PRESENTATION FOR

NO. 15 PHYSICS
PAPER ONE
COMPILED BY NJAWUZI MARVIN LAWRENCE
 15 a) i) Explain how cathode rays are produced

The filament is heated by the low voltage supply.

Electrons are emitted thermionically from the cathode
Electrons are accelerated towards the anode with the aid of the E.H.T(Extra-High Tension) between
anode and cathode
Emitted cathode rays go past the anode and strike the screen at point A
Giving the screen all their energy, making it fluorescent.
15 a) ii)How can the charge on cathode
rays be determined(2mks)
 A stream of fast moving electrons is emitted from the cathode is directed towards
a region between two oppositely charged parallel plates
 It is observed that the cathode rays are deflected towards the positive
plate(repelled away from the negative plate)
 This implies that they carry a negative charge.
15 b) i )

The electron reverses direction

because of the repulsive force that
exists between the electron and the
negative plate of the electric field.
15 b) ii)

 U=3x10^7 m/s D=0.4m

 Electrostatic force by electron= kinetic energy gained
 eVa=0.5muxu
 Va=0.5muxu e
 Va= 0.5x9.11x10^-31 x(9x10^14) (1.6x10^-19)
 Va=2562.1875V
 Finding electric field intensity;
 From E=V/D
 E=2562.1875/0.4
 E=6405.46875N/m
15 c) How a mass spectrometer can be used to determine specific
charge of positive ions

 Positive ions from the source with various velocity ranges are directed towards
the velocity selector chamber of the mass spectrometer with crossed electric and
magnetic fields applied at the same time
 The crossed electric and magnetic fields work in such a way that the electric field
deflects the ions to the left while the magnetic field deflects them to the right
ht
 In this region the magnetic force acting on ions =electric force acting on them
qE= qV
 where q=charge on the ions, E=electric field intensity B1=magnetic flux density
in velocity selector region, V=velocity of the ions which surpass the velocity
selector region
marvinjea@gmail.com
 15 c) Continued
 Positive ions of the same charge q pass through the region undeflected with velocity
V=E/………………….(i)
 Selected ions enter the momentum selector region with only a magnetic field of flux
density B2. This magnetic field makes the ions to describe a circular path as it makes
them experience a centripetal force. Ions strike the photographic plate
 In this region the magnetic force experienced by ions=centripetal force
 q V=m/r………………(ii)
 Where m=mass of the ions and r=radius of the circular path described which is measured
 Charge to mass ratio is given by(from i and ii );
 q/m=E/XX r
 #Mungawu physics
15 d)

 V=10^3 B=0.2T
 Electrostatic energy lost =kinetic energy gained
 qVa=o.5m
 =qVa/0.5m………………………(i)
 Also magnetic force on ions= centripetal force
 Bqu=m
 =(/………………………….(ii)
 q/m=Va/(0.5)
 = 10^3/(0.5xx()
 =9.45x10^7C/kg
marvinjea@gmail.com