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Global Demography
Global Demography
Global Demography
Demography
R e p o r t e r :
G I E N E V I E V E
B U S T I L L A
1. Global Demography
a. The Definition
b. Why Demography Matters…
Outline 2. Difference between Fertility and Birth Rate
3. Demographic Transition and its Stages
(Report)
4. Countries’ life expectancy, fertility, and mortality
rate.
5. Age Structure
What is Global Demography?
DEMOGRAPHY is …
- the study of human populations
– their size, composition and
distribution across space – and
the process through which
populations change.
S L I D E 3
People Have Ever Lived on Earth
7,849,974,769
S L I D E 4
TOP 20 LARGEST COUNTRIES BY POPULATION
- 2021 As of March 4, 2021 (11:51am
PHT)
S L I D E 5
Why Demography
Matters?
1. For the Economy
Population studies help us to know how far the growth rate of the
economy is keeping pace with the growth rate of population.
2. For Society
When population is increasing rapidly, the society is faced with
innumerable problems. Shortages of basic services like water,
electricity, transport and communications, public health, education,
etc.
3. For Political System
It is on the basis of the census figures pertaining to different areas
that the demarcation of constituencies is done by the election
commission of a country.
Birth Rate Fertility Rate
S L I D E 7
Demographic Transition
Demographic transition is a
singular historical period during
which mortality and fertility rates
decline from high to low levels in
a particular country or region.
The broad outlines of the
transition are similar in countries
around the world, but the pace
and timing of the transition have
varied considerably.
Example
1. Peru
S L I D E 9
STAGE 2
Stage two is characterized by
improved heath care, sanitation and
increased food supplies leading to a
rapid fall in death rates.
Example:
1. Afghanistan
S L I D E 1 0
2. Pakistan
STAGE 3
Stage three is characterized by a
decreased growth rate of a
population. Birth rates begin to fall.
Example
1. Japan
2. Russian Federation
3. Germany
4. Spain
5. Italy
6. Portugal, etc.
S L I D E 1 3
Demographic Transition
S L I D E 1 4
FRANCE USA
TOTAL FERTILITY RATE
S L I D E 1 5
“Baby Boom”
S L I D E 1 6
• According to Maddison (2001), life expectancy in India
was only 24 years in the early 20th century and same life
(30+ years) expectancy occurred in China in 1929 until
1931.
• In Japan, the
total fertility rate
did not drop
below 5 births
per woman from
1920 - 1929.
S L I D E 1 8
Japan (1950 to 2100)
DEATH
RATE
In 20th
Century,
mortality rate
decline in
AFRICA and
ASIA with the
exception of
JAPAN
FERTILITY
RATE
S L I D E 1 9
• During the 19th Century, Europe had an increased in share in the
world’s population, from 20.8% to 24.7%.
• While ASIA’s contribution dropped from 64.9% to 57.4%
S L I D E 2 0
The United Nations
projected that
population growth
will be shifted
toward AFRICA.
1820 - 7%
1900 - 6%
S L I D E 2 1
S L I D E 2 2
With (medium) fertility rate of 2.5 (2020-2025)
JAPAN AGE STRUCTURE
S L I D E 2 4
QUICK SUMMARY
S L I D E 2 5
QUESTION:
Is Japan underpopulated or overpopulated country? And
why?
S L I D E 2 6
Thank You
For Listening!
Reference
Aldama, P.K. (2018). The Contemporary World (1st ed., pp.18-19). Sampaloc Manila: Rex Book Store, Inc.
More, H. (2019). Biology: Demographic Study. Retrieved from https://thefactfactor.com/facts/pure_science/biology/demography/1838/
#:~:text=Objectives%20of%20Demography%3A,the%20population%20of%20an%20area
Sanchez, M.J. (2021). Demographics in the Philippines - statistics & facts.
Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/topics/5799/demographics-in-the-philippines/ Demographics in the Philippines - statistics & facts
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KANEDA, T. (2020). How Many People Have Ever Lived on Earth? Retrieved from https://www.thinkadvisor.com/2016/05/27/9-factors-that-
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https://www.arcgis.com/apps/MapSeries/index.html?appid=1553c2f234b74879b29b0f823df85196
The World Counts. (n.d.). How Many Babies Are Born Each Day? Retrieved from https://www.theworldcounts.com/stories/how-many-babies-are-
born-each-day