Proficiency Skills In English

PSE
Meeting one
Semester one
Miss. Islam Moheadeen
The Course Agenda
The course will include ……
12 Meetings
The first lecture is to be on ,September 17/ 2022.
The seventh meeting is Mid Term Exam.
Ten assignments
Three listening
Three writings
Three readings
One final presentation
THE MARKS DIVISION
Any Questions or Expectations
The difference between School
and University
 What is PSE?
Why do we need to study this subject?
Listening Activity

Listen to the track and answer the

question.
 Grammar

Present Simple for Academic

Purposes
We use the present simple tense to express the following
ideas:

 1) To frame a paper. It is used in introductions to

state what is already known about the topic, and in
conclusions to say what is now known.
Examples

1- Scholars share a common argument that

engineering is the most male dominated of all
professions.

2- Timing of college enrollment is associated with a

number of variables.
2) To point out the focus, main argument, or aim of the current
paper.

This paper analyzes the impact of high temperatures on

certain species.
 3) To make general statements, conclusions, and interpretations
about findings of current or previous research. It focuses on what is
known now.
 

Graduate school is regarded as crucial for starting an engineering career

because failure at this stage closes the door to professional engineering
careers, and later career trajectory change is more difficult the longer
it is delayed.
4) To refer to findings from previous studies
without mentioning the author’s name.

Children ingest roughly 50-200 mg soil/day [2,3].

 To refer to tables or figures.

Table 1 presents the structural units.

To relate future plans (often regarding programs and
timetables)

The plane takes off at 4:00.

The lecture starts at 8:30.
 Negative
EX. Tom is not an engineer.
Tom isn’t an engineer.
Subject + be ( am –is- are) + not + Verb + the rest of the sentence

Ex . He chews qat. He doesn’t chew qat.

Mary cooks lunch for her kids.
Mary doesn’t cook lunch for her kids.
Subject +do/does + not +verb +the rest of the sentence.
They don’t like action movies.
He and his father aren’t fat.
Jack has a nice car. Jack doesn’t have a nice car.
They don’t have kids.
Tim and John don’t like playing Tennis.
Sarah doesn’t study for her exam.
Question?
Sami is a pilot.
Is Sami a pilot?
They are smart kids. Are they smart kids?
Be( am – is – are )+ Sub+ the rest of the sentence?
His dad reads books every night. Does his dad read books every night?
Do they play the piano?
Does she use the laptop every day?
Do / does + sub + verb + the rest of the sentence?
 Yes/No Questions in the Present Simple

Always begin a sentence, question and wh-question with a

capital letter:
 He always does good work.
 Do you like me?
 What did they bring you?
Wh-Questions in the Present Simple
Wh- questions are questions that require more information in their answers.
Typical wh- words are
what, where, when, why, who, how, how many, how much.
Wh-Word + Auxiliary Verb Subject + Verb in Base Form + Rest of
Sentence
What do (I / you / we / they) want?
Why does (he / she / it ) shout at you?
 The most common time expressions in the
present simple are:
Adverb frequency
Always 100%
Often 90%
Usually 80%
Sometimes 50%
Rarely 20%
Never 0%
Examples
She usually does excellent research.
She is always late.
They sometimes study English at their home.
You and your friend are always on time.
Tom rarely rides his bike to his college.
Time expressions made up of one word are placed between
the subject and the verb in positive sentences and questions
and between the auxiliary verb and main verb in negative
sentences.

1- I always study hard for exams.

2- Do you usually speak to him like that?
on Wednesdays
every Wednesday
twice a week
once a month
in general
every other day.
Time expressions made up of two or more words are
placed either at the beginning or the end of a sentence
and usually at the end of questions.

1- Ben goes to football practice every Tuesday.

2- In general, I believe that all people can live in peace.
3- Do you go to the supermarket every week?
Passive Present Simple
The active voice is used when the subject of the sentence does the
action.

For example: My mom sings that song.

A B
In the example,
A is the subject and B is the object.
 The Passive

The passive voice is used when we focus on the object of the sentence.

In the example, B becomes the subject.

For example: That song is sung by my mom.

B A
We form the passive with be + past participle (3rd form of the verb).

In the present simple, the passive is: am / is / are + past participle (3rd

form of the verb).

Remember!
1. The past participle always stays the same. Only the form of be changes.
2.The subject and verb must always agree in number.
Do the Activity
Thank you