Electrodynamics

Contant
• Gradient
• Divergence and curls
Gradient
• The gradient is the inclination of a
line. The gradient is often referred to
as the slope (m) of the line. The
gradient or slope of a line inclined at
an angle θ is equal to the tangent of the
angle θ .
• m= tanθ
•The gradient can be calculated
geometrically for any
two points (x1,y1)(x1,y1), (x2,y2)
(x2,y2) on a line.
•        
•Slope=y2−y1x2−x1Slope=y2−y1x2−x1
•Further, the gradient is a quantity,
which helps to understand the
variation in one quantity, with respect
to another quantity. 
•For a function f(x) the gradient is
calculated from its first derivative,
 ddx.f(x)ddx.f(x).
•Summarizing the above sentences, we
have:
•m=tanθ=y2−y1x2−x1=ddx.f(x)
Divergence
• The divergence of the given vector field