PENGANTAR

ILMU
HUBUNGAN
INTERNASIONA
L
Rafa fadhilah
NPM :212030041
 HI SEBAGAI SUATU
PARADIGMA
The Basics Realisme Dalam Hubungan Internasional

Human Nature and Behavior Narchical and conflictual

• Fear • Selfish • Aggressive Internasional System

State as Central, Unitary, and Rational Actor

 Political Realism Quotes
• “As The world goes, is only in question between equals in power, while the strong do
what they can and the weak suffer what they must” – Thucydides (The Peloponnesian
War)
• “The virtu of the Prince is To be a strong as lion and as cunnung as a fox, To be able To
use the impression of adhering To the customary moral norms of society but able To act
ruthlessly when the political situation demands it.” – Niccolo Machiavelli (The Prince)
 Classical Realism
• Scholar : Edward Hallet Carr and Hans J. Morgenthau
• Anarchy > give human appetites free reign > greedy > expansionist foreign
policy
• Nature of humanity > desire for Power > struggle To increase offensive
capability
• Others mind problem > maling intention > uncertainty > insecurity
• State strategi : Rational > tajing costs and benefits of different possible course
of action into account
• Objective : How State can survive and fulfill her interests
 Options For Stability (Neo Realism)
A narchical System Balancing of Bandwagoning

State SEEK for Power

Security Dilemma
Arms Race
Content itself is what the end-user derives value from also can refer.
 LIBERALISM
John Locke Constitutional States and Toleration Rule of Law Rights of Citizens to
life, Liberty, and property
Jeremy Bentham International Law = Rational interest of constitutional states
Immanuel Kant Perpetual PeaceTrough a world of constitutional and mutually
respectful states
 ASSUMPTIONS

Positive View of Human Nature Cooperative rather than conflictual

Believe in Progress
 IDEALISM : EARLY THINKING OF
LIBERALISM IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
A B C

Democracy and Self The Importance of International The Importance International

determination Organization (World Law (Binding Law and Existence
Governance) Law Enforcer)
NEGARA BANGSA DALAM SISTEM
INTERNASIONAL
 Faktor- faktor pembentuk Negara

TERITTORY POPULATION

RECOGNITION
GOVERMENT

STATE
 TUGAS NEGARA
armed forces

national
security
security

international
stability
USA Europe
19,450000 19,450000
freedom human rights
System
Sovereignity Law
Anarch order
legisl;ation

Law
justice
enforcement

Economic
Brasil policy
19,450000 welfare
international
trade
 STATE BEHAVIOR

Interests Threats

Objectives

Opportunities Capabilities
 Great Debates

Dalam Teori Hubungan Internasional, ada yang dikenal dengan istilah

GREAT DEBATES, yaitu merujuk pada pedebatan para teoritisi HI.
Disiplin HI sangat dipengaruhi oleh perjalanan sejarah, namun tidak
ada satu ide tunggal yang bisa diterima secara bersama. Perdebatan
ini lah yang dimaksud, a debate between utopian and realist Thinking.
 IDEALIS
IDEALIS
Pemikiran yang diajukan berlandaskan pada hujjah
(alasan) bahwa peperangan bukanlah sesuatu yang
diinginkan oleh setiap orang, dan merupakan dosa dan
musibah yang terjadi akibat ketidak sengajaan
LIBERALISME UTOPIS
Tatanan fundamendal Hubungan Internasional perlu berada
pada titik keadaan yang lebih damai, dibawah pengaruh
kebangkitan demokrasi, pertumbuhan pemikiran global,
pembentukan Liga Bangsa Bangsa, karyakarya yang baik
tentang perdamaian yang disebarkan melalui pengajaran atau
pendidikan