Introduction

Intraocular tumors can lead to secondary glaucoma through several

mechanisms that vary according to the tumor type, growth pattern, location,
size, and secondary features related to the tumor.

Mechanisms for glaucoma can be multifactorial and include solid tumor

invasion into the angle, tumor seeding into the angle (pigment dispersion),
angle closure, and iris neovascularization.

Management of glaucoma secondary to intraocular tumor can involve medical

therapy, transscleral cyclophotocoagulation, laser trabeculoplasty, and
intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy.
Glaucoma Pathophysiology
Summary of Glaucoma Secondary to Intraocular
Tumors: Mechanisms and Management
Conclusion
Intraocular tumors can cause secondary glaucoma.
Common mechanisms include solid tumor invasion into the angle, tumor seeding
into the angle (pigment dispersion), angle closure, and iris neovascularization.
Depending on tumor type and location, secondary glaucoma can be treated with
medical management, transscleral cyclophotocoagulation, laser trabeculoplasty,
anti-VEGF injections, MIGS, filtering, or shunting surgery, or enucleation.
MIGS, filtering, or shunting surgery should be avoided in eyes with active
malignant tumors to prevent extraocular tumor extension.
Intraocular tumors should be considered in the differential diagnosis of secondary
glaucoma, especially in unilateral or refractory cases.