Collision Free Protocol-Bit Map Protocol

Mansi Thakur
MCA
Contention Free Protocol-Bit
Map Protocol

Bit-map Protocol
Binary Countdown
Limited Contention Protocols
 Bit-Map Protocol
8 contention slots Frame 80 Contention Slots
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
z
1 1 1 1 3 7 1 1
z
1 d
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 5 1 2

The basic bit-map protocol

 Bit-Map Protocol
• Protocols that broadcast their intention before that actually transmit
are called reservation protocols.
• Low-Load condition
Average wait conditions for low-numbered stations:
• N/2 slots for current scan to finish , and
• N slots for the following scan to run to completion before it may begins transmitting
• 1.5 slots wait time.
Average wait conditions for high numbered stations:
. 0.5N slots wait time
Mean of all statins is N time
 Bit-map Protocol
• Efficiency:
Overhead bits N d
Data bits d (d + N)
• High-load
N bit contention period is prorated over N frames , yielding an
overhead of only 1 bit per frame:
• Efficiency d
• Mean delay (d + 1)
Sum of time it queues in the station +
(N-1)d + N
 Collision- Free Protocols

Station

Token

Direction of
transmission

Token
Ring
 Token Passing
• Message is passed called token from station to the next in same
predefine order.
• Token Ring and Token Bus work the same way.
• One has to pay attention to the ring because if it not removed from
circulation it will end up begin there forever.
• Typically it will be removed by the receiving station and sending
station.
 Binary Count down
Bit time
0123
0 0 1 0 0 ___
0 1 0 0
0 ___
1 0 0 1
100 _
1 0 1 0
101 0
Result 101 0

Stations 0010 Station 1001

and 0100 see this see this 1 and give up
1 and give up

The binary countdown protocol. A dash indicates silence

 Binary Countdown
• A binary with the basic bit –map and token passing protocols is the overhead of
1 bit per station.
 Large overhead for the network with large number of the stations.
• A better solution is to use binary station address with a channel that combines
transmissions.
• A station wanting to use the channel now broadcasts its address as a binary bit
string , starting with high-order bit. The addresses are assumed to be the same
length.
• The bits in each address position from different stations are BOOLLEN.
The are OR-ed together by the channel when they are send at the time.
Binary Countdown protocol