Key documents in

import and export

 Objectives
2

Understanding function of each type of

document in import and export
Learning to make key documents in
export
Learning to check documents in
import
 Commercial invoice
3

Key document in payment

The seller’s request to the buyer for
paying a sum of money stated in the
invoice
Key information in the invoice:
Consignment and specifications
Unit price
 Commercial invoice
4

Total value
Delivery term
Payment term

Means of carriage

Commercial invoice is made in many

copies for different purposes
 Commercial invoice
5

Provisional invoice: used for initial

payment in cases such as temporary
price, partial payment (in the contract
with partial shipment), etc.
Final invoice: for total value of the
contract
Detailed invoice: analyzing details of
price
 Commercial invoice
6

Proforma invoice: similar to invoice

but not used for payment
Rules for commercial invoice in
UCP 600 (Article 18)
a. A commercial invoice:
i. Must appear to have been issued by
the beneficiary (except as provided in
article 38);
 Commercial invoice
7

ii. Must be made out in the name of

applicant (except as provided in sub-
article 38 (g));
iii. Must be made out in the same
currency as credit; and
iv. Need not be signed
 Commercial invoice
8

b. A nominated bank acting on its

nomination, a confirming bank, if any, or
the issuing bank may accept a commercial
invoice issued for an amount in excess of
the amount permitted by the credit, and
its decision will be binding upon all
parties, provided the bank in question has
not honored or negotiated for an amount
in excess of that permitted by the credit.
 Commercial invoice
9

c. The description of the goods,

services or performance in a
commercial invoice must
correspond with that appearing in
the credit.
 Commercial invoice
10

Some notes in making a

commercial invoice:
The issuer of commercial invoice
Commercial invoice made out to the
applicant
Description of goods
Actual quantity
 Commercial invoice
11

Unit price
Total value
Need not be signed

Port of loading, port of discharging,

payment term, etc.
Number of copies
Invoice number and date
 Bill of lading
12

Issued by ship’s owner, captain

Confirming goods shipped for carriage
Information on the front side of B/L:
name of shipper and consignee or “to
order”, name of vessel, port of loading,
port of discharging, description of goods,
marking, quantity, freight, situation of
shipment, number of original, date, etc.
 Bill of lading
13

Information on the back side: terms of

carriage
Relationship between the carrier and
consignee is defined by B/L
Relationship between the carrier and
shipper is defined by charter party
 Bill of lading
14

Functions of B/L:
 Receipt of the carrier for cargo being
shipped
 An evidence of the implementation of
terms in contract for carriage
 A document for owning cargo, stating
consignee to be delivered at discharging
port. Cargo may be traded by transferring
B/L
 Bill of lading
15

Types of B/L:
For remarks on B/L
 Clean B/L: is the one in which there is not
any remark on shortcoming of cargo or bags
 Unclean B/L: is the one in which the
carrier states bad remarks on the situation
of cargo or bags. It is not accepted for
payment by the bank, unless there is a
special term.
 Bill of lading
16

For cargo shipped on board:

 Shipped on board B/L: the one issued
when cargo is already on board of the vessel
 Received for shipment B/L: the one
issued before cargo is shipped on board.
There is not date of shipment. Shipper will
exchange for shipped on board B/L after
cargo is shipped on board.
 Bill of lading
17

For information about consignee:

 B/L To order: the carrier delivers cargo
based on the order of shipper, bank or
consignee
 Straight B/L (B/L to a named person):
stating clearly name and address of consignee
 Bear B/L: stating neither name of consignee
nor To order. Carrier will deliver cargo to the
person who holds and presents B/L.
 Bill of lading
18

For cargo to be transshipment:

 Direct B/L: issuing for cargo to be
transported by one vessel from loading port
to discharging one.
 Through B/L: issuing for cargo to be
transported between ports by two or more
vessels of two or more different ship’s
owners. B/L’s issuer must be obligated for
cargo from loading port to final discharging
one.
 Bill of lading
19

