ACC & CORPUS CALLOSTOMY

Juan Miguel Bastidas

 • Basic structure of the brain
• What is ACC?
• Causes
• Symptoms
• Case study
OVERVIEW
• Corpus callostomy
• Procedures
• Risks and side effects
 BASIC STRUCTURE OF THE BRAIN

• Theres two hemispheres that make up the human brain

• The left hemisphere controls the right side of the body,
and the right hemisphere controls the left side of the
body
• Left hemisphere:
• In charge of sequential analysis
• Language and speech
• Analytical thought
• Right hemisphere:
• Spatial analysis
• Emotion
• Intuitive thought
 BASIC STRUCTURE OF THE BRAIN

• Both hemispheres are connected together by the the corpus

callosum
• Corpus callosum: Its the band of fibers that connect both
sides of the brain
• 200 million fibers
• Largest single structure in the human brain
• It basically transfers energy to process sensory and motor
cognitive signals
• The anterior callosal fibers transfer motor information
between the frontal lobes and the posterior fibers are
involved in the processing of somatosensory.
 WHAT IS ACC?

• Its the absence of the corpus callosum in the brain

• Information between both hemispheres is not transmitted to
one another

• The effects differ from patient to patient

• Normally its a birth defect

• Generally:
• Poor motor coordination
• Delays in learning to walk, talk or to read
• Mental and social problems becoming more apparent with age
 CAUSES

• It is caused by a disruption of brain cell migration during fetal

development

• Chromosomal defects that affect fetal brain development (trisomy)

• Certain viral infections in the mother that pass to the developing baby
(rubella)

• Exposure of the unborn baby to certain toxins or medications

• Abnormal brain development caused by cysts

• Normally caused late in the third trimester

 SYPTOMS

• Vision problems
• Hearing impairment
• Sleep difficulties
• Attention defficit
• Dimished coordination
• social immaturity
• poor understanding of slang, idioms, or social cues
CASE STUDY
 CORPUS CALLOSTOMY

• Its a surgical treatment for epilepsy

• A cut corpus callosum can’t send seizure signals from one

side of the brain to the other.

• Seizures still occur on one side of the brain where they start.

• Seizures tend to be less severe because they only affect half

of the brain.

• Helps with atonic seizures

• A person experiencing an atonic seizure suddenly loses

muscle strength and collapses or drops to the ground.
 PROCEDURE

• Removes a piece of your skull.

• Peels back a section of the dura

• Uses surgical microscopes to insert special instruments to

locate and cut the corpus callosum.

• Replaces the dura. 

• Uses stitches or staples to secure the skull bone back into

place.
 RISKS & SIDE EFFECTS

• Loss of coordination

• More partial seizures on one side of the brain.

• Swelling in the brain.

• Apraxia and aphasia

• Partial memory loss

• Feeling of depression