Institution Governing International Relations

International relation form a vital part of

contemporary international relations. They are the
central focus of policymaking efforts around the
world. These are organizations which international
membership, scope, or presence. As discussed,
these are international non-governmental
organizations (INGO) and intergovernmental
organization (IGO).
 These institution are classified under: general
inter-state organization (e.g. United Nations and
Organization of Islamic Cooperation), economic
institutions (e.g. Asian Development Bank and
International Monetary Fund); International Legal
Bodies (e.g. Human Right Committee and
International criminal Court); and regional security
arrangements (e.g. collective Security Treaty
Organization and North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
 The generalist inter-state organization
are composed of different nation with its
member states having the same aim and
purpose. Economic institution agencies or
foundations that provide products and
distribution of goods and services which is
important to the economy of the country.
 The international legal bodies uphold the
international law to maintain global peace and
order. While the regional security arrangements is
understood as a security arrangement politically,
regionally or globally with the clear understanding
that the security of one is the concern of all and
commits to a collective response to threats to and
breaches to peace.
Internationalism and Globalism
When different nations decided to cooperate with one
another in political, economic and cultural aspects for the
promotion of the common goods, this is a principle of
internationalism. While globalism is an ideology based
on the belief that people, goods and information ought to
be able to cross national borders unfettered. It is the
attitude of putting the interest of the entire world above
the interest of individual nations.
Accordingly, internationalism comes in three types;
1. Hegemonic Internationalism – is the dominance of
the country over a nation or nation-state. most often,
nations with ruling power will bring their successions
to the less influenced states. National are integrated
based on unequal terms. Colonialism and imperialism
are example of this The colonialization of the
Philippines bt Spain imposing their own system to the
Filipinos and their own cultural practices is a specific
example of this type.
2. Liberal Internationalism – is a belief introduced by
Immanuel Kant (1727-1804) that nations states should
give up some of their freedom and establish a
continuously growing global system consisting of
various nations working together to prevent
lawlessness in the world. Nations cooperate with one
another to achieve common goals like peace and
prosperity. Example of this is United Nation and
Group of Eight (G8) working hand in hand to maintain
peace and order among nations.
3. Revolutionary Internationalism – believes
that conflict in the society are due to
international factors and alliances. Nation-
state are forced to do what they think is right.
The French Revolutionary and the protest
against the Vietnam War in America are two
of the examples of this.
Germen Philosophers Karl Marx (1818-1883)
and Friedrich Engels (1820-1895), who gave
voice to the interests of the proletariat, always
recognized that the socialist-working class
movement is always an internationalist one.
Marx did not separate the world into countries
but divided into classes. The capitalist class
nation are the socialist class nation.
 4. This socialist internationalism existed in
which people belong in the working class
nation unite one another to protect
themselves against exploits, abuses, and
oppressions done by the capitalist class.
 The globalism and Globalization should not be
taken as synonymous terms. The two concepts are
not of the same phenomenon. Globalism is the
network of nation-state. The degree of relationship,
how thick or thin globalism is refer to
Globalization which focuses on the changes on the
forces, dynamism or speed. The distinct
dimensions of globalism are economic, military,
environmental, and social or cultural (Nye, 2002).
 Economic Globalism – involve long
distance flows of goods and services, capital
and information that company market
exchange. While Environmental Globalism
refers to the distant6 transportation of
materials in the aerial, fluvial, or terrestrial
aspects this biological substances that may
affect human health and well-being.
 The long distance network in which force,
and the threat or promise of force, are
deployed is Military Globalism. The “balance
of terror” during the cold ware between
Soviet Union and United States is an
example. The attack of the Twin Tower or
World Trade Center in New York on
September 11, 2001 is an example of military
globalization.
This is a decline in the degree of globalism
between Afghanistan and United States. The
fourth dimension involve movements of
information, ideas, images and of people who
carry those by people themselves which is the
Social or Cultural Globalism. This transfer
includes religions and diffusion of scientific
knowledge.
 The flow of ideas has increasingly becomes
independent since the social and cultural
globalization in these present times are driven by
the Internet. Changes in the various dimension do
not necessarily go together but one dimension may
be affected by another dimension. Globalism is not
certain. There is continuous increased in its
complexity that stakeholders continue to exert
efforts to comprehend and manage the process.
ACTIVITY # 5
1. While observing the people different places like in your community,
school, and local government, what are manifestation of globalization
you observe in the people by the way they think, act and behave. (write
your reflection in 150 words).
2. Watch the film “Life and Debt (2001) directed by Stephanie Back at
https//bit.ly/2ER5T0f. Assess the economic and social situation in Jamaica,
and specifically how the International Monetary Fund and the World
Bank’s structural adjustment policies have impacted the island.