Leveraging

Blockchain For
Land Registry

Submitted By Group 6:

1. Bhargav Ram Gurram 2022EPGP015

2. Lathesh Kumar Polampalli
2022EPGP024
3. Ramakant Janjeere 2022EPGP040
4. Rohit Sanjay Satarke 2022EPGP042
5. Sucharita Das 2022EPGP051
 Defining Land
Registry
⬥ The definition of land registration (the principal activity of a land
registry) is as follows: ‘Land registration generally describes systems by
which matters concerning ownership, possession or other rights in land
can be recorded (usually with a government agency or department) to
provide evidence of title, facilitate transactions and to prevent unlawful
disposal’.

⬥ Land registry is defined as a up-to-date land information system

containing a record of interests in land (e.g. rights, restrictions and
responsibilities).

⬥ It usually includes a geometric description of land parcels linked to other

records describing the nature of the interests, the ownership or control of
those interests, and often the value of the parcel and its improvements.

⬥ Land registries perform very similar functions, i.e. they provide a secure
and validated store of property and ownership data for use by buyers,
sellers, lawyers, surveyors and governments in the administration and
management of real estate.
 Actors In Land
Registry Stack
⬥ Owner/Seller/Landlord and Buyer/Tenant :Bundled together here are
the legal entities of owner, seller, landlord and buyers and tenants
⬥ Realtor/Real Estate Agent. The realtor or real estate agent is appointed to
represent the owner/seller/landlord in real estate transactions including
rental collections.

⬥ Bank or Finance Provider : The bank is a legal entity in the context of

a land registry and one of its main users/consumers.
⬥ Surveyor. The surveyor, as an independent quality assurance entity,
operates as a neutral and expert actor in the land registry.

⬥ Local Government : Local government, in all its varieties and roles, is

the ultimate owner of the land registry. Actors in Land Registry Stack In
addition to the legal

⬥ Land Registry Administrator: The land registry administrator

manages and maintains the land registry itself.

⬥ Auditor: The role of the auditor is that of independent audit of the land
registry’s accounts, books and records, and cash handling (if relevant).
Whatever the technology used to underpin the land registry, it is
assumed the role of auditor remains
 Problems Identified
⬥ The current land system in India does not fix the "double
spending" issue.

⬥ Blockchain can be a long-term, viable and best solution since it

can provide a decentralized platform for secure storage of these
papers.

⬥ The current system suffers from the security aspect as all the
papers are centrally stored in a government database which can
prove to be vulnerable.

⬥ Apart from this, numerous cases of corruption have occurred in

the past where illegally people could tamper with the government
records and this can be harmful.

⬥ The current centralized system has issues like bottlenecks, single

point of failure and chances of forgeries and frauds.
 Proposed System
Architechture
⬥ The land registry system will have an admin section. The admin
will login into the system by providing the necessary credentials.

⬥ The admin can search for a property by the Aadhar number of

owner or PropertyId.

⬥ Admin will enter the Aadhar number or the PropertyId and hit the
search button.

⬥ The Aadhar no or PropertyId will be searched from the database.

All the matching entries from the database will be displayed in
the form of URLs.

⬥ Hence we will get the list of all the property owned by the owner.

⬥ This system will solve the aforementioned problems like, single

point of failure and centralized access. Blockchain has already
solved the double spending problem so frauds and forgeries will
be eliminated using this system.
 Stakeholders Of
Proposed System
⬥ ADMINISTRATOR: The admin is the Government
Authority which is going to use the system to store the
land records and access them whenever required.

⬥ BUYER : The buyer will be able to contact the

Government Land Registry System to verify whether the
property belongs to the seller or not.

⬥ SELLER : Seller is the person whose property details

will be stored into the system and any buyer who wishes
to purchase land will contact the Government.
 Stakeholders And
Benefits Of Proposed
System
⬥ ADMINISTRATOR: The admin is the Government Authority which is going to
use the system to store the land records and access them whenever required.

⬥ BUYER : The buyer will be able to contact the Government Land Registry
System to verify whether the property belongs to the seller or not.

⬥ SELLER : Seller is the person whose property details will be stored into the
system and any buyer who wishes to purchase land will contact the Government.

⬥ In proposed system, when a land is bought by a person, the government authority

will provide the person with the hard copy of property papers and our system will
store the documents into the Inter Planetary File System (IPFS), a decentralized
database.

⬥ The IPFS network will generate the hash of document. This hash will be securely
stored into the Ethereum blockchain after satisfying the conditions of the smart
contracts.

⬥ The smart contracts will validate and verify the documents from the government
authorities. This will create a decentralized, tamper-proof ledger from which we
can retrieve the stored data easily.
 European Countries Using
Blockchain For Land
Registry
⬥ According to an estimation from one of the Swedish government’s project
partners, utilizing blockchain technology within the government’s land registry
system will save the government 106 million US dollars annually as it will help
eliminate paperwork, reduce fraudulent activities, and speed up transactions.

⬥ Poland has also guaranteed public online access to land registers and is introducing
an infrastructure to initiate land registration proceedings electronically, with the
use of qualified electronic signatures. 

⬥ In 2016, Georgia created a blockchain land registry system allowing members of

the public to verify the ownership of property deeds securely.

⬥ In 2018, the Netherlands formed a specialized unit intended to research the future
of blockchain in terms of legal issues, economic impact and ethics.

⬥ In 2018, 22 European countries signed a declaration to share blockchain

experience and expertise across Europe and launch EU-wide blockchain
applications. This declaration aims to enable blockchain technologies to be
adapted throughout the entire continent and pave the way for creating a European
ecosystem for blockchain services and applications and launching EU-wide
blockchain applications across digital markets.
THANK YOU