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03 Korelasi
03 Korelasi
Stratigrafi
Berasal dari kata strata (stratum) yang
berarti lapisan (tersebar) yang
berhubungan dengan batuan, dan grafi
(graphic) yang berarti pemerian/
gambaran atau urut-urutan lapisan dan
umur relatif serta distribusi perlapisan
dan interpretasi lapisan-lapisan batuan
untuk menjelaskan sejarah bumi
Atau Stratigrafi adalah ilmu yang
mempelajari pemerian perlapisan
batuan pada kulit bumi. Secara luas
stratigrafi merupakan salah satu cabang
ilmu geologi yang membahas tentang
urut-urutan, hubungan dan kejadian
batuan di alam (sejarahnya) dalam
ruang dan waktu geologi
Interpretation of sedimentary rocks
The mineralogy, texture, and sedimentary structures of sedimentary rocks provide valuable clues to both the
source region and the immediate environment of deposition. Texture and mineralogy of a sedimentary rock
can be directly inherited from the source region or source terrane, or can be the result of weathering and
sedimentary processes.
Inherited properties tell you nothing about the environment deposition, but do tell you about the source.
As sediment is transferred further from the source terrane it becomes more rounded, typically finer grained,
and the minerals are more weathered (less feldspar and other unstable minerals, more clay). By examining
the texture and mineralogy of sediments and their distribution, the geologist is able to locate the source
terrane. (More fines and more intensely weathered means further from source) By interpreting the
mineralogy and perhaps lithic fragments, the geologist is able to describe the geology of the source terrane.
The distribution of sediments size and sorting (texture) provide valuable clues about the environment of
deposition. For example, thin meandering strings of well-sorted sand set in a matrix of silt and clay are
likely the result of deposition by a river system.
Color, especially of fine-grained sediments, can provide valuable clues to whether the environment of
deposition was oxidizing or reducing. Oxidizing environments yield sediments that are brown, red, and
yellow. Reducing environments, such as swamps, yield sediments that are black, green, or gray.
Dari hasil perbandingan atau korelasi
antarlapisan yang berbeda dapat
dikembangkan lebih lanjut studi mengenai:
◦ litologi (litostratigrafi),
◦ kandungan fosil (biostratigrafi),
◦ umur relatif maupun absolutnya
(kronostratigrafi)
Korelasi Stratigrafi
Korelasi stratigrafi: menghubungkan titik-
titik kesamaan waktu atau penghubungan
satuan-satuan stratigrafi dengan
mempertimbangkan kesamaan waktu.
Korelasi Struktural
◦ Datum: MSL
◦ Mengikuti konfigurasi struktural
◦ Dikaitkan dengan pengikatan seismik
Datum: Marker - X
Sumber : Bambang S Murti
6-90
Korelasi Stratigrafi
Tugas – 1
MG SANDSTONE
MG SANDSTONE
MG SANDSTONE
FG SANDSTONE
FG SANDSTONE
FG SANDSTONE
CGSANDSTONE
CGSANDSTONE
CGSANDSTONE
Gamma Ray
Litologi Gamma Ray
Litologi Gamma Ray
Litologi
GRANULE
GRANULE
GRANULE
CLAY
CLAY
CLAY
SILT
SILT
SILT
0 150 0 150 0 150
Keterangan :
Nama :
S a nds to ne
Nim :
C la ys to ne
S ilts to ne
C o nglo m e ra te