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Dr. Ir.

Dedy Kristanto, MT
Petroleum Engineering Department
UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta

Determination of Cut-Off:
Vshale, Porosity and
Water Saturation
PT. PERTAMINA, 14 APRIL 2009
WORK FLOW OF WELL LOG ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
GR LOG CORRECTION (MUD WEIGHT AND HOLE SIZE)
LOG CORRECTION RESULTS
PETROPHYSIC VALIDATION
Validation of Interpretation Log Results :
 Porosity Log with Porosity Core
 Water Saturation with Test Data, Production and
Capillary Pressure (J-function)
 Vshale with Test Data

Vertical Porosity
and Water Saturation
Distribution
GRAIN DENSITY AND LITHOLOGY FROM CORE

Depth Grain
Density Description
ft g/cc

4950,8 2,69 Wckstn ltgy abd sand frag mold


4952,6 2,72 Wckstn ltgy abd sand frag mold
4954,1 2,72 Wckstn ltgy abd sand frag mold
4956,1 2,72 Wckstn ltgy abd sand frag mold frac
4964,1 2,76 Wckstn ltgy xlin foss mold carb abd pyr frac
4966,0 2,72 Wckstn ltgy xlin foss mold carb abd pyr
4968,1 2,72 Wckstn ltgy foss carb pyr cly infill frac
4970,1 2,72 Wckstn ltgy foss carb pyr styll
4972,0 2,71 Wckstn ltgy foss carb pyr styll abd cly frac
5060,1 2,64 Grnt ltgy motld m-crs poorsrt qz felds cgl kaol weathered
5062,0 2,65 Grnt ltgy motld m-crs poorsrt qz felds cgl kaol weathered
5064,0 2,65 Grnt ltgy motld m-crs poorsrt qz felds cgl kaol weathered
5066,1 2,66 Grnt mgy m-crs vhd qz felds cmt
5068,1 2,63 Grnt mgy m-crs vhd qz felds cmt
5070,3 2,62 Grnt ltgy motld m-crs vhd qz felds kaol cmt
5074,2 2,64 Grnt ltgy motld m-crs vhd qz felds cmt
5076,6 2,64 Grnt ltgy motld m-crs vhd qz felds cmt
5078,1 2,65 Grnt ltgy motld m-crs vhd qz felds cmt
POROSITY LOG vs CORE

Porosity Log vs Core


30,0

y = 0,992x + 0,5422
25,0 2
R = 0,9963
Porosity Core (%)

20,0

15,0

10,0

5,0

0,0
0,0 5,0 10,0 15,0 20,0 25,0 30,0
Porosity Log (%)
CUT OFF DETERMINATION
Types of Cut-off : Porosity, Vshale and Sw.

In the Cut-off determination must be considered if they


are fracture and hydrocarbon contents (oil and gas).

Statitically cut-off Por (for oil 10 - 16% depend on


pressure & viscosity; gas 6 - 12%), Vshale (20 - 50 %)
and Sw (55 - 70%).
CUT OFF DETERMINATION
(Based on Test Data)
Cut-off Determination with Combination Method :
Permeability, Porosity and Sw
4.00
10000 10000.00
PIGN=7.0%

1000
3.00 1000.00

100.00
100
2.00
ELAN KINT (md)

10.00
10
1.00
KINT=3.0 md
0-0.1 1.00
0.00
1.0 0.1-0.2
0.2-0.3
0.3-0.4 0.10
0.1
-1.00
0.4-0.5 系列2
0.5-0.6 系列3
0.6-0.7 0.01 系列1
0.01
-2.00 DSTs
0.7-0.8
A3 DST#1
0.8-0.9
0.9-1.0 0.00
0.001
-3.00 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20

ELAN PIGN
CUT OFF DETERMINATION

Example of Cut-off Determination for Gas Field


CUT OFF FACIES CHANNEL (OVERLAY PRODUCTION DATA)

POROSITY = 0.13
VCLAY = 0.38
K = 15 md

1615-1618

1625-1618

1487.5-1490
CUT OFF FACIES BAR (OVERLAY PRODUCTION DATA)

1601-1603

1606.5-1610

POROSITY 0.12
VCLAY 0.4
K = 10 md

1542-1543
POROSITY DISTRIBUTION MODELING

Untuk mendistribusikan Porositas Distribusi Porositas dari Inversi


diperlukan data sumuran, variogram, Facies Neural Network
distribusi facies dan distribusi porositas
hasil inversi (jika ada). Hasil pemodelan
tergantung probability yg diset pd
software geostatistik tsb.

