ETABS

By Abel M.
 SOFTWARES
Software's is mainly classified into three types in civil engineering.
 Based on architecture.
 Based on structural.
 Project management
Architectural software's mainly focus on planning, designing of
interior and exteriors.
Structural software's help to analysis and design the structural
members.
Project management software have the capacity to help plan,
organize, and manage resource tools and develop resource estimates
STRUCTURAL ARCHITECTURA PROJECT
L MANAGEMENT
• SAP 2000 • AUTOCAD • PRIMAVERA

• Robot Structural • 3DS - MAX • Microsoft Project

• STAAD PRO • REVIT ARCHI • QUANTITY SURVEY

• ETABS • ARCHICAD
• LUMION
• TEKLA Structural
Designer • GOOGLE
SKETCHUP
• SAFE
• Bentley Microstation
• Etc.
 CLASSIFICATION BASED ON COMPANIES

 CSI – ETABS, SAP2000, Csi Bridge, Csi SAFE, etc…

 AUTODESK - AutoCad, Civil 3D, Robot Structural etc…
 BENTLEY – WaterCad, Staad Pro, Inroad etc…
 Etc…..
ADVANTAGES OF USING STRUCTURAL
ANALYSIS SOFTWARE

• More Efficient
• Greater Flexibility
• Fewer Flaws (Errors)
• Time saving
• 3D Rendering
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN SOFTWARE

• ETABS- Extended three dimensional analysis of

building system
• SAP- Structural analysis program
• SAFE- slab analysis using finite element method.
 ETHIOPIAN BUILDING CODE STANDARD
• EBCS 1 - Basis of structural design
• EBCS 2 - Design of concrete structures
• EBCS 3 - Design of steel structures
• EBCS 4 - Design of composite steel and concrete structures
• EBCS 5 - Design of timber structures
• EBCS 6 - Design of masonry structures
• EBCS 7 - Geotechnical design
• EBCS 8 - Design of Structures for Earthquake Resistance
 DESIGN PROCEDURE
Step-1 unit management
Step-2 Creating Grid System
Step-3 Story Edit
Step-4 Defining Material
Step-5 Defining and Modelling Frame, Slab, Stair, Wall Sections
Step-6 Defining Load Types
Step-7 Assigning Load And Properties
Step-8 diaphragm, Insertion Point, Mesh etc.
Step-9 Analysis And Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures
Step-10 Detailing
Step-11 Project Report
 MECHANICAL PROPERTY
• Modulus of elasticity:- is a quantity that measures an object resistance
to being deformed elastically.
• Poisson ratio:- is the ratio of axial deformation to lateral deformation.
• Coefficient of thermal expansion:- is how the size of an object
change with a change in temperature.
• Shear modulus:- is a measure of resistance of an object to the
movement of the plane of the object in a direction parallel to the plan of
contact.
 PROPERTY STIFFNESS MODIFICATION

• Concrete has an inherent property of cracking and

all member do cracking. This cracking reduce
stiffness.
 Over estimated support moment
 Under estimated span moment
 deflection
PROPERTY STIFFNESS MODIFICATION FOR BEAM AND COLUMN
PROPERTY STIFFNESS MODIFICATION FOR SLAB
PROPERTY STIFFNESS MODIFICATION FOR SHEAR WALL
 SEISMIC WEIGHT (MASS SOURCE)

Seismic weight, W, is the total dead load of a building or a structure,
including partition walls, and applicable portions of other imposed loads listed
below
a) For live load up to and including 3 kN/m2, a minimum of 25% of the live load sh
all be applicable.
b) For live load above 3 kN/m2, a minimum of 50% of the live load shall be 
applicable.
c) Total weight (100%) of permanent heavy equipment or retained liquid or any imp
osed  load Sustained in nature shall be included.
 P­-DELTA EFFECTS OR SECOND ORDER EFFECTS
• P delta is a term coined from P that is load and delta is the lateral
deformation. These lateral deformations are more lethal in case of
earthquakes and not so much in case of wind.
• First order effects: action effects calculated without consideration of
the effect of structural deformations, but including geometric
imperfections
• Second order effects: additional action effects caused by structural
deformations
 GROUND ACCELERATION
• According to EBCS EN1998:2015 Ethiopia divides into 5 seismic
zone. Zone 0 being regions with zero ground acceleration, while zone
5 being regions with high seismic ground acceleration.
Spectrum type
• Type-1 large magnitude of earth quake
• Type-2 small magnitude of earth quake
GROUND TYPE
 BEHAVIOR FACTOR
• Is factor used for design purposes to reduce the force obtained from a
linear analysis in order to account for the non linear response of a
structure associated with, the material and the design procedures.
 LOAD COMBINATION
• Service combination- is normal load combination during
service time.
Deflection
Vibration
 Crack

Ultimate combination- is factored load combination.

Environmental load combination
 DESIGN LOAD COMBINATIONS
Structures for Seismic design category  the  structure shall be 
designed for 100% of the seismic forces one principal direction 
combined 
with Possible combinations a30% of the seismic forces in the orthogonal 
direction are:
“±100% in x-direction ±30% in y-direction” or
“±30% in x-direction ±100% in y-direction”