B.

TECH FIRST YEAR

ACADEMIC YEAR: 2022-2023

Course name: Basic Civil Engineering

COURSE CODE : CV1001
LECTURE SERIES NO : 03 (THREE)
CREDITS : 03
MODE OF DELIVERY : OFFLINE (PPT)
FACULTY : SOURAV KUMAR DAS
EMAIL-ID : souravkumar.das@jaipur.manipal.edu
DATE OF DELIVERY : 28-September 2022

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 Syllabus
Introduction: - Scope of Civil Engineering, Role of Civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on
economy of country;
Surveying: - Principles and types of surveying, Site plans, Linear measurements, Angular measurements, Levelling, and
Contouring.
Buildings: - Properties, uses of stones, bricks, cement, timber, steel, and paints. Properties of concrete. Components of
buildings and their functions, basic concepts of R.C.C., type of foundations, layout of building plan, different types of floor
areas, floor space index, building bye laws.
Mechanics of Solids: - Forces and Equilibrium, Graphical and analytical treatment of concurrent and non-concurrent co-
planer forces, Free body diagram. Centroid and centre of gravity, Moment of inertia of simple and composite areas;
Normal stress and strain, Hooke’s law, modulus of elasticity, modulus of rigidity, allowable normal stress and strain.
Estimation and Costing: - Types of estimates and contracts, Tenders, NIT, EMD and Security deposits, Award of work,
measurements, billing and payments.

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OUTCOMES
After completion of this chapter, students will be able to

Know the scope and role of civil engineering in the development of a society.

OUTLINE
Scope of Civil Engineering
Role of Civil Engineer in Society
Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country

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 What is Engineering?

The word engineer originates from the Latin term ‘ingenerare’,meaning

to invent,
to create or
to regulate

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 Engineers v/s Scientists
Deviations between engineers and scientists arise through the differences in the
ways both apply their educations in mathematical and natural sciences to their
work
Engineers Scientists
Use their education to develop Use their education to acquire
usable devices, structures and new knowledge
process

Aim to do Seek to know

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 Civil Engineering

A People Serving Profession

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 Civil Engineering

 Oldest branch of engineering, next to Military Engineering. All engineering works other than
for military purposes were grouped in Civil Engineering.

 A professional engineering discipline that deals with the analysis, design, construction and
maintenance of infrastructural facilities such as buildings, bridges, dams, roads, etc.

 Application of physical, mathematical and scientific principles for the convenience of

civilization.

 Began between 4000BC and 2000BC (during ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia, Indus valley
Civilizations).

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 Civil Engineering

Pyramids in Egypt

Dubai Towers, Dubai, UAE

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Scope of Civil Engineering

Branches
of Civil
Engineering

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 Scope of Civil Engineering
Geotechnical Engineering

 All structures are founded on ground.

 Forces from structures are safely transferred to soil.
 Essential to understand ground behaviour and interaction between soil and structures.

Involves Branches
 Foundations of Civil
 Slopes Engineering
 Retaining structures
 Highway pavement design
 Embarkment and earth dams
 Tunnels, underground structures and deep cuts
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 Scope of Civil Engineering
Geotechnical Engineering

Branches
of Civil
Engineering

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 Scope of Civil Engineering
Building Materials
 This deals with material used for construction.
 Bricks, tiles, soil, cement, stone, sand, steel, aggregates, glass, wood, plastics etc. include
construction materials.
 Some are natural and many are man made.

Branches
of Civil
Engineering

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 Scope of Civil Engineering
Building Materials
 This deals with the proper used of desired material economically and safely.
 The mechanical properties of these materials shall be sufficient to avoid failure and
excessive deformation and provide durability.
 The chemical properties shall be to maintain a good environment.

Branches
of Civil
Engineering

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 Scope of Civil Engineering
Construction Technology & Management

 This deals with planning, scheduling and

execution of construction activity related
to a project.

 Comprises of men, material, time Branches

and
money management. of Civil
Engineering
 Emphasis will be on new construction
practice, use of appropriate and local
technology, safety of men and material,
utilization of materials etc.