 Local B/L: issued by carriers

participating in the transportation of
cargo, it is the receipt of shipping cargo.
Other types of B/L:
 Charter party B/L: issued by the
captain, it has only one side (blank back
B/L). Bank does not accept this type of
B/L, unless there is a special term.
 Bill of lading
20

 Combined B/L: the one that cargo is

transported by many means of transport
including sea transport. It is also called
FIATA combined B/L.
 Short B/L: the one summarizing key
terms, other information is referred in
other concerning documents.
 Bill of lading
21

Rules for B/L in UCP 600 (Article 20)

Key notes for making and
checking B/L:
 Name of vessel

 Name of loading and discharging

ports
 Issuing date
 Bill of lading
22

Who issues B/L?

Is B/L signed?
Is number of original stated in B/L?
Is B/L a Clean B/L?
Name and address of shipper
Name and address of consignee
Name and address of notify party
 Bill of lading
23

Description of goods, weight, marking,

etc.
Notes for freight (Freight
prepaid/Freight collect)
 Certificate of origin
24

Purposes of identifying origin of goods:

 Preferential treatment in tariff
 Applying antidumping duty

 Trade statistics and controlling quota

 C/O is issued by producer or competent

authority (Chamber of Commerce,
Ministry of Trade, Ministry of Industry
and Trade)
 Certificate of origin
25

Types of C/O:
 Form A
 Form B

 Form ICO

 Form T

 Form Venezuela (V)

 Form Peru (P)

 Form South Africa (DA59)

 Certificate of origin
26

 Form Turkey
 Form S
 Form M

 Form D

 Form E

 Form AJ

 Form AK

 Form VJ
 Certificate of origin
27

In Vietnam, VCCI issues C/O form A,

B, ICO, T
C/O form D, E, AJ, AK, VJ are issued
by Import-Export Department of
Ministry of Industry and Trade
 Certificate of origin
28

C/O form A:
Used for export goods under preferential
treatment of tariff stated in Generalized
System of preferences (GSP).
Issued only when goods exporting to one
of countries shown on the back side of
Form A and this country accepts Vietnam
to get GSP.
 Certificate of origin
29

C/O form A must be made in English.

There are 12 items in C/O form A:
1. Exporter’s name, address, country
2. Consignee’s name, address, country
3. Means of transport and route
4. For official use
5. Item number
6. Marks and number of packages
 Certificate of origin
30

7. Number and kind of packages,

description of goods
8. Origin criterion
9. Gross weight or other quantity
10. Number of date invoice
11. Certification
12. Declaration by the exporter
 Certificate of origin
31

C/O form B:
Issued for Vietnamese goods exporting
to countries:
 Importing countries without GSP
 Importing countries with GSP but not apply
to Vietnam
 Importing countries with GSP and apply to
Vietnam but exporting goods don’t meet
standards.
 Certificate of origin
32

C/O form T
Issued for garment from Vietnam
exporting to EU
Based on notification from VCCI, form
T is no longer applied from 01 January
2005 (Eu abolished quota for garment
from Vietnam). From 01 January 2010,
form T was not used.
 Certificate of origin
33

C/O form ICO:

C/O based on rules of International
Coffee Organization (ICO)
Issued for coffee only and
accompanied with form A or form B
 Certificate of origin
34

C/O form D
Issued for export goods to get
preferential treatment of tariff under
Common Effective Preferential Tariff
(CEPT)
Applied for export goods from a
member of ASEAN to another member
of ASEAN
 Certificate of origin
35

C/O form E
Issued for Vietnamese goods exporting
to China
Form E is applied for preferential
treatment of tariff under ACFTA
 Certificate of origin
36

C/O form AK
Issued for goods from Vietnam or
members of ASEAN exporting to Korea
 Certificate of origin
37

C/O form AJ
Issued for goods from Vietnam or
members of ASEAN exporting to Japan
under AJCEP (ASEAN-Japan
Comprehensive Economic Partnership)
 Certificate of origin
38

Form VJ
Issued for goods from Vietnam
exporting to Japan under VJEPA
(Vietnam-Japan Economic Partnership
Agreement)