Middle Ages/ Rennaisance
Description
Middle Ages is known as the “dark
ages” as a time of war, ignorance,
famine and pandemics such as the  point to which their motions are to
Black Death.
The Renaissance was a fervent
period of European cultural,
artistic, political and economic
“rebirth” following the Middle
Ages. Generally described as taking
place from the 14th century to the
17th century, the Renaissance
promoted the rediscovery of
classical philosophy, literature and
art.
Science Technology
Copernicus Theory Mechanical Clock (996)
planets have the Sun as the fixed by Pope Sylvester II
 Pope Sylvester II built a clock for a
be referred; that Earth is a planet German town in 996 and it is
which, besides orbiting the Sun considered one of the oldest clocks.
annually, also turns once daily on A clock is a device used to
its own axis; and that very slow measure, keep, and indicate time. 
long-term changes in the direction
of this axis account for the 
precession of the equinoxes. This
representation of the heavens is
usually called the heliocentric, or
“Sun-centred,” system—derived
from the Greek helios, meaning
“Sun.”
This theory made scientists to discover our This invention helped humans to measure the
planetary movements known as the solar interval units they have for a day. This is the basis of
system. the modern clocks we have today
 Age of Enlightenment
Description
Also known as the Age of Reason,
was an intellectual and cultural
movement in the eighteenth century
that emphasized reason over
superstition and science over blind
faith
The ideas of the Enlightenment,
which emphasized science and
reason over faith and superstition,
strongly influenced the American
colonies in the eighteenth century.
Science
Locke’s Political Philosophy
1. Natural Law and Natural Rights
2. State of Nature
3. Property
4. Consent, Political Obligation,
and the Ends of Government
5. Locke and Punishment
6. Separation of Powers and the
Dissolution of Government
7. Toleration
This philosophy gave people a systematized
government.
Technology
Alcohol thermometer (1709) and Mercury
thermometer (1714)
by Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit
 In 1724, he introduced the standard temperature scale
that bears his name - Fahrenheit Scale - that was used to
record changes in temperature in an accurate fashion.
Thermometers measure temperature, by using
materials that change in some way when they are
heated or cooled. In a mercury or alcohol
thermometer the liquid expands as it is heated and
contracts when it is cooled, so the length of the liquid
column is longer or shorter depending on the
temperature.
Thermometers helped people to measure the
temperature of different substances knowing
the freezing and melting point of it. It is also
used to measure the normal body temperature
of humans in relation to health.
 Time of Extremes
Description
The years between 1900 and 1949
were a time of extremes that
included two world wars, a
revolution in Russia, and the
Depression in the United States.
Scientific revolutions brought
exciting new knowledge but also
called into question the most basic
concepts. New technologies and
materials provided more deadly
instruments of war but also
lengthened lives and eased the
demands on raw human muscle
power.
Science Technology
Quantum Mechanics Penicillin (1928)
by Erwin Schrödinger and Werner by Alexander Fleming
Heisenberg  SirAlexander Fleming, a Scottish researcher,
is credited with the discovery of penicillin in
Quantum mechanics is a fundamental
1928. At the time, Fleming was
theory in physics that provides a experimenting with the influenza virus in the
description of the physical properties Laboratory of the Inoculation Department at
of nature at the scale of atoms and  St. Mary’s Hospital in London.
subatomic particles.[2] It is the the discovery of penicillin changed the
foundation of all quantum physics course of medicine and has enabled
 including quantum chemistry,  physicians to treat formerly severe and
quantum field theory,  life-threatening illnesses such as
quantum technology, and  bacterial endocarditis, meningitis,
quantum information science. pneumococcal pneumonia, gonorrhea
and syphilis.
This discovery made a lot of changes on how Penicillin was used to treat wounds and
substances must be handled and be used for bacteria caused diseased of soldiers during
discoveries involving chemistry. the World War II.
 21 Century
Description
The current century where
technology had evolved
tremendously making people’s lives
easier. This is where virtual worlds
are created such as the social
media. The dominance of Internet
across the world.
st
Science
Sequencing the human genome
John Craig Venter
The American biologist is famous
for being one of the first to
sequence the human genome. He is
credited with creating the first cell
with a synthetic genome in 2010.
Founder of the J. Craig Venter
Institute, his current work is
focused on creating synthetic
biological organisms and also
documenting the genetic diversity
in the world's oceans.
in the field of synthetic life can be used for
creating bacteria that can be engineered to
perform specific purpose such as create fuel,
manufacture medicine, and correct
environmental problems like global warming.
Technology
Smart TV (2008)
By Samsung
A Smart TV, also known as a
connected TV (CTV), is a
traditional television set with
integrated Internet and interactive
Web 2.0 features which allows
users to stream music and videos,
browse the internet, and view
photos. Smart TV is a
technological convergence of
computers, television sets and set-
top boxes
It is now convenient for people to watch and
access the internet through smart tvs and this
is also widely used for educational purposes
in schools.