ScaleUp
Well Data Well Log

Hasil
Distribusi
Porositas

Variogram

Copyright Dadang Rukmana (BPMIGAS)


CUT OFF SW

0.63 0.68
CUT OFF SATURASI AIR (Sw)
Water Cut vs Sw LTAF High Permeability Water Cut vs Sw LTAF Medium Permeability

1 1
0,9 0.98 0,9 0.98
0,8 0,8
0,7 0,7
0,6 0,6

WC
WC

0,5 0,5
0,4 0,4
0,3 0,3
0,2 0,2
0.676 0.685
0,1 0,1
0 0
0 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9 1 0 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9 1
Sw Water Cut vs Sw LTAF Low Permeability Sw

1
0,9 0.98
0,8
0,7
0,6
WC

0,5
0,4
0,3
0,2
0.692
0,1
0
0 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9 1
Sw
DETERMINATION OF PERMEABILITY

Untuk Penyebaran Permeabilitas bisa beberapa cara :


• Menggunakan transform hubungan K vs Porositas dipandu
dengan Vshale.
• Disebarkan dengan Geostatistik tetapi software harus tersedia
“Neural Network” atau “Cloud Transform” atau metode baru
yang bisa memodelkan permeabilitas (bukan SGS atau Co-
kriging) dan data well yang masuk harus dalam bentuk Log(K).

Baik menggunakan transform maupun geostatisk data-data


permeabilitas harus dapat dipisahkan per Facies. Jika tidak
memungkinkan untuk pemisahan berdasarkan facies karena data
core tidak cukup, bisa menggunakan FZI (flow zone indicator).
POROSITY - PERMEABILITY DISTRIBUTION
FACIES CHANNEL AND BAR
PENENTUAN PERMEABILITAS
DIDASARKAN PADA POROSITAS

Suatu hubungan empiris yang umum antara


permeabilitas dan porositas dikemukakan oleh Wylie
dan Rose, yaitu:

x
C
k y
S wi

Kemudian Tixier dan Timur menjabarkan rumus Wylie


dan Rose ini ke dalam suatu persamaan yang dapat
diterapkan pada hasil rekaman log sumur.
PENENTUAN PERMEABILITAS
DIDASARKAN PADA POROSITAS

Persamaan Tixier:
3
1/ 2 
k  250
S wi

Persamaan Timur:
2.25
1/ 2 
k  100
S wi
PENENTUAN PERMEABILITAS
DIDASARKAN PADA POROSITAS

Persamaan Carmen-Kozeny:
3
 eff
k 2 2
c S
Keterangan:
  0.8(1   )  1
z
S    ln
R0
POROSITY – PERMEABILITY TRANSFORM

Permeability Transform GUF 11

10000
69,368x
y = 0,0009e
1000 2
R = 0,995
Permeability (mD)

100

10

0,1
0 0,05 0,1 0,15 0,2 0,25
Porosity (%)

21
PT. PERTAMINA, 14 APRIL 2009
POROSITY - PERMEABILITY TRANSFORM

Permeability Transform For Facies A


100.0

Vsh, %
0
10
Permeability, md

10.0
20
30

1.0

0.1
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25
Porosity
POROSITY - PERMEABILITY TRANSFORM FACIES CHANNEL
POROSITY - PERMEABILITY TRANSFORM FACIES BAR
PERMEABILITY DISTRIBUTION MODELING

Penyebaran Penyebaran Penyebaran Por. & Vshale


Facies Permeabilitas

Hasil
Distribusi
Permeabilitas

Distribusi
Distribusi Porositas &
Facies Vshale

100.0
Facies A
Vsh, %
0
10
10.0
20
30

1.0

0.1
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25

Facies B

Copyright Dadang Rukmana (BPMIGAS)


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