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 Scope of Civil Engineering
Construction Technology & Management

Construction Managers:
 Review contracts
 Order materials
 Hire and schedule sub-contractors
Branches
of Civil
Job of a Construction Manager is to: Engineering
 Provide quality control
 Ensure project is completed on time
 Within budget

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 Scope of Civil Engineering
Environmental Engineering
 Environment is the available nature around us.
 It includes the life support system such as water, air and land/soil.

Branches
of Civil
Engineering

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 Scope of Civil Engineering
Environmental Engineering
 Environmental engineering deals with the
technology to save nature from human and natural
abuse and pollution.
 The study involves balanced compromise between
environment and safety.
Branches
It deals with of Civil
• Technique of water collection,Engineering
purification
and supply
• Wastewater collection, treatment and
disposal
• Control of all types of pollution

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 Scope of Civil Engineering
Hydraulics Engineering
 Hydraulics is one of the oldest branch
of science applying the fundamental
principles of the behaviour of fluid at
rest or in motion.

 It mainly deals with the practicalBranches

problems of flow of water, this is an of Civil
applied science which is based on the
Engineering
results obtained from the experiments,
with results in the formation of
empirical formula and have very
limited use

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 Scope of Civil Engineering
Water Resource & Irrigation Engineering
 Water resource engineering deals with
identification & utilization of available
water resources minimizing the loss.

 Surface water such as river and lake

water and ground water are usefullyBranches
managed. of Civil
Engineering
 This also deals with ground water
utilization, ground water recharge and
rainwater harvesting.

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 Scope of Civil Engineering
Irrigation Engineering
 Irrigation engineering deals with water
management for agriculture purpose.

 Dams are constructed at the desired

locations to store water in reservoir when
the supply from river is good and utilize
Branches
for useful purpose during drought. Canals of Civil
are built for supply the water Engineering
for
agriculture, drinking and other purposes.

 During excess input, water is allowed to

main river through the body of dam to
avoid flooding.
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 Scope of Civil Engineering
Architecture & Town Planning
 Giving beauty to buildings is architecture
 Enhancing the appearance
 Maintaining heritage

 Proper planning of towns & cities

 Planning the layout Branches
 Planning the road of Civil
 Separating the commercial, residential,
Engineering
academic and industrial areas
 Planning green belt
 Planning sewage disposal units
 Planning water treatment plants and water
storage units
Presently these are separate subjects 21
 Scope of Civil Engineering
Remote Sensing & GIS
Remote sensing is defined as the science and
technology by which the characteristics of
objects of interest can be identified, measured or
analysed the characteristics without direct
contact.
Good mapping technique helps to get required
Branches
information accurately and quickly to effectively
of Civil
manage and monitor the available resource for
Engineering
optimal use.
GIS is a high-tech equivalent of map. It
represents means to locate ourselves in relation
to world around us. It deals with measurement,
mapping, monitoring and modelling of
geographic information around us.  22
 Scope of Civil Engineering
Structural Engineering
 Structure is the assemblage of two or more basic elements such
as beams, slab, column, truss, frame, shells etc.

 Deals with the requirements considering design for limit states

of collapse and serviceability.
Branches
of Civil
Engineering

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 Scope of Civil Engineering
Surveying
 Surveying is a science and art of determining the
relative position of points on, above or beneath the
surface of the earth by means of measurement of
distance, direction and elevation either directly or
indirectly.
Branches
 Activity involved in collection of topographic features
of Civil
of a location for future construction.
Engineering

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 Scope of Civil Engineering
Transportation Engineering
 Application of scientific approach (planning, design,
operation and management) of transportation systems
such as roads, railway, sea/river & air transports.

 It involves planning, design, construction/operation

and maintenance of transportation facility.
Branches
of Civil
 In air strip runways, roads and railway, the study
Engineering
includes the design of pavement system.

 Maintenance and upgradation of docks, harbours,

airports, railway system based on requirements,
population growth is a part of this discipline.
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 Scope of Civil Engineering
Transportation Engineering

Branches
of Civil
Engineering

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 Scope of Civil Engineering
Transportation Engineering

Transportation in India is a large and

varied spectra of economy, as it leads
to wide variety of scope like:

 It contributes to the economic in

the social and cultural Branches
development of any country. of Civil
Engineering
 Urbanization and industrial attract
the surplus labour force from rural
areas.

