TOPIC

Project on bio diesel

WHAT IS BIO DIESEL
 Biodiesel is a renewable, biodegradable fuel manufactured domestically from vegetable
oils, animal fats, or recycled restaurant grease. Biodiesel meets both the biomass-based
diesel and overall advanced biofuel requirement of the Renewable Fuel
Standard. Renewable diesel, also called “green diesel,” is distinct from biodiesel.

 Biodiesel is a liquid fuel often referred to as B100 or neat biodiesel in its pure, unblended
form. Like petroleum diesel, biodiesel is used to fuel compression-ignition engines. See
the table for biodiesel's physical characteristics.
NEED FOR BIODIESEL
 The overwhelming concerns due to over exploitation of fossil resources
necessitate the utilization of alternative energy resources.

 Biodiesel has been considered as one of the most adaptable alternative to

fossil-derived diesel with similar properties and numerous environmental
benefits.
HOW IT IS MADE
 The process of making biodiesel is known as transesterification. This
process is achieved by adding methanol to vegetable oil. The process
requires a catalyst to increase the rate of the chemical reaction between
the methanol and vegetable oil. The catalyst used in the creation of
biodiesel is an alkaline. This can be either either Potassium Hydroxide
or Sodium Hydroxide.

 When the transesterification process is complete the catalyst can be

recovered completely unaffected by the chemical reaction that it helped
accelerate. This is along with the glycerol separated from the vegetable
oil.
 ADVANTAGES OF BIODIESEL

1. Produced From Renewable Resources

Biodiesel is a renewable energy source, unlike other petroleum products that will
vanish in years to come. Since it is made from animal and vegetable fat, it can be
produced on demand and also causes less pollution than petroleum diesel.

2. Can be Used in Existing Diesel Engines

One of the main advantages of using biodiesel is that it can be used in existing
diesel engines with little or no modifications at all and can replace fossil fuels to
become the most preferred primary transport.

3 Fossil fuels, when burnt, release greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide in the

atmosphere that raises the temperature and causes global warming. To protect the
environment from further heating up, many people have adopted the use of
biofuels. Experts believe that using biodiesel instead of petroleum diesel can reduce
greenhouse gases up to 78%.
4. Grown, Produced and Distributed Locally
Fossil fuels are limited and may not be able to fulfill our demand for coal, oil and
natural gas after a certain period. Biodiesel can work as an alternative form of fuel
and can reduce our dependence on foreign suppliers of oil as it is produced from
domestic energy crops.

5. Cleaner Biofuel Refineries

When oil is extracted from underground, it has to be refined to run diesel engines
during refining it releases many chemical compounds, including benzene and
butadiene in the environment which are harmful to animals, plants and human
life. Biofuel refineries, which mainly use vegetable and animal fat into biofuel,
release less toxic chemicals, if spilled or released to the environment.

6. Biodegradable and Non-Toxic

When biofuels are burnt, they produce significantly less carbon output and few
pollutants. As compared to petroleum diesel, biodiesel produces less soot
(particulate matter), carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbons, and sulfur
dioxide.
GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES
 The biofuels programme is in synergy with Government’s other
initiatives for Make in India, Swachh Bharat and doubling farmers’
income by 2022.
 Government’s major interventions in this sector includes administrative
price mechanism for ethanol, simplifying procurement procedures of
OMCs, amending provisions of Industries (Development & Regulation)
Act, 1951 and enabling lignocellulosic route for ethanol procurement.
 Oil PSUs are also planning to set up 12 Second Generation (2G) Bio-
refineries to augment ethanol supply and address environmental issues
arising out of burning of agricultural biomass especially in North India.
 Government also has approved National Policy on Biofuels-2018 in
June 2018. It aims at reaching 20% ethanol-blending and 5% biodiesel-
blending by year 2030.
OPPORTUNITY
 India is amongst the fastest developing economy of the world with
7% GDP growth rate. Fossil fuels play a major role in the energy mix
of India; however, the twin challenges of depletion of fossil fuels
coupled with environmental degradation have mandated research on
renewable alternative fuels in India, India is a diesel driven economy
as farming transportation and industrial sectors use diesel extensively
resulting diesel consumption four times higher than gasoline, The
most promising fuel either to supplement or substitute diesel in
Indian scenario is biodiesel.
CHALLENGES

 The major challenges for biodiesel commercialization in India are

the high production cost

 . Food crops are not sustainable for biodiesel production in Indian

context and efforts are underway for use of un-explored TBO. India
is also facing difficulties with land availability for large scale
production of non-edible oilseeds and initial research is also carried
out to develop algal biodiesel

 india is also facing difficulties with land availability for large scale
production of non-edible oilseeds and initial research is also carried
out to develop algal biodiesel.
CONCLUSION
Biodiesel is one of the best ways to improve air pollution in the
current scenario it causes less pollution compared to normal diesel as
its made from adding methanol to vegetable oil though
Commertialisation of biodiesel is hard but due to government efforts
and initiatives it’s becoming a more lucreative option
For the producers