The Human Genome

Biology Grade 11
Mrs. Mai shuman
By: Aimee Sameh
What is human genome ?

• A genome is an organism’s complete set of

genetic instructions. Each genome contains all of
the information needed to build that organism and
allow it to grow and develop.
• The human genome is stored on
23 chromosome pairs in the cell nucleus and in
the small mitochondrial DNA.  all of the
approximately three billion base pairs of
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that make up the
entire set of chromosomes of
the human organism
Human Genome , definition

• The human genome includes the coding regions

of DNA, which encode all the genes (between
20,000 and 25,000) of the human organism, as
well as the noncoding regions of DNA, which do
not encode any genes. By 2003 the DNA
sequence of the entire human genome was
known.
Human genome, Description

• The human genome, like the genomes of all other

living animals, is a collection of long polymers of
DNA. These polymers are maintained in duplicate
copy in the form of chromosomes in every
human cell and encode in their sequence
of constituent bases
(guanine [G], adenine [A], thymine [T],
and cytosine [C]) the details of the molecular and
physical characteristics that form the
corresponding organism.
Man Vs Chimpanzee

• Comparisons of specific DNA sequences between

humans and their closest living relative,
the chimpanzee, reveal 99 percent identity,
although the homology drops to 96 percent if
insertions and deletions in the organization of
those sequences are taken into account. This
degree of sequence variation between humans
and chimpanzees is only about 10-fold greater
than that seen between two unrelated humans.
Man Vs Other species

• From comparisons of the human genome with the

genomes of other species, it is clear that the
genome of modern humans shares common
ancestry with the genomes of all other animals on
the planet and that the modern human genome
arose between 150,000 and 300,000 years ago.
All living things have a unique genome?.

• Genes control different characteristics such as

eye color and height.
• The human genome is made of 3.2 billion bases
of DNA but other organisms have different
genome sizes.
• Every living thing has its own unique Genome or
DNA Signature.
• You can know your ancestry and your relatives
from your Genome through DNA testing.
The Genome Sequence
The Genome Composition
The sources

• https://kids.kiddle.co/Human_genome

• https://www.britannica.com/science/human-geno
me

• https://www.yourgenome.org/facts/what-is-a-geno
me

• //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_genome