degree after TDC position of piston the combustion of charge releases hot gases which will
increases pressure at constant volume this high pressure and high temperature burnt gases forces the piston to perform power stroke
this stroke also known as expansion or working stroke engine produces mechanical work during power stroke near the end of power
stroke exhaust valve opens at an angle of 45 degree before BDC position of piston this will suddenly brings cylinder pressure to
atmospheric pressure exhaust gases are out of cylinder at constant pressure then exhaust valve closes at an angle of 15 degree after the
but here inlet valve opens at an angle 25 degree before the TDC position of piston for proper intake of fresh air which also provide
cleaning of remaining combustion residuals in combustion chamber so there is 30 degree of valve overlap between inlet to exhaust
valve before new cycle to start