 To promote the public transport

and mass transport. 27
 Infrastructure

 Infrastructure is the framework of supporting system consisting of roads, airports, bridges,

buildings, parks and other amenities for the comfort of mankind.

 Economically, infrastructure are the structural elements that allow for production of goods
Branches
and services without themselves being part of the production process, e.g. roads allow the
of Civil
transport of raw materials and finished products.
Engineering

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 Infrastructure

Infrastructure may be divided into

 Economic Infrastructure
 Social Infrastructure Branches
of Civil
Engineering

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 Infrastructure

Economic Infrastructure:
This includes the progressive growth of a country and its economic condition is
generating revenue. Branches
of Civil
Engineering

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 Infrastructure

The Basic Economic Infrastructure are:

 Construction Industry: It is the basic necessity for the development and progress of a country.
 Transportation Facilities: Transportation facilities play a crucial role in the economic, social and
commercial progress of a country, acting as a lifeline for flow of men and material connecting the
origin and destination.
 Water Supply & Drainage System: A good Branches
and assured water supply scheme for drinking, industries,
agriculture and other purposes is provided of Civil
and also an effective drainage system by collecting the
Engineering
wastewater treating it properly and final disposal in form of liquid.
 Power Supply: It is an essential factor for the development and progress of country, it includes power
stations (hydel, thermal and nuclear, solar energy, wind energy, biogas) transmitting station, tower
conductors etc.
 Communication Facilities: Lack of communication hinders and development of a country, it includes
facilities like transmission line, towers, internet etc.
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 Infrastructure

Social Infrastructure: It provides

 Good health care by providing Primary Health Centres

 Education facilities, it includes providing education at primary, higher, college and

professional courses Branches
of Civil
 Employment centre Engineering

 Wild life conservation, agriculture, industries, communication, commerce and cultural

activities, recreational centres, fire station, police station for emergency and safety purpose

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 Infrastructure
Infrastructure deals with
 Transportation  Energy Sector
 Road Network  Electrification
 Railway  Reduction in energy loss
 Ports & Harbours  Use of renewable energy such as Solar,
 Air travel and Airports Wind, Biogas plants

 Television Network Branches

 Agriculture Activity
of Civil
 Largest economic investment
 Telephone Network Engineering
 Landline connection  Construction Activity
 Mobile phone connection  Second largest economy in India
 Lifelines

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 Infrastructure
Role of Civil Engineers in Infrastructure Development

A Civil Engineer has to play a very important role by looking into the public needs through
shelter, water supply for drinking and irrigation of crops, sewage, transportation, energy and
disaster protection, which forms the basic infrastructural demands of the society but keeping
our social and cultural heritage.
Branches
• He takes up the construction sector job.of Civil
• He plants the buildings, towns, citiesEngineering
and recreational centres.
.

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 Infrastructure
Role of Civil Engineers in Infrastructure Development
A Civil Engineer has to play a very important role by looking into the public needs through
shelter, water supply for drinking and irrigation of crops, sewage, transportation, energy and
disaster protection, which forms the basic infrastructural demands of the society but keeping
our social and cultural heritage.

• He takes up the construction sector job.Branches

• of recreational
He plants the buildings, towns, cities and Civil centres.
• He builds the structures like building,Engineering
dam, bridges, reservoir, tunnel, railways, harbours etc.
• He builds the water purifying units to distribute drinking water, distributes water for
agricultural purpose.
• He provides proper drainage treatment system and keep environment clean.
• He provides transport network through road, railways, harbours, port and docks, airport
terminals, subways, overlays etc.
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 Infrastructure
Impact of Infrastructure Development on a Country

 Increase in food production

 Protection from drought, famine, flood
 Healthy and comfortable housing facility
 Safe domestic and industrial water supply
 Safe and scientific waste disposal Branches
 Improvement in communication and transportation
of Civil
 Generation of electricity from Engineering
nuclear, hydel,
thermal, solar or wind energy
 Improved, wealth, prosperity, standard of living
 Overall growth of a nation

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 Thanks
Branches
of Civil
Engineering

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