Week 3

IoT in Library
 IT and the Library Infrastructure
• The IT infrastructure in most libraries should consist of the following 10 elements:
1.Hardware, specifically computers and accessories
2.Software, including all the programs and applications that are used in running the library and
providing services to the users
3.LAN, including the library’s internal communications network and its devices
4.WAN, which encompasses internet services, virtual private networks (VPNs), and other
networks
5.ILS, which helps manage the collections, library services, and user accounts
6.Library websites and other electronic marketing tools, including social media
7.Databases
8.Paperless information resources (electronic or digital media)
9.Training resources to help staffers and users develop technology skills
10.Administration, including IT department management and contract managers

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 The IoT Concept
• In recent years, several new IT concepts have emerged around the IoT.
• The IoT refers to physical devices that are connected to and exist as entities on the internet. The devices may be in the form of
appliances or security systems in homes; the OSs in cars, trucks, and construction or farming equipment; the sensors in traffic
signals and street lighting; the smart tags on items in stores; and the mobile devices that many users wear or carry with them at
all times. The data streaming over internet connections may serve a variety of business purposes, including equipment
performance monitoring, system updating, and inventory control.
• “The Internet of Things (IoT) is a scenario in which objects, animals or people are provided with unique identifiers and the
ability to transfer data over a network without requiring human interaction.” (TechTarget 2018)
• The importance of the IoT is evident in that it allows the connection of things anytime, anywhere, with everyone and everything
connected to the network. The potential of the IoT is best shown in smart cities where continuously monitoring the data
generated from sensors can result in efficiencies in managing resources.
• While some issues remain, including privacy safeguards, data interoperability standards, and
cybersecurity measures, we can say that the various technologies needed to support the IoT can and
will be integrated so that the IoT’s full potential can be realized. Among the enabling technologies
are some that should be familiar to librarians: radio frequency identification (RFID), machine-to-
machine (M2M) communications protocols, and semantic search capabilities, including metadata
and discovery tools (Vermesan and Friess 2013)

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 IoT in Libraries
• Libraries are changing – that’s a fact. Today’s libraries look nothing like
the libraries we grew up with 30 years ago…think card catalogs and
cardigan wearing librarians shushing you for talking above a whisper.
• Today’s libraries look more like community hubs and places full activity,
innovation and technology. The reason for this change is simple. Libraries
have had to adapt in order to maintain a relevant presence in our society.

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 IoT in Libraries
• Rather than be left behind, libraries have met the challenges associated with the
adoption of new technologies head on and have adapted to these changes in
order to provide the best services to patrons. In fact, it has become second
nature to provide patrons with what they have come to expect in our technology
driven world. ​At its core, libraries are having the same mission as they always
have…to meet the needs of their communities.
• One of the most recent changes in technology is the shift from the ‘Internet of
Communication’ to the ‘Internet of Things’ or IoT. This exciting and emerging
technology makes it possible to connect everyday objects, that are not
themselves computers, by embedding sensors in them. This means that the IoT
can include anything from factories, cars, appliances, toothbrushes, pacemakers
and even lightbulbs.
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 IoT in Libraries
• The data collected from these sensors is then transferred over a network without requiring
human interaction, all while having the networking capabilities that make it possible to
communicate with each other, access Internet services and interact with people. (Techtarget
2018). In short, the IoT are simply objects or things where the infrastructure and
technology involved are sensors, processors, cloud computing, and wireless connectivity.
• It stands to reason then that this new paradigm is bound to impact library models, patron
experiences, and our everyday lives. It will bring a myriad of changes to the library arena,
most importantly the way the library connects and communicates with its patrons.
• Some of the ways that the IoT is already utilized in libraries are technologies such as RFID
(radio frequency identification) technology that allows for item identification and item
security, machine 2 machine (M2M) communication, which are devices such as self-check
kiosks or automated materials handling machines, and semantic search technologies that
include metadata and discovery tools.

