Research Methodology

Cdre M Ziauddin Alamgir NGP fdc psc (rtd) BN

M Sc Eng (BUET), MDS (NU), WEAC (UK), FIEB, AANDEC (Nigeria), ABUETA

Professor & Dean

Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Maritime University, Bangladesh
Introduction to the Course
 Title and Credit

 Course Code: NAOE 4107

 Course Title: Research Methodology

 Credit: 1.5

 Contact Hour: 21
 Aim of the Course

To introduce the Students

with
Research Methodology
and
Research Report Writing Technique
 Learning Outcome

It is expected that on completion of the course the

students shall be able to:

 Design, implement and complete research works

 Write research proposal

 Write research report

 Defend their thesis

 Teaching Strategies

 Lecture

 Case analysis

 Group discussion

 Workshop
 Assessment Strategies
Ser Item Weightage
1 Attendance 5%
2 Observation/Participation 5%
3 Assignment 5%
4 Class Test 10%
5 Mid Term Exam 15%
6 Final Exam 60%

There will be 3 class tests. Best 2 will be counted

There will be minimum two assignments

 Class Test & Assignment

 Class Test

 4th , 7th and 9th week

 Assignment

 3rd and 10th week

 Course Contents
 Introduction to research Methodology

 Research design

 Data Source, collection, analysis & Presentation

 Research findings and analysis

 Report Writing Technique

 Thesis Defence
 Sequence of Class
 General Introduction

 Report Writing Technique

 Preliminary Pages

 Supplementary Documents

 Thesis Defence

 Oral Presentation
Introduction
 What is Research ?

The systematic investigation into

and
study of materials and sources
in order to
establish facts and reach new conclusions

UNESCO defines research as systematic and creative actions

taken to increase knowledge about humans, culture, and
society and to apply it in new areas of interest.
What does Research involve?

Collection

Information

Analysis Organization
Steps of Research

Pose a
Question

Collect Data
to Answer
the Question

Present an
Answer to
the Question
Types of Research

• Basic Research
Application • Applied Research

• Prob Oriented
Objective
• Problem Solving

Information • Quantitive
Sought • Qualitative
Types of Research

• Exploratory
• Descriptive

• Correlation
• Explanatory
 Field of Research

 Social

 Scientific

 Legal

 Business
Scientific Research
 Definitions

Scientific research is the research performed by applying

systematic and constructed scientific methods to obtain,
analyze, and interpret data.

Scientific research is the neutral, systematic, planned, and

multiple-step process that uses previously discovered facts to
advance knowledge that does not exist in the literature.
 Classifications

Scientific Research

Data Collection
Causality Time
Technique

Observationa Retrospectiv
Experimental Analytical Descriptive Prospective
l e
 Steps
 All scientific research start with a specific research question and
the formulation of a hypothesis to answer this question.

 The next step is testing the hypothesis using scientific method to

approve or disapprove it.

 Hypothesis should be clear, specific, and directly aim to answer the

research question.

 A strong and testable hypothesis is the fundamental part of the

scientific research.
 Research Plan
 The research plan should include the procedure to obtain data and
evaluate the variables.

 It should ensure that analyzable data are obtained.

 It should also include plans on the statistical analysis to be

performed.

 The number of subjects and controls needed to get valid statistical

results should be calculated, and data should be obtained in
appropriate numbers and methods.
 Research Plan
 The researcher should be continuously observing and recording all
data obtained.

 Data should be analyzed with the most appropriate statistical

methods and be rearranged to make more sense if needed.

 Multiple reevaluations of data, review of the literature, and

interpretation of results in light of previous research are required.

 A well-conducted and precisely written research should always be

open to scientific criticism. It should also be kept in mind that
research should be in line with ethical rules all through its stages.
 General Contents
Introductions

Literature Review

Research Methodology

Discussion

Conclusion and Recommendations (Optional)

Research Variables

Dependent
Variable (DV)

Independent
Variable (IV)

Control
Variable (CV)
 Dependent Variables
 The dependent variable is the variable being tested and
measured in an experiment

 It is ‘dependent’ on the independent variable.

 This variable measures the impact of introducing or altering

the independent variables.

 For example, if the independent variable is a new type of

teaching pedagogy introduced, the resulting dependent
variable will be student’s performance in a test designed to
check the content taught using the pedagogy.
 Dependent Variables

Resulting
dependent variable:
Independent
Student’s
variable: New type
performance in a
of teaching
test designed to
pedagogy
check the content
introduced
taught using the
pedagogy.
 Independent Variables
 These variables are controlled, introduced or manipulated by
the researcher.

 They are the cause’ factors to which the ‘effect’ is the

dependent variable.

 In an experiment, the researcher is looking for a possible effect

on the dependent variable that might be caused by changing
the independent variable.

 For example, the independent variable is the new teaching

pedagogy, the impact of which is being measured by the test
on content understanding.
 Control Variables

 These variables have no direct impact on the result

 Their presence may actually add biasing or otherwise negate

the impact of the independent variable

 They should be brought under control.

 It is an excellent thought to maintain a control group of

respondents in experimental studies that operate in the same
circumstances as the experimental group.
 Research Outcome

A research outcome is a particular dissemination,

publication, presentation, communication or pathway
in which research is made available to people other
than the author.
 Research Output

 Seminar Paper

 Conference Paper

 Strategic / Policy Paper

 Thesis / Dissertation Paper

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