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 Other potential areas of IoT implementation for libraries

1.Improved access to collections and resources – ​IoT could make it possible to install RFID
on all library shelves so patrons could quickly find where a book is located. Patrons could
then be directed right to its location using a special app​.
2.Collection management and Inventory Control – ​Library material​​can be controlled by
applying sensors on them. By connecting the sensor to the internet, the movements of each
item can be tracked. This can provide real time data, thereby providing better inventory
control as well as help patrons easily find the item they’re looking for. ​This could be done
using a special app on their smartphones.
3.Recommendation & Notification service- ​Smartphones could be detected in the library, via
Wi-Fi or Bluetooth, and send targeted communications to patrons. For instance, ​IoT imbedded
in patron library card will trigger a notification to readers who owe a fine to the library when
they enter the building. This notification with a link directs patrons to the payment page. Iot
could also be used to send a notification about a new fiction book in the library while the
patron is looking for books in the fiction aisle.

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 Other potential areas of IoT implementation for libraries

4. Mobile Technology and Location based services – ​track IoT devices to

determine traffic patterns of patrons to improve space design or to better
pinpoint popular library areas. Patrons could connect their phones to sensors
and receive notifications to locate items from their favorites list. ​This data
could help in optimizing staff, understand genre patterns and spot
opportunities.
5. Safety – ​By installing internet-connected fire sensors, disastrous fires can be
dealt with more swiftly dealt and safely from outside the library
6. Cost Savings & Appliances Monitoring – ​by using smart lighting that is
controlled by the internet to sense when to have lights on or off or by
implementing a smart energy system where energy consumption can be
controlled according to need.
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 Other potential areas of IoT implementation for libraries

7. Drones – ​Right now being tested by Amazon, there are implications here
for libraries as well. It would become very easy to get materials to
homebound patrons or people living in remote service areas.
8. Automatically Survey Patrons​– IoT sensors can know when patrons are
leaving the library and automatically send a survey to the patron. Data can
be collected to determine if the patron was satisfied with their experience.
9. Direct patrons to special displays, programs and events – ​Most
libraries, apart from storing books, organize events, such as storytelling,
book discussion etc, and educational programs for children, teens and
adults. With beacons deployed in the library, information about these
events and special displays is just taps away.

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 Challenges
• While the IoT promises to make an extraordinary change in our entire way of life and
work—not just for libraries and librarians—realizing the IoT’s potential presents
challenges to IT leadership inside and outside libraries. In some cases, there needs to be a
change in business culture, the structure of projects, and leadership strategy in order to
place a strong focus on innovation, cooperation, and integration.

• IoT systems are currently vulnerable to tampering; consider what that would mean for
transport and traffic systems, other critical city infrastructure, and public safety. There are
still concerns about the consistency, conformity, and reliability of fixed-object
communications across mobile networks and through to remote control devices. And you
can imagine what failures might mean for traffic control, public lighting, and emergency
response efforts. But on its best day, the IoT should also provide support and protection
to all places, inside and outside the libraries. And as libraries, we should lead the way.

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 Risks of IoT Implementation
• The rewards of this technology are many, but is also not without its risks.
Libraries need to take into account a few serious considerations before
implementing new IoT technologies.
1.First is privacy and security of patron’s data as there is a possibility of sharing this
data with third parties, which may lead to hacking.
2.Secondly, the cost of investing in IoT technologies in terms of money, manpower and
time.
3.Thirdly, staff training in the usage of these new technologies.
• Having no plan for staying on top of technology change guarantees the
failure and irrelevance of libraries. Since we have no plans of letting that
happen, libraries need to herald in these technology changes as they happen
and be ready to implement them.
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 Referensi

• https://princh.com/blog-iot-technologies-in-libraries/#.Yx1IFXZBy3A
• https://www.ifla.org/g/libraries-for-children-and-ya/the-internet-of-thi
ngs-serving-libraries/
• https://www.infotoday.com/cilmag/jan19/Abo-Seada--The-Impact-of-t
he-Internet-of-Things-on-Libraries-and-Users.shtml

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Thank you